如何将 biblatex 参考文献的格式更改为包含 3 列 (alpha、author、'Titel 和其他信息')？

Question

嗯，你的问题可能并不像你想象的那么简单。

您正在使用biblatex和样式。因此， alphabetic您需要检查文件standard.bbx、，最后（如果需要）您必须检查并在路径（对于 MiKTeX）中搜索相关信息。alphabetic.bbxalphabetic.cbxC:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex\latex\biblatex

在文件中，standard.bbx 你可以找到文章、书籍等的布局定义。例如，我们在驱动程序中查找article：

\DeclareBibliographyDriver{article}{%
  \usebibmacro{bibindex}%
  \usebibmacro{begentry}%
  \usebibmacro{author/translator+others}%
  \setunit{\labelnamepunct}\newblock
  \usebibmacro{title}%
  \newunit
  \printlist{language}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byauthor}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{bytranslator+others}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{version}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{in:}%
  \usebibmacro{journal+issuetitle}%
  \newunit
  \usebibmacro{byeditor+others}%
  \newunit
  \usebibmacro{note+pages}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \iftoggle{bbx:isbn}
    {\printfield{issn}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{doi+eprint+url}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate}%
  \setunit{\bibpagerefpunct}\newblock
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \iftoggle{bbx:related}
    {\usebibmacro{related:init}%
     \usebibmacro{related}}
    {}%
  \usebibmacro{finentry}}

基于相关问题您现在可以使用以下代码（我仅为文章这样做！如果您的bib文件包含book等，您也必须添加相关的驱动程序）：

\RequirePackage{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents}{\jobname.bib}
@ARTICLE{mwe2012,
  author  = {Smith, A. and Johnson, B. and Willians, C.},
  title   = {The three most common surnames in the United States of America},
  journal = {Review of Useless Knowledge},
  year    = {2012},
  volume  = {8},
  number  = {1},
  pages   = {290--290},
}
@ARTICLE{mwe2011,
  author  = {Miller, J. and Brown, D.},
  title   = {Most used surnames in fake passports},
  journal = {Journal of Nosense Ranks},
  year    = {2011},
  volume  = {5},
  number  = {3},
  pages   = {1--130},
  pmid    = {1234567},
  url     = {http://www.mwe.com/mwe2011},
  doi     = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/jnr.2011.01.01},
}
@Book{Goossens,
  author    = {Goossens, Michel and Mittelbach, Frank and 
               Samarin, Alexander},
  title     = {The LaTeX Companion},
  edition   = {1},
  publisher = {Addison-Wesley},
  location  = {Reading, Mass.},
  year      = {1994},
}
@Book{adams,
  title     = {The Restaurant at the End of the Universe},
  author    = {Douglas Adams},
  series    = {The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy},
  publisher = {Pan Macmillan},
  year      = {1980},
}
article{einstein,
  author  = {Albert Einstein},
  title   = {{Zur Elektrodynamik bewegter K{\"o}rper}. ({German}) 
             [{On} the electrodynamics of moving bodies]},
  journal = {Annalen der Physik},
  volume  = {322},
  number  = {10},
  pages   = {891--921},
  year    = {1905},
  DOI     = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/andp.19053221004},
}
\end{filecontents}


\documentclass{article}

\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}

\usepackage{showframe}
\usepackage{array}    % > in table
\usepackage{ragged2e} % \RaggedRight in table

\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{csquotes}
\usepackage{rotating}
\usepackage[%
  backend      = biber, 
  maxnames     = 99, 
  sorting      = nyvt, 
  hyperref     = true,
  maxcitenames = 2,
  mincitenames = 1,
  natbib       = true,
  giveninits   = true, % firstinits
  style        = alphabetic
]{biblatex}
\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}
\usepackage{microtype}
\usepackage[colorlinks=true,breaklinks]{hyperref}



\newrobustcmd{\mkbibslashes}[1]{/#1/}
\DeclareFieldFormat{labelalphawidth}{\mkbibslashes{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat{shorthandwidth}{\mkbibslashes{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat{mkbibslashes}{\mkbibslashes{#1}}

\renewcommand*{\newunitpunct}{\addcomma\space}
\renewcommand*{\finentrypunct}{}                  % no punct after entry

\DeclareCiteCommand{\cite}[\mkbibslashes]
  {\usebibmacro{prenote}}
  {\usebibmacro{citeindex}\usebibmacro{cite}}
  {\multicitedelim}
  {\usebibmacro{postnote}}



\defbibenvironment{bibliography}
  {\list
     {\ifentrytype{article}
       {\rotatebox[origin=c]{90}{
         \printtext[labelalphawidth]{% mkbibslashes
           \printfield{prefixnumber}%
           \printfield{labelalpha}%
           \printfield{extraalpha}}%
            %\addspace%
            %\MakeSentenceCase{\thefield{entrytype}}%
       }}
       {\printtext[labelalphawidth]{% mkbibslashes
          \printfield{prefixnumber}%
          \printfield{labelalpha}%
          \printfield{extraalpha}}}}
     {\setlength{\labelwidth}{\labelnumberwidth}%\labelnumberwidth or \labelalphawidth
      \setlength{\leftmargin}{\labelwidth}%
      \setlength{\labelsep}{\biblabelsep}%
      \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelsep}%
      \setlength{\itemsep}{\bibitemsep}%
      \setlength{\parsep}{\bibparsep}}%
      \renewcommand*{\makelabel}[1]{##1\hss}}% \hss##1
  {\endlist}
  {\item}

\DeclareFieldFormat{doi}{\printtext[bibhyperref]{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat{url}{\printtext[bibhyperref]{#1}}



% \DeclareNameFormat[article]{author}{\dotfill #1 \dotfill}
%\DeclareFieldFormat[article,incollection]{title}{\bf #1\isdot}
\DeclareFieldFormat[article,incollection]{title}{\enquote{#1}}%\isdot}
\DeclareFieldFormat{journaltitle}{\emph{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat[article,incollection]{volume}{#1}
\DeclareFieldFormat[article]{number}{#1}
\DeclareFieldFormat{pages}{S.~#1}
\DeclareFieldFormat{year}{#1}


\DeclareBibliographyDriver{article}{%
  \usebibmacro{bibindex}%
  \usebibmacro{begentry}%
\begin{tabular}{>{\RaggedRight}p{0.2\textwidth}>{\RaggedRight}p{0.68\textwidth}}\\ 
  \printnames{author} & 
    \printfield{title}\newunit \printfield{year}\newunit  
    \printfield{journaltitle}\newunit \printfield{volume}\newunit
    \printfield{number}\newunit \printfield{pages}\newunit 
    \printfield{url}\newunit \printfield{doi}\newunit \\%
\end{tabular}
\vspace{1em}% 1em
\hrule
\usebibmacro{finentry}}

\begin{document}
\nocite{*} \cite{mwe2011}
\printbibliography[title=My example articles]
\end{document}

为了节省一点空间，最好将标签旋转 90 度。如果您不想这样做，请更改代码

   {\rotatebox[origin=c]{90}{
     \printtext[labelalphawidth]{% mkbibslashes
       \printfield{prefixnumber}%
       \printfield{labelalpha}%
       \printfield{extraalpha}}%
        %\addspace%
        %\MakeSentenceCase{\thefield{entrytype}}%
   }}

到

   {%\rotatebox[origin=c]{90}{
     \printtext[labelalphawidth]{% mkbibslashes
       \printfield{prefixnumber}%
       \printfield{labelalpha}%
       \printfield{extraalpha}}%
        %\addspace%
        %\MakeSentenceCase{\thefield{entrytype}}%
   }%}

并改变行

  {\setlength{\labelwidth}{\labelnumberwidth}%\labelnumberwidth or \labelalphawidth

到

 {\setlength{\labelwidth}{\labelalphawidth}%\labelnumberwidth or \labelalphawidth

我添加了一些bib条目来向您显示您需要添加相关的驱动程序book等等。

使用代码

\begin{tabular}{>{\RaggedRight}p{0.2\textwidth}>{\RaggedRight}p{0.68\textwidth}}\\ 
  \printnames{author} & 
    \printfield{title}\newunit \printfield{year}\newunit  
    \printfield{journaltitle}\newunit \printfield{volume}\newunit 
    \printfield{number}\newunit \printfield{pages}\newunit 
    \printfield{url}\newunit \printfield{doi}\newunit \\%
\end{tabular}

我根据您的需要定义了所需的表格。请注意，您必须调整两列的宽度p{0.2\textwidth}和p{0.68\textwidth}。{\RaggedRight}我强制使用左边两列的布局均合理（更好，因为行变得很短）。

这两条线

\renewcommand*{\newunitpunct}{\addcomma\space}
\renewcommand*{\finentrypunct}{}                  % no punct after entry

将单位之间的符号更改为逗号（如屏幕截图所示）并删除每个条目的结束标点。

最后两行

\vspace{1em}% 1em
\hrule

用水平线分隔每个打印条目。我个人不喜欢这样，会删除它。

您需要为其他类型的条目添加类似的驱动程序...

然后我得到结果：

请注意，这是一个起点，您需要完成它。但是有了给定的信息，应该可以……

Answer 1