如何去掉图片中的部分轮廓？

Question

我想要画这个图形，由五个圆圈叠加而成。

但，我无法摆脱出现的轮廓。

\documentclass[addpoints,12pt]{exam}    
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}       
\usepackage[portuguese,brazil]{babel}     
\usepackage{mathptmx}       
\usepackage{babel}    
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}        
\usepackage[a4paper,bottom=2cm]{geometry}     
\usepackage{multicol}           
\usepackage{textcomp}    
\usepackage{tikz}       
    \begin{center}    
\begin{tikzpicture}    
\draw  (0,0) circle [radius=1];    
\draw (0.5,0.5) circle [radius=1];    
\draw (0.5,-0.5) circle [radius=1];    
\draw (-0.5,0.5) circle [radius=1];    
\draw (-0.5,-0.5) circle [radius=1];
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}
\end{document}

Answer 1

也可以通过裁剪来解决这个问题。这样可以避免圆圈的背景被白色填充。

通过使用 将圆与整个绘图区域组合，可以从剪切路径中排除圆的区域even odd rule。圆区域被覆盖两次，因此被排除（均匀）。需要对与要绘制的圆重叠的每个圆重复此操作。

示例文件：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[radius=1, even odd rule]
  \path
    % Define center points of the circles
    ( .5,  .5) coordinate (Z)
    ( .5, -.5) coordinate (V)
    (-.5, -.5) coordinate (W)
    (-.5,  .5) coordinate (Y)
    (  0,   0) coordinate (X)
    % Simulated drawing of the circles to get the bounding box
    \foreach \M in {V, ..., Z} {(\M) circle[]}
    % The bounding box needs to be increased by half of the line width.
    % Also a small amount is additionally added to avoid cutting
    % the curves because of rounding issues.
    (current bounding box.south west) ++(-.5\pgflinewidth, -.5\pgflinewidth)
      ++(-.1pt, -1.pt)
    (current bounding box.north east) ++(.5\pgflinewidth, .5\pgflinewidth)
      ++(.1pt, .1pt)
    % Shorter names
    (current bounding box.south west) coordinate (ll)
    (current bounding box.north east) coordinate (ur)
  ;

  % Circle Z
  \begin{scope}
    \foreach \M in {V, X, Y} {% W is already covered by V, X, Y
      \clip (ll) rectangle (ur) (\M) circle[];
    }
    \draw (Z) circle[];
  \end{scope}

  % Circle V
  \begin{scope}
    \foreach \M in {W, X} {% Y is covered
      \clip (ll) rectangle (ur) (\M) circle[];
    }
    \draw (V) circle[];
  \end{scope}

  % Circle W
  \begin{scope}
    \foreach \M in {X, Y} {%
      \clip (ll) rectangle (ur) (\M) circle[];
    }
    \draw (W) circle[];
  \end{scope}

  % Circle Y
  \begin{scope}
    \clip (ll) rectangle (ur) (X) circle[];
    \draw (Y) circle[];
  \end{scope}

  % Circle X
  \draw (X) circle[];

  % Annotations
  \node at (  0,  0) {$X$};
  \node at ( .9, .9) {$Z$};
  \node at (-.9, .9) {$Y$};
  \node at (-.9,-.9) {$W$};
  \node at ( .9,-.9) {$V$};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Answer 2

使用选项fill=white，您可以在之前绘制的线条上方绘制填充的白色圆盘。请注意圆盘的顺序发生了变化，以及代码已清理。

\documentclass[]{article}    
\usepackage{tikz}  

\begin{document}    
\begin{tikzpicture}    
\draw[fill=white] (0.5,0.5) circle [radius=1];    
\draw[fill=white] (0.5,-0.5) circle [radius=1];    
\draw[fill=white] (-0.5,-0.5) circle [radius=1];
\draw[fill=white] (-0.5,0.5) circle [radius=1];    
\draw[fill=white]  (0,0) circle [radius=1];    

\node at (0,0) {X};
\node at (0.875,0.875) {Z};
\node at (-0.875,0.875) {Y};
\node at (-0.875,-0.875) {W};
\node at (0.875,-0.875) {V};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}