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子图和子标题对齐不佳

tag-icon • tag-icon subfloats subcaption
子图和子标题对齐不佳

我有下图，包含三个子图：

我的身影

我正在使用以下代码来生成它/它们：

\begin{figure}[htbp]%
\tikzstyle{morpho} = [circle,draw,minimum size=1cm,thick,fill=white,font=\tiny]%
\tikzstyle{grouping} = [thick,rounded corners=5pt,fill=#1!20]%
\pgfmathsetmacro{\O}{0.6}%
\pgfmathsetmacro{\P}{1.5}%
\centering
\begin{subfigure}[b]{0.3\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}
\coordinate (A)  at (0,0);
\coordinate (O)  at (\P,0);
\coordinate (Sa) at (0,-\P);
\coordinate (Ss) at (\P,-\P);
\draw[grouping=blue]
    ($(A)+(-\O,\O)$) --($(A)+(\O,\O)$)  -- ($(Sa)+(\O,\O)$) --
    ($(Ss)+(\O,\O)$) -- ($(Ss)+(\O,-\O)$) -- ($(Sa)+(-\O,-\O)$) -- cycle;
\draw[grouping=red]
    ($(O)+(-\O,\O)$) -- ($(O)+(\O,\O)$) -- ($(O)+(\O,-\O)$) -- ($(O)+(-\O,-\O)$) -- cycle;
\node[morpho] at (A)  {Agent};
\node[morpho] at (O)  {Patient};
\node[morpho] at (Sa) {Active};
\node[morpho] at (Ss) {Stative};
\end{tikzpicture}
\caption{Nominative-Accusative}
\end{subfigure}
\begin{subfigure}[b]{0.3\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}
\coordinate (A)  at (0,0);
\coordinate (O)  at (\P,0);
\coordinate (Sa) at (0,-\P);
\coordinate (Ss) at (\P,-\P);
\draw[grouping=red]
    ($(O)+(-\O,\O)$) --($(O)+(\O,\O)$)  -- ($(Ss)+(\O,-\O)$) --
    ($(Sa)+(-\O,-\O)$) -- ($(Sa)+(-\O,\O)$) -- ($(Ss)+(-\O,\O)$) -- cycle;
\draw[grouping=blue]
    ($(A)+(-\O,\O)$) -- ($(A)+(\O,\O)$) -- ($(A)+(\O,-\O)$) -- ($(A)+(-\O,-\O)$) -- cycle;
\node[morpho] at (A)  {Agent};
\node[morpho] at (O)  {Patient};
\node[morpho] at (Sa) {Active};
\node[morpho] at (Ss) {Stative};
\end{tikzpicture}
\caption{Ergative-Absolutive}
\end{subfigure}
\begin{subfigure}[b]{0.3\textwidth}%
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}
\coordinate (A)  at (0,0);
\coordinate (O)  at (\P,0);
\coordinate (Sa) at (0,-\P);
\coordinate (Ss) at (\P,-\P);
\draw[grouping=red]
    ($(O)+(-\O,\O)$) -- ($(O)+(\O,\O)$) -- ($(O)+(\O,-\O)$) -- ($(O)+(-\O,-\O)$) -- cycle;
\draw[grouping=blue]
    ($(A)+(-\O,\O)$) -- ($(A)+(\O,\O)$) -- ($(A)+(\O,-\O)$) -- ($(A)+(-\O,-\O)$) -- cycle;
\draw[grouping=green]
    ($(Sa)+(-\O,\O)$) --($(Ss)+(\O,\O)$)  -- ($(Ss)+(\O,-\O)$) -- ($(Sa)+(-\O,-\O)$) -- cycle;
\node[morpho] at (A)  {Agent};
\node[morpho] at (O)  {Patient};
\node[morpho] at (Sa) {Active};
\node[morpho] at (Ss) {Stative};
\end{tikzpicture}
\caption{Ergative-Accusative (Tripartite)}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{Morphosyntactic Alignments}
\end{figure}

这样做有几个明显的问题。首先，图画的顶部没有对齐（看起来 LaTeX 是与标题的底部对齐的）。其次，标题本身看起来非常丑陋。对于图 5.1a，在“Nominative-”前面有一个前导空格。对于图 5.1c，我认为文本的布局看起来不太好。而不是

(c)   Ergative-Accusative
(Tripartite)

我更喜欢

(c)   Ergative-Accusative
      (Tripartite)

更新：

因此，感谢一位评论者，我能够找出对齐问题：我忘记了最初复制/粘贴的示例中留下的“b”选项。这是我现在的输出：

在此处输入图片描述

我将每个子图的宽度从文本宽度的 0.3 增加到 0.32，这样“主格-宾格”就不再有换行符了。但是，我仍然遇到 5.1c 的问题。它有前导空格，看起来很糟糕，我不知道如何让它对齐，如前所述。我还应该提到我正在使用该subcaption软件包。

答案1

让我将我的评论转换为答案：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usepackage{ragged2e}% <-- added package
\usepackage[justification=RaggedRight,
            format=hang]{subcaption}% <-- definition of the subcaption format 

\begin{document}
    \begin{figure}
\tikzset{% <-- \tikzstyle is replaced by \tikzset
  morpho/.style = {circle,draw,thick,
                   fill=white,minimum size=1cm,
                   inner sep=2pt,% <-- changed inner sep
                   font=\scriptsize},% <-- changed font size
grouping/.style = {thick,rounded corners=5pt,fill=#1!20}
        }
\pgfmathsetmacro{\O}{0.6}%
\pgfmathsetmacro{\P}{1.5}%

\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.32\textwidth}% <--- increased size of subfigure
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}
\coordinate (A)  at (0,0);
\coordinate (O)  at (\P,0);
\coordinate (Sa) at (0,-\P);
\coordinate (Ss) at (\P,-\P);
\draw[grouping=blue]
    ($(A)+(-\O,\O)$) --($(A)+(\O,\O)$)  -- ($(Sa)+(\O,\O)$) --
    ($(Ss)+(\O,\O)$) -- ($(Ss)+(\O,-\O)$) -- ($(Sa)+(-\O,-\O)$) -- cycle;
\draw[grouping=red]
    ($(O)+(-\O,\O)$) -- ($(O)+(\O,\O)$) -- ($(O)+(\O,-\O)$) -- ($(O)+(-\O,-\O)$) -- cycle;
\node[morpho] at (A)  {Agent};
\node[morpho] at (O)  {Patient};
\node[morpho] at (Sa) {Active};
\node[morpho] at (Ss) {Stative};
\end{tikzpicture}
    \caption{Nominative-Accusative}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.32\textwidth}% <--- increased size of subfigure
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}
\coordinate (A)  at (0,0);
\coordinate (O)  at (\P,0);
\coordinate (Sa) at (0,-\P);
\coordinate (Ss) at (\P,-\P);
\draw[grouping=red]
    ($(O)+(-\O,\O)$) --($(O)+(\O,\O)$)  -- ($(Ss)+(\O,-\O)$) --
    ($(Sa)+(-\O,-\O)$) -- ($(Sa)+(-\O,\O)$) -- ($(Ss)+(-\O,\O)$) -- cycle;
\draw[grouping=blue]
    ($(A)+(-\O,\O)$) -- ($(A)+(\O,\O)$) -- ($(A)+(\O,-\O)$) -- ($(A)+(-\O,-\O)$) -- cycle;
\node[morpho] at (A)  {Agent};
\node[morpho] at (O)  {Patient};
\node[morpho] at (Sa) {Active};
\node[morpho] at (Ss) {Stative};
\end{tikzpicture}
\caption{Ergative-Absolutive}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.32\textwidth}% <--- increased size of subfigure
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}
\coordinate (A)  at (0,0);
\coordinate (O)  at (\P,0);
\coordinate (Sa) at (0,-\P);
\coordinate (Ss) at (\P,-\P);
\draw[grouping=red]
    ($(O)+(-\O,\O)$) -- ($(O)+(\O,\O)$) -- ($(O)+(\O,-\O)$) -- ($(O)+(-\O,-\O)$) -- cycle;
\draw[grouping=blue]
    ($(A)+(-\O,\O)$) -- ($(A)+(\O,\O)$) -- ($(A)+(\O,-\O)$) -- ($(A)+(-\O,-\O)$) -- cycle;
\draw[grouping=green]
    ($(Sa)+(-\O,\O)$) --($(Ss)+(\O,\O)$)  -- ($(Ss)+(\O,-\O)$) -- ($(Sa)+(-\O,-\O)$) -- cycle;
\node[morpho] at (A)  {Agent};
\node[morpho] at (O)  {Patient};
\node[morpho] at (Sa) {Active};
\node[morpho] at (Ss) {Stative};
\end{tikzpicture}
\caption{Ergative-Accusative (Tripartite)}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{Morphosyntactic Alignments}
    \end{figure}
\end{document}

上述 MWE 给出：

在此处输入图片描述

主标题的格式保留为article文档类中定义的默认设置。可以使用caption包进行更改。

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