防止图形 xticklabels 拉伸

Question

我需要将我的x-labels设置pgfplots为矢量图形。如何防止图形x-labels 拉伸？

下面是一个可以重现我的问题的 MWE。绘制的矩形和圆形在 -x轴以下被拉伸和扭曲（圆形变成了椭圆）。

我正在寻找一种方法，使图形标签的纵横比不受轴尺寸的影响，类似于数字作为轴标签打印的方式，即xticklabels={0, 90, 180, 270, 360}。无论轴的尺寸是多少，如果xticklabels只是数字，结果都会非常漂亮，并且具有正确且合适的纵横比。我希望当我使用图形而不是纯数字/文本时能够得到同样的东西xticklabels。

\documentclass[border=5mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepackage{tkz-euclide}  
\usetikzlibrary{patterns}
\begin{filecontents*}{data.csv}
    a,b,c
    0,4,1
    90,3,2
    180,5,3
    270,1,4
    360,3,5
\end{filecontents*}

\newcommand{\mL}{5}
\newcommand{\mW}{30}

\pgfplotsset{compat=newest,height = 10cm, width = 20cm}

\pgfplotsset{minor grid style={dotted}}


\newcommand{\myGfxLabels}[1]
    {
        \begin{tikzpicture}
            \tkzDefPoint( {\mL},-{\mW}){B};
            \foreach \xDelta in {0}
            {
                \draw[->,line width=1pt,rotate={0},red] ({\mL+\xDelta}, -{1.5*\mW}) -- ({\mL+\xDelta},-{\mW});
            } 
            \draw[fill=red!50!yellow,pattern=north east lines,shift={(0 cm,0 cm)},rotate around={-#1:(B)},xscale=1,yscale=1,] ({\mL}, {\mW}) -- ({\mL},-{\mW}) -- (-{\mL},-{\mW}) -- (-{\mL},{\mW}) -- ({\mL}, {\mW});
            \draw[] (B) circle ({\mL});
        \end{tikzpicture}
    }



\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}
    \begin{axis}
        [   
            xlabel={$\phi$},
            ylabel={$dL_{\rm cavity}$},
            xtick={0, 90, 180, 270, 360},
            xticklabels={\myGfxLabels{0}, \myGfxLabels{90}, \myGfxLabels{180}, \myGfxLabels{270}, \myGfxLabels{360}},
            smooth,
            grid=both,
            minor tick num=2,
            title={Title},
        ]
        \addplot+ table [x=a, y=b,col sep=comma] {data.csv};


    \end{axis}
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Answer 1

将图形和图表结合起来的最佳方法是将坐标保存在轴环境内，然后在外面绘制图形。我调整了\mL、\mW和yshift以适应。

\documentclass[border=5mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
%\usepackage{tkz-euclide}
\usetikzlibrary{patterns}
\usepackage{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents*}{data.csv}
    a,b,c
    0,4,1
    90,3,2
    180,5,3
    270,1,4
    360,3,5
\end{filecontents*}

\newcommand{\mL}{.1}
\newcommand{\mW}{.6}

\newlength{\xshift}

\pgfplotsset{compat=newest,height = 10cm, width = 20cm}

\pgfplotsset{minor grid style={dotted}}


\newcommand{\myGfxLabels}[2]% #1=x, #2=anchor
    {
        \pgfextractx{\xshift}{\pgfpointanchor{#2}{center}}%
        \begin{scope}[xshift=\xshift,yshift={-\mW cm}]
            \coordinate (B) at ( {\mL},-{\mW});
            \foreach \xDelta in {0}
            {
                \draw[->,line width=1pt,rotate={0},red] ({\mL+\xDelta}, -{1.5*\mW}) -- ({\mL+\xDelta},-{\mW});
            } 
            \draw[fill=red!50!yellow,pattern=north east lines,shift={(0 cm,0 cm)},rotate around={-#1:(B)}] ({\mL}, {\mW}) -- ({\mL},-{\mW}) -- (-{\mL},-{\mW}) -- (-{\mL},{\mW}) -- ({\mL}, {\mW});
            \draw[] (B) circle ({\mL});
        \end{scope}
    }

\begin{document}

    \begin{tikzpicture}
    \begin{axis}
        [   
            xlabel={$\phi$},
            ylabel={$dL_{\rm cavity}$},
            xtick={0, 90, 180, 270, 360},
            xticklabels=\empty,
            smooth,
            grid=both,
            minor tick num=2,
            title={Title},
        ]
        \addplot+ table [x=a, y=b,col sep=comma] {data.csv};
        \coordinate (tick0) at (0,0);
        \coordinate (tick90) at (90,0);
        \coordinate (tick180) at (180,0);
        \coordinate (tick270) at (270,0);
        \coordinate (tick360) at (360,0);
    \end{axis}
    \myGfxLabels{0}{tick0}
    \myGfxLabels{90}{tick90}
    \myGfxLabels{180}{tick180}
    \myGfxLabels{270}{tick270}
    \myGfxLabels{360}{tick360}

    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}