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如何将纯文本嵌入数学模式？

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如何将纯文本嵌入数学模式？

我真的不明白这段代码有什么问题：

\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article}

\usepackage{amsmath} % declares a predefined package for math

\begin{document} %starts document

\begin{align} %starts a formula block
\text{Number of looks in\newline azimuth direction 
    &= \frac{\text{Pixel spacing slant range}}{\text{Pixel spacing azimuth}}\times \sin (\text{Incidence angle})}\\
    &= \frac{9.3685143}{3.5448059\times \sin (23.871\circ)}
\end{align} %ends formula block

\end{document} %ends document

当我尝试构建并运行时，出现一堆错误，包括：

line 11: Misplaced alignment tab character &. \end{align}
line 11: Missing $ inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Misplaced alignment tab character &. \end{align}
line 11: Missing $ inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Misplaced alignment tab character &. \end{align}
line 11: Missing $ inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Misplaced alignment tab character &. \end{align}
line 11: Missing $ inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Misplaced alignment tab character &. \end{align}
line 11: Misplaced \omit. \end{align}
line 11: Misplaced \cr. \end{align}
line 11: Misplaced \noalign. \end{align}
line 11: Missing $ inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing } inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing } inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing } inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing } inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing $ inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing } inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing } inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing } inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing } inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing $ inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing } inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing } inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing } inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing } inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing $ inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing } inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing } inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing } inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing } inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing $ inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing } inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing { inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing } inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing { inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing } inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing { inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing } inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing } inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing } inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing } inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing } inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing \cr inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing { inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing { inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Missing $ inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Missing } inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Misplaced alignment tab character &. \end{align}
line 11: Misplaced \omit. \end{align}
line 11: Misplaced \cr. \end{align}
line 11: Misplaced \cr. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten \endgroup. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten \endgroup. \end{align}
line 11: Missing number, treated as zero. \end{align}
line 11: Illegal unit of measure (pt inserted). \end{align}
line 11: Missing number, treated as zero. \end{align}
line 11: Illegal unit of measure (pt inserted). \end{align}
line 11: Improper \halign inside $$'s. \end{align}
line 11: Misplaced alignment tab character &. \end{align}
line 11: Missing $ inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Misplaced alignment tab character &. \end{align}
line 11: Missing $ inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Misplaced alignment tab character &. \end{align}
line 11: Missing $ inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Misplaced alignment tab character &. \end{align}
line 11: Missing $ inserted. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}
line 11: Extra }, or forgotten $. \end{align}

如您所知，第 11 行是：\end{align}

答案1

您可能希望实现这一点：

enter image description here

\text第一次你应该使用哪个\parbox选项来写两行文本。之后你需要用花括号来清理解决方案：

\begin{document} %starts document

\begin{align} %starts a formula block
\parbox{8.5em}{Number of looks in\\ azimuth direction}
    &= \frac{\text{Pixel spacing slant range}}
            {\text{Pixel spacing azimuth}}\times \sin (\text{Incidence angle})\\
    &= \frac{9.3685143}{3.5448059\times \sin (23.871^\circ)}
\end{align} %ends formula block

\end{document}

附录： 考虑到 Andrew Swann 的评论，使用siunitx单位并使用包使文本宽度稍微宽一些，geometry我获得：

enter image description here

\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article}
\usepackage[showframe]{geometry} % show page layout and make text width wider ...
                                 % in final use option "showframe" had to be removed
\usepackage{amsmath} % declares a predefined package for math
\usepackage{siunitx}

\begin{document} %starts document

\begin{align} %starts a formula block
\parbox{8.3em}{\centering Number of looks in\\ azimuth direction}
    &= \frac{\text{Pixel spacing slant range}}
            {\text{Pixel spacing azimuth}\times \sin (\text{Incidence angle})}\\[1ex]
    &= \frac{9.3685143}{3.5448059\times \sin (\SI{23.871}{\degree})}
\end{align} %ends formula block

\end{document}

编辑： 看来这个因子\sin{...}必须放在分母中。我纠正了我对给定 MWE 的误解。上面的我的 MWE 和方程式图像现已更正。

答案2

一种稍微不同的方法（除了使用\parbox），通过应用更通用的\genfrac命令并将其用于\textfrac。

根据 Tobi 的上述评论，OP 提供的方程式在 的位置方面存在错误\sin。

我也用它siunitx来显示角度值。

\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article}

\usepackage{siunitx}
\usepackage{amsmath} % declares a predefined package for math

\newcommand{\textfrac}[2]{\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{0}{\text{#1}}{\text{#2}}}
\begin{document} %starts document


\begin{align} %starts a formula block
  \textfrac{Number of looks}{in azimuth direction}
    &= \frac{\text{Pixel spacing slant range}}{\text{Pixel spacing azimuth}\times \sin \left(\text{Incidence angle}\right)}\\
    &= \frac{9.3685143}{3.5448059\times \sin (\SI{23.871}{\degree})}
\end{align} %ends formula block

\end{document} %ends document

enter image description here

答案3

您不能\newline在 中使用\text。左侧的两行描述符可以用 完成tabular，因此您不必猜测宽度。这里我使用居中，您可以选择左对齐。

\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}

\begin{document}

\begin{align}
\begin{tabular}{@{}c@{}}
  Number of looks in\\
  azimuth direction
\end{tabular}
    &= \frac{\text{Pixel spacing slant range}}
            {\text{Pixel spacing azimuth}\times\sin (\text{Incidence angle})} \\
    &= \frac{9.3685143}{3.5448059\times \sin (23.871^\circ)}
\end{align}

\end{document}

enter image description here

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