您好，我正在尝试制作上面的长表（它还有一页），但我无法将标题作为图片和文本对齐，有人可以帮帮我吗？
\begin{center}
\begin{longtable}{p{2.5cm} p{6cm} p{3cm} p{3cm} p{3cm}}
\hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{Preventive Maintenance Treatment}} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{Description}} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{Triggering Distresses}} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{Extended Pavement Service Life}} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{Cost/lane mile (2009 dollars)}} \\ \hline
\endfirsthead
\multicolumn{5}{c}%
{{\bfseries \tablename\ \thetable{} -- (Cont.) Summary of Techniques used to Support Multi-Objective Optimization Models \citep{Wu2012}.}} \\
\hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{Preventive Maintenance Treatment}} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{Description}} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{Triggering Distresses}} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{Extended Pavement Service Life}} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{Cost/lane mile (2009 dollars)}} \\ \hline
\endhead
\hline \multicolumn{5}{r}{{Continued on next page}} \\
\endfoot
\hline
\endlastfoot
\textbf{Thin overlay}
&
A HMA overlay with one lift of surface course generally with a thickness of 38 mm or less.
&
cracking (transverse, longitudinal, alligator and block); rutting; ride quality and ravelling.
&
ranges from 3 to 23 years.
&
$\$$29,409 to $\$$249,699
\\
\textbf{Chip Seal}
&
The pavement is sprayed with asphalt (generally emulsified) and then immediately covered with aggregate and rolled. Chip seals are used primarily to seal the surface of a pavement with non load-associated cracks and to improve surface friction,
although they also are commonly used as a wearing course on low volume roads .
&
cracking (transverse, longitudinal, alligator and block) and ravelling.
&
ranges from 3 to 8 years.
&
$\$$6,732 to $\$$145,976
\\
\textbf{Microsurfacing}
&
A mixture of polymer modified asphalt emulsion, mineral aggregate, mineral filler, water, and other additives, properly proportioned, mixed, and spread on a paved surface. Microsurfacing differs from slurry seal in that it can be used on high volume roadways to correct wheel path rutting and provide a skid resistant pavement surface.
&
cracking (transverse, longitudinal, alligator and block) and shallow rutting.
&
ranges from 3 to 8 years.
&
$\$$19,436 to $\$$32,698
\\
\textbf{Slurry seal}
& A mixture of slow setting emulsified asphalt, well graded fine aggregate, mineral filler, and water. It is used to fill cracks and seal areas of old pavements, to restore a uniform surface texture, to seal the surface to prevent moisture and air intrusion into the pavement, and to improve skid resistance.
&
ride quality and cracking
&
ranges from 4 to 7 years.
&
$\$$26,505 to $\$$32,542
\\
\textbf{Crack sealing}
& A maintenance procedure that involves placement of specialized materials into working cracks (Crack in a pavement that undergo significant deflection and thermal opening and closing movements greater than 2 mm, typically oriented
transverse to the pavement centreline) using unique configurations to reduce the intrusion of incompressibles into the crack and to prevent infiltration of water into the underlying pavement layers.
& cracking (transverse, longitudinal, alligator and block).
& ranges from 0 to 4 years.
&
$\$$883 to $\$$9,792
\\
\textbf{Fog seal}
& A light application of slow setting asphalt emulsion diluted with water and without the addition of any aggregate applied to the surface of a bituminous pavement. Fog seals are used to renew aged asphalt surfaces, seal small cracks and
surface voids, or adjust the quality of binder in newly applied chip seals.
& cracking (transverse, longitudinal, alligator and block) and patching.
& ranges from 4 to 5 years.
&
$\$$1,029 to $\$$211,579
\\
\textbf{Mill and resurfacing}
& The old oxidized surface of HMA is removed and replaced with new material. Generally, the old surface has become brittle and cracked and the replacement surface provides improved protection to the underlying layers.
& cracking (transverse, longitudinal, alligator and block), ride quality and rutting.
& ranges from 4 to 20 years.
&
$\$$63,612 to $\$$679,684
\\
\textbf{Cold in-place recycling}
& A process in which a portion of an existing bituminous pavement is pulverized or milled, and then the reclaimed material is mixed with new binder and, when needed, virgin aggregates. The binder used most often is emulsified asphalt with
or without a softening agent. The resultant blend is placed as a base for a subsequent overlay or surface treatment.
& cracking (transverse, longitudinal, alligator and block) and ride quality.
& ranges from 4 to 17 years.
&
$\$$44,176 to $\$$337,525
\\
\textbf{Hot in-place recycling}
& A process which consists of softening the existing asphalt surface with heat, mechanically removing
the surface material, mixing the material with a recycling agent, adding virgin asphalt and aggregate to the material (if required), and then replacing the material on the pavement.
& cracking (transverse, longitudinal, alligator and block) and rutting
& ranges from 3 to 8 years.
&
$\$$31,136 to $\$$130,383
\\
\end{longtable}
\end{center}
答案1
这仅仅是一个开始：
% arara: pdflatex
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[english]{babel}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{natbib}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{array}
\newcolumntype{C}[1]{>{\centering\arraybackslash}m{#1}}
\usepackage{microtype}
\begin{document}
\begin{longtable}{C{2.5cm} m{6cm} C{3cm} C{3cm} C{3cm}}
\toprule
\textbf{Preventive Maintenance Treatment} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{Description}} & \textbf{Triggering Distresses} & \textbf{Extended Pavement Service Life} & \textbf{Cost/lane mile (2009 dollars)} \\
\midrule
\endfirsthead
\multicolumn{5}{c}%
{{\bfseries \tablename\ \thetable{} -- (Cont.) Summary of Techniques used to Support Multi-Objective Optimization Models \citep{Wu2012}.}} \\
\midrule
\textbf{Preventive Maintenance Treatment} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{Description}} & \textbf{Triggering Distresses} & \textbf{Extended Pavement Service Life} & \textbf{Cost/lane mile (2009 dollars)} \\
\midrule
\endhead
\midrule
\multicolumn{5}{r}{{Continued on next page}} \\
\endfoot
\bottomrule
\endlastfoot
\textbf{Thin overlay}
&
A HMA overlay with one lift of surface course generally with a thickness of 38 mm or less.
&
cracking (transverse, longitudinal, alligator and block); rutting; ride quality and ravelling.
&
ranges from 3 to 23 years.
&
$\$$29,409 to $\$$249,699 \\
\textbf{Chip Seal}
&
The pavement is sprayed with asphalt (generally emulsified) and then immediately covered with aggregate and rolled. Chip seals are used primarily to seal the surface of a pavement with non load-associated cracks and to improve surface friction,
although they also are commonly used as a wearing course on low volume roads .
&
cracking (transverse, longitudinal, alligator and block) and ravelling.
&
ranges from 3 to 8 years.
&
$\$$6,732 to $\$$145,976 \\
\textbf{Microsurfacing}
&
A mixture of polymer modified asphalt emulsion, mineral aggregate, mineral filler, water, and other additives, properly proportioned, mixed, and spread on a paved surface. Microsurfacing differs from slurry seal in that it can be used on high volume roadways to correct wheel path rutting and provide a skid resistant pavement surface.
&
cracking (transverse, longitudinal, alligator and block) and shallow rutting.
&
ranges from 3 to 8 years.
&
$\$$19,436 to $\$$32,698
\\
\textbf{Slurry seal}
& A mixture of slow setting emulsified asphalt, well graded fine aggregate, mineral filler, and water. It is used to fill cracks and seal areas of old pavements, to restore a uniform surface texture, to seal the surface to prevent moisture and air intrusion into the pavement, and to improve skid resistance.
&
ride quality and cracking
&
ranges from 4 to 7 years.
&
$\$$26,505 to $\$$32,542
\\
\textbf{Crack sealing}
& A maintenance procedure that involves placement of specialized materials into working cracks (Crack in a pavement that undergo significant deflection and thermal opening and closing movements greater than 2 mm, typically oriented
transverse to the pavement centreline) using unique configurations to reduce the intrusion of incompressibles into the crack and to prevent infiltration of water into the underlying pavement layers.
& cracking (transverse, longitudinal, alligator and block).
& ranges from 0 to 4 years.
&
$\$$883 to $\$$9,792
\\
\textbf{Fog seal}
& A light application of slow setting asphalt emulsion diluted with water and without the addition of any aggregate applied to the surface of a bituminous pavement. Fog seals are used to renew aged asphalt surfaces, seal small cracks and
surface voids, or adjust the quality of binder in newly applied chip seals.
& cracking (transverse, longitudinal, alligator and block) and patching.
& ranges from 4 to 5 years.
&
$\$$1,029 to $\$$211,579
\\
\textbf{Mill and resurfacing}
& The old oxidized surface of HMA is removed and replaced with new material. Generally, the old surface has become brittle and cracked and the replacement surface provides improved protection to the underlying layers.
& cracking (transverse, longitudinal, alligator and block), ride quality and rutting.
& ranges from 4 to 20 years.
&
$\$$63,612 to $\$$679,684
\\
\textbf{Cold in-place recycling}
& A process in which a portion of an existing bituminous pavement is pulverized or milled, and then the reclaimed material is mixed with new binder and, when needed, virgin aggregates. The binder used most often is emulsified asphalt with
or without a softening agent. The resultant blend is placed as a base for a subsequent overlay or surface treatment.
& cracking (transverse, longitudinal, alligator and block) and ride quality.
& ranges from 4 to 17 years.
&
$\$$44,176 to $\$$337,525
\\
\textbf{Hot in-place recycling}
& A process which consists of softening the existing asphalt surface with heat, mechanically removing
the surface material, mixing the material with a recycling agent, adding virgin asphalt and aggregate to the material (if required), and then replacing the material on the pavement.
& cracking (transverse, longitudinal, alligator and block) and rutting
& ranges from 3 to 8 years.
&
$\$$31,136 to $\$$130,383
\\
\end{longtable}
\end{document}
请根据自己的需要整理此代码。然后请尽量减少。您提供的代码太大，给我们留下了太多工作。减少到最低限度，提出具体问题！表格甚至不适合这个页面，因此我在这里继续会很麻烦。
请采纳上述建议。我稍后会删除此答案，因为它不完整。
答案2
作为对 LaRiFari 答案的补充：
差异：不大......
- 采用表格适合文本宽度的列宽（由
geometry包决定，选项showframe设置为查看页面布局，在最终文档版本中必须删除） - 字体大小减小到
\small - 减少
\tabcolsep至 3pt - 用于
\caption{...}标题longtable - 添加
\midrule到分隔每个表格行（这里也许最好使用在行\addlinespace之间booktabs添加~3pt 垂直空间，这个空间可以通过选项增加[<space>]）考虑，但是这取决于个人喜好
标题的设计相同。完整的 MWE 是：
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[english]{babel}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
%\usepackage{microtype}
\usepackage{array,booktabs,longtable}
\newcolumntype{C}[1]{>{\centering\arraybackslash}m{#1}}
\usepackage[justification=centering]{caption}
\usepackage{natbib}
\usepackage[showframe]{geometry}
\begin{document}
{
\setlength\tabcolsep{3pt}
\small
\begin{longtable}{@{}C{2.1cm} m{5.5cm} C{2.5cm} C{2cm} C{2cm}@{}}
\caption{Summary of Techniques used to Support Multi-Objective Optimization Models \citep{Wu2012}.}
\label{my table} \\
\toprule
\textbf{Preventive Maintenance Treatment}
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{Description}}
& \textbf{Triggering Distresses}
& \textbf{Extended Pavement Service Life}
& \textbf{Cost/lane mile (2009 dollars)} \\
\midrule
\endfirsthead
\caption{ (cont.) Summary of Techniques used to Support Multi-Objective Optimization Models \citep{Wu2012}.}\\
\midrule
\textbf{Preventive Maintenance Treatment}
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{Description}}
& \textbf{Triggering Distresses}
& \textbf{Extended Pavement Service Life}
& \textbf{Cost/lane mile (2009 dollars)} \\
\midrule
\endhead
% \midrule
\multicolumn{5}{r}{{Continued on next page}} \\
\endfoot
\bottomrule
\endlastfoot
\textbf{Thin overlay}
&
A HMA overlay with one lift of surface course generally with a thickness of 38 mm or less.
&
cracking (transverse, longitudinal, alligator and block); rutting; ride quality and ravelling.
& ranges from 3 to 23 years.
& $\$$29,409 to $\$$249,699 \\
\addlinespace[3pt]%\midrule
\textbf{Chip Seal}
&
The pavement is sprayed with asphalt (generally emulsified) and then immediately covered with aggregate and rolled. Chip seals are used primarily to seal the surface of a pavement with non load-associated cracks and to improve surface friction,
although they also are commonly used as a wearing course on low volume roads .
&
cracking (transverse, longitudinal, alligator and block) and ravelling.
&
ranges from 3 to 8 years.
&
$\$$6,732 to $\$$145,976 \\
\addlinespace[6pt]%\midrule
\textbf{Micro\-surfacing}
&
A mixture of polymer modified asphalt emulsion, mineral aggregate, mineral filler, water, and other additives, properly proportioned, mixed, and spread on a paved surface. Microsurfacing differs from slurry seal in that it can be used on high volume roadways to correct wheel path rutting and provide a skid resistant pavement surface.
&
cracking (transverse, longitudinal, alligator and block) and shallow rutting.
&
ranges from 3 to 8 years.
&
$\$$19,436 to $\$$32,698 \\
\midrule
\textbf{Slurry seal}
& A mixture of slow setting emulsified asphalt, well graded fine aggregate, mineral filler, and water. It is used to fill cracks and seal areas of old pavements, to restore a uniform surface texture, to seal the surface to prevent moisture and air intrusion into the pavement, and to improve skid resistance.
&
ride quality and cracking
&
ranges from 4 to 7 years.
&
$\$$26,505 to $\$$32,542 \\
\midrule
\textbf{Crack sealing}
& A maintenance procedure that involves placement of specialized materials into working cracks (Crack in a pavement that undergo significant deflection and thermal opening and closing movements greater than 2 mm, typically oriented
transverse to the pavement centreline) using unique configurations to reduce the intrusion of incompressibles into the crack and to prevent infiltration of water into the underlying pavement layers.
& cracking (transverse, longitudinal, alligator and block).
& ranges from 0 to 4 years.
&
$\$$883 to $\$$9,792
\\
\midrule
\textbf{Fog seal}
& A light application of slow setting asphalt emulsion diluted with water and without the addition of any aggregate applied to the surface of a bituminous pavement. Fog seals are used to renew aged asphalt surfaces, seal small cracks and
surface voids, or adjust the quality of binder in newly applied chip seals.
& cracking (transverse, longitudinal, alligator and block) and patching.
& ranges from 4 to 5 years.
&
$\$$1,029 to $\$$211,579 \\
\midrule
\textbf{Mill and resurfacing}
& The old oxidized surface of HMA is removed and replaced with new material. Generally, the old surface has become brittle and cracked and the replacement surface provides improved protection to the underlying layers.
& cracking (transverse, longitudinal, alligator and block), ride quality and rutting.
& ranges from 4 to 20 years.
&
$\$$63,612 to $\$$679,684 \\
\midrule
\textbf{Cold in-place recycling}
& A process in which a portion of an existing bituminous pavement is pulverized or milled, and then the reclaimed material is mixed with new binder and, when needed, virgin aggregates. The binder used most often is emulsified asphalt with
or without a softening agent. The resultant blend is placed as a base for a subsequent overlay or surface treatment.
& cracking (transverse, longitudinal, alligator and block) and ride quality.
& ranges from 4 to 17 years.
&
$\$$44,176 to $\$$337,525 \\
\midrule
\textbf{Hot in-place recycling}
& A process which consists of softening the existing asphalt surface with heat, mechanically removing
the surface material, mixing the material with a recycling agent, adding virgin asphalt and aggregate to the material (if required), and then replacing the material on the pavement.
& cracking (transverse, longitudinal, alligator and block) and rutting
& ranges from 3 to 8 years.
&
$\$$31,136 to $\$$130,383 \\
\end{longtable}
}
\end{document}