我的服务器似乎不断重新启动。我想知道为什么。
我如何知道服务器上次重新启动的时间以及原因？
root pts/0 139.193.156.125 Thu Aug 8 21:10 still logged in
reboot system boot 2.6.32-358.11.1. Thu Aug 8 20:38 - 21:11 (00:33)
reboot system boot 2.6.32-358.11.1. Thu Aug 8 20:15 - 21:11 (00:56)
reboot system boot 2.6.32-358.11.1. Thu Aug 8 19:16 - 21:11 (01:55)
reboot system boot 2.6.32-358.11.1. Thu Aug 8 18:56 - 21:11 (02:14)
reboot system boot 2.6.32-358.11.1. Thu Aug 8 18:24 - 21:11 (02:47)
root pts/1 139.193.156.125 Thu Aug 8 18:16 - crash (00:07)
root pts/0 195.254.135.181 Thu Aug 8 18:10 - crash (00:13)
reboot system boot 2.6.32-358.11.1. Thu Aug 8 17:52 - 21:11 (03:19)
root pts/0 195.254.135.181 Thu Aug 8 17:38 - crash (00:13)
reboot system boot 2.6.32-358.11.1. Thu Aug 8 17:08 - 21:11 (04:02)
reboot system boot 2.6.32-358.11.1. Thu Aug 8 16:58 - 21:11 (04:12)
reboot system boot 2.6.32-358.11.1. Thu Aug 8 16:45 - 21:11 (04:26)
reboot system boot 2.6.32-358.11.1. Thu Aug 8 16:35 - 21:11 (04:36)
reboot system boot 2.6.32-358.11.1. Thu Aug 8 16:27 - 21:11 (04:44)
reboot system boot 2.6.32-358.11.1. Thu Aug 8 15:59 - 21:11 (05:12)
reboot system boot 2.6.32-358.11.1. Thu Aug 8 06:15 - 21:11 (14:56)
root pts/1 208.74.121.102 Wed Aug 7 06:03 - 06:04 (00:00)
root pts/1 208.74.121.102 Tue Aug 6 15:34 - 17:40 (02:05)
root pts/0 139.193.156.125 Tue Aug 6 11:28 - 04:40 (1+17:11)
在 Linux 中，有什么方法可以知道系统为什么重新启动吗？具体是高负载导致的吗？如果不是那样那又怎样？
答案1
您可以使用以下 2 个命令 ( who& last) 来查找系统上次重新启动的时间以及有关先前关闭或运行级别更改的消息。
上次系统启动时间？
为此，您可以使用该who命令。具体用-b开关。
$ who -b
system boot 2013-08-01 17:56
这表示系统上次启动时间是 2013 年 8 月 1 日。
过去的重启
如果您有兴趣查看更广泛的以前重新启动的列表，可以使用该last命令。
$ last reboot | less
reboot system boot 2.6.35.14-106.fc Thu Aug 1 17:56 - 02:03 (7+08:06)
reboot system boot 2.6.35.14-106.fc Thu Aug 1 09:41 - 17:55 (08:14)
reboot system boot 2.6.35.14-106.fc Thu Jul 25 15:24 - 17:55 (7+02:31)
reboot system boot 2.6.35.14-106.fc Thu Jul 18 18:05 - 15:23 (6+21:17)
...
过去的系统关闭和运行级别更改？
您last也可以使用该命令来实现此目的。您需要使用-x开关。
$ last -x | less
saml pts/7 :pts/6:S.0 Sat Aug 3 21:30 - 21:30 (00:00)
saml pts/6 :0.0 Sat Aug 3 21:29 - 21:30 (00:01)
saml pts/4 :0.0 Fri Aug 2 21:49 - 22:16 (2+00:26)
saml pts/2 :0.0 Fri Aug 2 13:30 - 22:16 (2+08:45)
saml pts/1 :0.0 Fri Aug 2 13:05 still logged in
saml pts/0 :0.0 Fri Aug 2 12:37 still logged in
saml pts/0 :0.0 Fri Aug 2 12:35 - 12:37 (00:02)
saml pts/0 :0.0 Thu Aug 1 17:58 - 12:35 (18:36)
saml tty1 :0 Thu Aug 1 17:56 still logged in
runlevel (to lvl 5) 2.6.35.14-106.fc Thu Aug 1 17:56 - 02:04 (7+08:08)
reboot system boot 2.6.35.14-106.fc Thu Aug 1 17:56 - 02:04 (7+08:08)
shutdown system down 2.6.35.14-106.fc Thu Aug 1 17:55 - 17:56 (00:00)
runlevel (to lvl 6) 2.6.35.14-106.fc Thu Aug 1 17:55 - 17:55 (00:00)
saml tty2 Thu Aug 1 17:54 - down (00:01)
root tty2 Thu Aug 1 17:53 - 17:54 (00:00)
...
参考
答案2
/var/log/messages
这是您应该检查与此相关的消息的主日志文件。另外/var/log/syslog（Ubuntu）或/var/log/secure（CentOS）
要了解服务器上次重新启动的时间，只需键入uptime即可查看它已运行了多长时间。
答案3
要了解服务器上次重新启动的时间，您可以使用tuptime：
$ tuptime -t
No. Startup Date Uptime Shutdown Date End Downtime
1 10:33:14 01/05/18 45 days, 0 hours, 39 minutes and 55 seconds 11:13:09 02/19/18 BAD 27 days, 21 hours, 51 minutes and 36 seconds
2 09:04:45 03/19/18 37 days, 7 hours, 6 minutes and 58 seconds 17:11:43 04/25/18 BAD 67 days, 18 hours, 36 minutes and 15 seconds
3 11:47:58 07/02/18 6 minutes and 57 seconds 11:54:55 07/02/18 OK 27 seconds
4 11:55:22 07/02/18 1 minute and 28 seconds 11:56:50 07/02/18 BAD 2 minutes and 43 seconds
5 11:59:33 07/02/18 1 minute and 38 seconds 12:01:11 07/02/18 OK 26 seconds
6 12:01:37 07/02/18 6 minutes and 52 seconds 12:08:29 07/02/18 OK 26 seconds
7 12:08:55 07/02/18 14 seconds 12:09:09 07/02/18 BAD 8 minutes and 40 seconds
8 12:17:49 07/02/18 5 minutes and 41 seconds 12:23:30 07/02/18 OK 27 seconds
9 12:23:57 07/02/18 111 days, 19 hours, 56 minutes and 41 seconds
要知道为什么，你需要查看命令journalctl和目录下的文件。/var/log/