TikZ 外部化在 Windows 7 上不起作用

Question

TikZ 外部化无法在装有 Tex Live 2016 的 Windows 7 上运行，我似乎无法找出原因。

我用编译lualatex -shell-escape main.tex，main.tex内容在哪里

\documentclass[a4paper]{report}

\usepackage{float}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{tikzscale}

\usetikzlibrary{external}
\tikzexternalize

\begin{document}
    \begin{figure}[H]
        \begin{center}
            \begin{tikzpicture}
                \begin{axis}
                    [%
                        xmin=0,
                        xmax=100,
                        xmajorgrids,
                        ymin=0,
                        ymax=0.9,
                        ymajorgrids,
                    ]
                    \addplot [color=blue,solid,line width=2.0pt,forget plot] table[row sep=crcr]
                    {
                        5   0.885230548905366\\
                        7   0.706932087191873\\
                        9   0.58113883008419\\
                        11  0.491951469859456\\
                    };
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}
        \end{center}
        \caption{CAPTION.}
        \label{LABEL}
    \end{figure}
\end{document}

我得到了错误

===== 'mode=convert with system call': Invoking 'lualatex -shell-escape -halt-o
n-error -interaction=batchmode -jobname "main-figure0" "\def\tikzexternalrealjo
b{main}\input{main}"' ========
lualatex -shell-escape -halt-on-error -interaction=batchmode -jobname "main-fig
ure0" "\def\tikzexternalrealjob{main}\input{main}"

! Package tikz Error: Sorry, the system call 'lualatex -shell-escape -halt-on-e
rror -interaction=batchmode -jobname "main-figure0" "\def\tikzexternalrealjob{m
ain}\input{main}"' did NOT result in a usable output file 'main-figure0' (expec
ted one of .pdf:.jpg:.jpeg:.png:). Please verify that you have enabled system c
alls. For pdflatex, this is 'pdflatex -shell-escape'. Sometimes it is also name
d 'write 18' or something like that. Or maybe the command simply failed? Error
messages can be found in 'main-figure0.log'. If you continue now, I'll try to t
ypeset the picture.

See the tikz package documentation for explanation.
Type  H <return>  for immediate help.
 ...

l.38                    \end{tikzpicture}

?

它在 Overleaf 上确实有效：

https://www.overleaf.com/read/dtkwynbzqhsp

我究竟做错了什么？

Answer 1

Lualatex 在 '16 版本中发生了很大变化。Latex 团队提供了两个新软件包，它们仍允许您访问已更改的内容。

一个问题是 shell 转义，您可能需要 shellesc 包以及命令行选项。