当我输入 \newtheorem{definition}{Definition}[section] 时，它无法编译！我猜这与我使用的包有关

Question

这个答案使用了biometrika来自的类（和相关文件）http://www.oxfordjournals.org/our_journals/biomet/for_authors/

MWE 中有一些错误，\end{document]应该是\end{document}，环境中的空白行equation会导致错误。amsmath包也被加载了两次。纠正这些错误并使用article类而不是biometrika将启用编译。

然而，该类biometrika却引发了进一步的问题。biometrika该类调用ntheorem与以下程序包存在冲突amsthm，删除amsthm包留下了一个进一步的错误，即该definition定理已经由biometrika类定义，删除该行\newtheorem{definition}{Definition}[section]允许编译（这是建议的，因为definition环境将按照日志的要求出现）。

因此，使用以下示例，我能够编译 OP 的 MWE

%\documentclass[manuscript]{biometrika}
\documentclass[lineno]{biometrika}

\usepackage{amsmath}

%% Please use the following statements for
%% managing the text and math fonts for your papers:
\usepackage{times}
%\usepackage[cmbold]{mathtime}
\usepackage{bm}
\usepackage{natbib}
\usepackage[plain,noend]{algorithm2e}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{tkz-euclide}
\usetkzobj{all} 
\usetikzlibrary{through}
\newcommand{\tikzAngleOfLine}{\tikz@AngleOfLine}
\def\tikz@AngleOfLine(#1)(#2)#3{%
\pgfmathanglebetweenpoints{%
\pgfpointanchor{#1}{center}}{%
\pgfpointanchor{#2}{center}}
\pgfmathsetmacro{#3}{\pgfmathresult}%
} 
\def\roundloop[#1]#2#3{%
 \coordinate (rla) at (#2.east); 
 \path   (#2)--++(#1) coordinate (rlb);
 \tkzTgtFromP(#2,rla)(rlb)            
 \node (rlb) at (rlb) [circle through={(tkzFirstPointResult)}] {};
 \coordinate  (rlc) at (intersection 2 of #2 and rlb);
 \coordinate  (rld) at (intersection 1 of #2 and rlb);         
 \tikzAngleOfLine(rlb)(rld){\AngleStart}
 \tikzAngleOfLine(rlb)(rlc){\AngleEnd} 
 \tikzAngleOfLine(#2)(rlb){\AngleLabel}
 \ifdim\AngleStart pt<\AngleEnd pt
 \draw[red,thick,->]%
   let \p1 = ($ (rlb) - (rld) $), \n2 = {veclen(\x1,\y1)}
   in   
     (rlb) ++(\AngleLabel:\n2) node[fill=white]{#3}
     (rld) arc (\AngleStart:\AngleEnd:\n2); 
 \else 
  \draw[black,thick,->]%
   let \p1 = ($ (rlb) - (rld) $), \n2 = {veclen(\x1,\y1)}
   in   
     (rlb) ++(\AngleLabel:\n2) node[fill=white]{#3}
     (rld) arc (\AngleStart-360:\AngleEnd:\n2); 
   \fi 
  }
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.multipart}

\makeatletter
\renewcommand{\algocf@captiontext}[2]{#1\algocf@typo. \AlCapFnt{}#2} % text of caption
\renewcommand{\AlTitleFnt}[1]{#1\unskip}% default definition
\def\@algocf@capt@plain{top}
\renewcommand{\algocf@makecaption}[2]{%
  \addtolength{\hsize}{\algomargin}%
  \sbox\@tempboxa{\algocf@captiontext{#1}{#2}}%
  \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa >\hsize%     % if caption is longer than a line
    \hskip .5\algomargin%
    \parbox[t]{\hsize}{\algocf@captiontext{#1}{#2}}% then caption is not centered
  \else%
    \global\@minipagefalse%
    \hbox to\hsize{\box\@tempboxa}% else caption is centered
  \fi%
  \addtolength{\hsize}{-\algomargin}%
}

\makeatother

%%% User-defined macros should be placed here, but keep them to a minimum.
\def\Bka{{\it Biometrika}}
\def\AIC{\textsc{aic}}
\def\T{{ \mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle T} }}
\def\v{{\varepsilon}}

\begin{document}

\begin{definition}

The \textit{moment generating function} (MGF) of a random variable $T$ is defined by 

\begin{equation}
M_T(s)=E(e^{sT})=\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}e^{st}f_T(t)dt,
\end{equation}

provided that $M_T$ exists for $s \in (-a,a)$ and some $a > 0$.

\end{definition}
\end{document}

这ntheorem软件包宣称它可以与amsth通过将amsthm选项传递给ntheorem包裹（amsthm不应为此加载）。这可以传递给ntheorem通过放置\PassOptionsToPackage{amsthm}{ntheorem}在前面\documentclass，尽管这似乎没有必要使 OP 给出的代码可编译。

Answer 1