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LaTeX 中的特征图？

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LaTeX 中的特征图？

我想将这个图表（“特征模型”或“特征图”）“翻译”成 LaTeX。具体来说，我没有找到如何绘制箭头之间有填充角的方法。

特征图

感谢您的帮助！

答案1

这里尝试使用 forest 包和angles库来绘制边缘之间的角度

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[landscape]{geometry}
\usepackage{forest}
\usetikzlibrary{angles}

\begin{document}
\null
\vfill
\centering
\begin{forest}%
for tree={parent anchor=south,
         child anchor=north,
         l+=1cm,
         fill=blue!30,
         delay={content={\strut #1}},
         },
blackcircle/.style={tikz={\node[fill=black!60,inner sep=3pt,circle]at(.north){};}},
whitecircle/.style={tikz={\node[draw,fill=white,inner sep=3pt,circle]at(.north){};}},
%
[Emergency Response System,fill=blue!10
  [User interface,blackcircle]
  [Inform emergency,blackcircle
     [Inform Earthquake]
     [Inform flood]
  ]
  [Display neighborhood,blackcircle
     [Map
        [Display danger zone] 
        [Display safe zone]
        [Display path to safe zone]
     ]
     [Textual direction]
  ]
  [Shortcut calls,whitecircle
     [Cops]
     [Ambulance]
     [Fireman]  
  ]
]
% fill angles 
\foreach \i/\j/\k in {!21/!2/!22,!31/!3/!32,!41/!4/!43,!311/!31/!313}
{
\coordinate (A)at (\i.north);
\coordinate (O)at (\j.south);
\coordinate (B)at (\k.north);
\path  (A)--(O)--(B)
pic [fill=black!60, angle radius=4mm] {angle = A--O--B};
}
\end{forest}
\par
\vfill

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

我认为，我不应该回答那些需要我亲自回答的问题。即使别人先回答了。

这厚颜无耻地改编Salim Bou 的回答因为这已经完成了所有需要输入内容等无聊的工作。

它改编了我之前回答 3 个类似问题时使用的一些代码，目前我还没有参考资料。（不过，我想无论如何，不​​引用我写的代码也是可以的。）

基本上，所有花哨的步法都是通过创造 Ti钾Z 和 Forest 样式位于文档的序言中。指定树只是应用样式和指定一些参数的问题。大部分操作都在树的序言中完成，即在环境forest启动之后但在根节点之前。

\begin{forest}

主要风格：

  disjunction tree,

我们希望1当节点具有（多个）子节点时，将从级别开始的所有节点都标记为分离。

  disjuncts from'=1,

我们希望从级别1开始的所有节点都被标记为具体的，而不是抽象的。

  concrete from'=1,

指定具体和抽象节点的颜色以及绘制、勾勒和填充角度和圆圈的颜色。

  concrete colour=blue!85!cyan!40,
  abstract colour=blue!85!cyan!15,
  draw colour=darkgray,

就是这样。现在是 Salim Bou 对树的规范。这稍微简化了一点，因为我们会自动设置大部分样式。我们确实需要说明何时需要使用强制和可选标记。我们对适当的节点使用mandatory和来执行此操作。optional

  [Emergency Response System

这里有 2 个强制性分离词。

    [User interface, mandatory]
    [Inform emergency, mandatory
      [Inform Earthquake]
      [Inform flood]
    ]

还有第三个。

    [Display neighbourhood, mandatory
      [Map
        [Display danger zone]
        [Display safe zone]
        [Display path to safe zone]
      ]
      [Textual direction]
    ]

这个是可选的。

    [Shortcut calls, optional
      [Cops]
      [Ambulance]
      [Fireman]
    ]
  ]

大功告成。我们不需要手动标记角度等，因为样式disjunction tree会帮我们完成这些，并创建图例。

\end{forest}

析取树

完整代码：

\documentclass[border=10pt,tikz,multi]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{angles,shadows.blur,positioning,backgrounds}
\usepackage{forest}
\forestset{
  declare count register=disjuncts from,
  disjuncts from'=0,
  declare count register=concrete from,
  concrete from'=2,
  concrete colour/.code={\colorlet{concretecol}{#1}},
  abstract colour/.code={\colorlet{abstractcol}{#1}},
  draw colour/.code={\colorlet{drawcol}{#1}},
  concrete colour=gray,
  abstract colour=white,
  draw colour=black,
  /tikz/mandatory/.style={circle, fill=drawcol, draw=drawcol},
  /tikz/optional/.style={circle, draw=drawcol, fill=white},
  /tikz/concrete/.style={fill=concretecol, draw=drawcol},
  /tikz/abstract/.style={fill=abstractcol, draw=drawcol},
  /tikz/or/.style={},
  mandatory/.style={edge label={node [mandatory] {}}},
  optional/.style={edge label={node [optional] {}}},
  or/.style={for first={disjunct}},
  disjunct/.style={
    tikz+={\path (.parent) coordinate (A) -- (!u.children) coordinate (B) -- (!ul.parent) coordinate (C) pic [fill=drawcol] {angle};}
  },
  disjunction tree/.style={
    where={isodd(n_children())}{
      for n={int((n_children()+1)/2)}{calign with current},
    }{
      calign=midpoint,
    },
    before typesetting nodes={
      for nodewalk={
        filter/.wrap pgfmath arg={{level>=##1}{n_children()>1}}{(disjuncts_from)}
      }{
        or,
      },
      where={level()>=(concrete_from)}{
        concrete,
      }{
        abstract,
      },
      tikz+={
        [font=\sffamily]
        \node (l) [anchor=north west, xshift=10pt] at (current bounding box.north east) {Legend};
        \foreach \i/\j [remember=\i as \k (initially l)] in {mandatory/Mandatory,optional/Optional,or/Or,abstract/Abstract,concrete/Concrete}
        {
          \node (\i) [below=20pt of \k.north, anchor=north, text centered, \i, minimum width=5pt,] {};
          \node (\j) [right=15pt of \i.center -| mandatory.west, anchor=west] {\j};
        };
        \draw [drawcol] (or.south west) coordinate (A) -- (or.north) coordinate (B) -- (or.south east) coordinate (C) pic [fill=drawcol, angle radius=5pt] {angle};
        \foreach \i in {mandatory,optional} \draw [darkgray] (\i.north east) -- +(45:5pt);
        \node (c) [below=0pt of Concrete.south] {};
        \scoped[on background layer]{\node [draw, fill=white, blur shadow, fit=(l) (Mandatory) (Optional) (Or) (Abstract) (Concrete) (c), rounded corners] {};}
      },
    },
    for tree={
      parent anchor=children,
      child anchor=parent,
      l'+=10mm,
      blur shadow,
      rounded corners,
      text height=2ex,
      text depth=.5ex,
      font=\sffamily,
    },
  },
}
\begin{document}
\begin{forest}% addaswyd o gôd Salim Bou: https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/335782/
  disjunction tree,
  disjuncts from'=1,
  concrete from'=1,
  concrete colour=blue!85!cyan!40,
  abstract colour=blue!85!cyan!15,
  draw colour=darkgray,
  [Emergency Response System
    [User interface, mandatory]
    [Inform emergency, mandatory
      [Inform Earthquake]
      [Inform flood]
    ]
    [Display neighbourhood, mandatory
      [Map
        [Display danger zone]
        [Display safe zone]
        [Display path to safe zone]
      ]
      [Textual direction]
    ]
    [Shortcut calls, optional
      [Cops]
      [Ambulance]
      [Fireman]
    ]
  ]
\end{forest}
\end{document}

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