如何使用 Tikz 设置多个框图的规格

Question

我有一个非常简单的开环图和一个闭环图的代码

Y(s) 下的反馈回路的输出线太短，我想将其延长 1 厘米。但是，如果我将 Tikz 中的线从

output/.style = {coordinate,node distance=1cm},

到

output/.style = {coordinate,node distance=2cm},

然后上面的图也发生了变化，所以现在开环图的输出线太长了。

如何为 Tikz 中的每个图表声明多个 Tikz 集？即不同图表使用不同的规格。或者是否有其他解决方案可以本地用于每个图表？

请提供帮助，愿上帝拯救美国。

\documentclass[]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes,arrows}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows,calc,positioning}

\tikzset{
    block/.style = {draw, rectangle,
        minimum height=1cm,
        minimum width=2cm},
    input/.style = {coordinate,node distance=1cm},
    output/.style = {coordinate,node distance=1cm},
    arrow/.style={draw, -latex,node distance=2cm},
    pinstyle/.style = {pin edge={latex-, black,node distance=2cm}},
    sum/.style = {draw, circle, node distance=1cm},
}

\begin{document}

    \begin{figure}[ht]
        \begin{center}
            \begin{tikzpicture}[auto, node distance=1cm,>=latex']
            \node [input, name=input] {$U(s)$};
            \node [block, right=of input] (controller) {$C(s)$};
            \node [block, right=of controller] (plant) {$G(s)$};
            \node [output, right=of plant] (output) {};
            \draw [->] (input) -- node {$U(s)$} (controller);
            \draw [->] (controller) -- (plant);
            \draw [->] (plant) -- node [name = y] {$Y(s)$} (output);
            \end{tikzpicture}  
            \begin{tikzpicture}[auto, node distance=1cm,>=latex']
            \node [input, name=input] {};
            \node [sum, right=of input] (sum) {};
            \node [block, right=of sum] (controller) {$C(s)$};
            \node [block, right=2 of controller] (plant) {$G(s)$};
            \node [output, right=of plant] (output) {};
            \draw [draw,->] (input) -- node {$U(s)$} (sum);
            \draw [->] (sum) -- node {} (controller);
            \draw [->] (controller) -- node {} (plant);
            \draw [->] (plant) -- node [name=y] {$Y(s)$}(output);
            \draw [->] (y) -- ++ (0,-2) -| node [pos=0.99] {$-$} (sum);
            \end{tikzpicture}
        \end{center}
        \caption{TikzPicture}\label{fig}
    \end{figure}
\end{document}

Answer 1

钛钾可以在文档中间使用\tikzset或甚至通过可选参数创建/更改 Z 样式tikzpicture与之前创建的方式相同。

所以如果你想只是第二张图片有一个node distance，2cm你可以改变output风格在\tikzset该图片使用tikzpicture环境或环境的可选部分，这些都是局部变化。

如果要全局更改设置output，请\tikzset在tikzpicture，则发布之后的所有图片\tikzset都会继承该样式设置。

请参阅此 MWE 作为示例：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes,arrows}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows,calc,positioning}

\tikzset{
    block/.style = {draw, rectangle,
                    minimum height=1cm,
                    minimum width=2cm},
    input/.style = {coordinate,node distance=1cm},
    output/.style = {coordinate,node distance=1cm},
    arrow/.style={draw, -latex,node distance=2cm},
    pinstyle/.style = {pin edge={latex-, black,node distance=2cm}},
    sum/.style = {draw, circle, node distance=1cm}
}

\begin{document}

    \begin{figure}[ht]
        \begin{center}
            \begin{tikzpicture}[auto, node distance=1cm,>=latex']
            \node [input, name=input] {$U(s)$};
            \node [block, right=of input] (controller) {$C(s)$};
            \node [block, right=of controller] (plant) {$G(s)$};
            \node [output, right=of plant] (output) {};
            \draw [->] (input) -- node {$U(s)$} (controller);
            \draw [->] (controller) -- (plant);
            \draw [->] (plant) -- node [name = y] {$Y(s)$} (output);
            \end{tikzpicture}

%           \tikzset{output/.style = {node distance=2cm}} %<< global change (uncomment to see the difference)

            \begin{tikzpicture}[auto,
                                node distance=1cm,
                                >=latex',
                                output/.style = {node distance=2cm}] % << local change
            \tikzset{output/.style = {node distance=2cm}} %<< also local change
            \node [input, name=input] {};
            \node [sum, right=of input] (sum) {};
            \node [block, right=of sum] (controller) {$C(s)$};
            \node [block, right=2 of controller] (plant) {$G(s)$};
            \node [output, right=of plant] (output) {};
            \draw [draw,->] (input) -- node {$U(s)$} (sum);
            \draw [->] (sum) -- node {} (controller);
            \draw [->] (controller) -- node {} (plant);
            \draw [->] (plant) -- node [name=y] {$Y(s)$}(output);
            \draw [->] (y) -- ++ (0,-2) -| node [pos=0.99] {$-$} (sum);
            \end{tikzpicture}

            \begin{tikzpicture}[auto, node distance=1cm,>=latex']
            \node [input, name=input] {$U(s)$};
            \node [block, right=of input] (controller) {$C(s)$};
            \node [block, right=of controller] (plant) {$G(s)$};
            \node [output, right=of plant] (output) {};
            \draw [->] (input) -- node {$U(s)$} (controller);
            \draw [->] (controller) -- (plant);
            \draw [->] (plant) -- node [name = y] {$Y(s)$} (output);
            \end{tikzpicture} 
        \end{center}
        \caption{TikzPicture}\label{fig}
    \end{figure}
\end{document}