为学生准备的精彩练习集

Question

我想为我的学生建立一个有创意的练习和问题集。我无法利用附件中的资源创建与附件中所示的相同图形。有人能帮我吗？

    \documentclass[italian]{book}
    \usepackage{amssymb,latexsym, mathtools}
    \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
    \usepackage{babel}
    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    \usepackage{stackengine,xcolor}
    \let\svitem\item
    \newcommand\difbox[1]{\stackengine{0pt}{\color{gray!30}\rule{5ex}{1.15ex}}{%
        \color{red}$\mkern1mu\makeballs{#1}$}{O}{c}{F}{F}{L}}
    \def\makeballs#1{\ifnum#1>0\relax{\bullet}%
      \expandafter\makeballs\the\numexpr#1-1\relax\fi}
    \newenvironment{benumerate}
    {\renewcommand\item[1][1]{\def\difficulty{##1}\svitem}%
      \def\labelenumi{\smash{\stackunder[1pt]{\color{teal}%
      \bfseries\sffamily\large\theenumi}{\difbox{\difficulty}}}}%
      \enumerate}{\endenumerate}
    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    \usepackage{siunitx}
    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    \usepackage{titlesec}
    \usepackage{multicol}
    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    \usepackage[left=2.5cm, right=2.5cm, top=3cm, bottom=2cm]{geometry}
    % \usepackage[a4paper,left=2.5cm,right=2.5cm,top=1.5cm,bottom=1.5cm,
    % marginparsep=3mm,marginparwidth=18mm,
    %headheight=0mm,headsep=0cm,
    %footskip=1.5cm,includeheadfoot%,showframe
    %]{geometry}
    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%



    \usepackage{fancyhdr} 
    \usepackage{tikz} 
    \usetikzlibrary{fadings}
    % Headers
    \definecolor{gray}{cmyk}{0,0,0,0.4}
    \definecolor{darkgrey}{cmyk}{0,0,0,0.6}

    \pagestyle{fancy}
    \renewcommand{\chaptermark}[1]{\markboth{#1}{}}
    \fancyhead{} % Remove head fields
    \fancyfoot{} % Remove foot fields
    \setlength{\headheight}{24pt}
     \fancyhead[RO]{\sffamily\bfseries\footnotesize\textcolor{gray}\leftmark\hspace{0.3cm}\sffamily\bfseries\normalsize\textcolor{darkgray}\thepage}
     \fancyhead[LE]{\sffamily\bfseries\textcolor{darkgray}\thepage\hspace{0.3cm}\sffamily\bfseries\footnotesize\textcolor{gray}\leftmark}
     \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}
     \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt}
     \renewcommand{\headrule}{%
       \vskip-\baselineskip\vskip4pt
     \ifodd\count0\hfill\begin{tikzpicture}
    \fill[darkgray,path fading=west] (0,0) rectangle (4.98,0.02);
    \end{tikzpicture}\else\begin{tikzpicture}
    \fill[darkgray,path fading=east] (0,0) rectangle (4.98,0.02);
    \end{tikzpicture}\fi}
    \parindent0pt
    \parskip6pt
    \makeatletter
    \makeatother
    \newcounter{myExercise}[section]
    \setcounter{myExercise}{1}
    \newcommand\exercise{\textbf{Esercizi \thesection.\stepcounter{myExercise}\themyExercise.\,}}
    \newcommand\mySol[1]{\textcolor{cyan!20!blue}{[$#1$]}}
    \setlength{\columnsep}{12pt}
    \setlength\columnseprule{0pt}
    \begin{document}

    \section*{Velocità}


    \begin{multicols}{2}
    \begin{benumerate}

    \item[1] 

    Un'automobile transita al km 25 di un'autostrada alle ore 8:25 e transita al km 29 alle ore 8:27. Qual è la sua velocità media in km/h? \hfill\mySol{120\,\, \text{km/h}}


    \item[2] In autostrada ogni kilometro è contrassegnato da un numero. Guardando fuori dal finestrino, ti accorgi che passano 36 s   tra un cartello e l'altro. A quale velocità stai procedendo? \hfill\mySol{100\,\, \text{km/h}}

    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

    %\item 

    \hfill\mySol{\ldots}
    \end{benumerate}

    \end{multicols}
    \end{document}

Answer 1

我试图重现图形和外观，但还有更多的工作要做，而且留给了 OP，因为有些硬编码部分实际上无法配置。

tcolorbox通过使用和节点可以实现等级/技能水平框最简单的定位TikZ。

该\mylib代码是从tcolorbox文档中“窃取”的。

\documentclass[italian]{book}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{latexsym}
\usepackage{mathtools}

\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[italian]{babel}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% 

\usepackage{stackengine}
\usepackage{xcolor}

\newcommand\difbox[1]{\stackengine{0pt}{\color{gray!30}\rule{5ex}{1.15ex}}{%
    \color{red}$\mkern1mu\makeballs{#1}$}{O}{c}{F}{F}{L}}
\def\makeballs#1{\ifnum#1>0\relax{\bullet}%
  \expandafter\makeballs\the\numexpr#1-1\relax\fi}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\usepackage[copy-decimal-marker,color=blue]{siunitx}
\usepackage{multicol}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\usepackage[left=2.5cm, right=2.5cm, top=3cm, bottom=2cm]{geometry}
% \usepackage[a4paper,left=2.5cm,right=2.5cm,top=1.5cm,bottom=1.5cm,
% marginparsep=3mm,marginparwidth=18mm,
%headheight=0mm,headsep=0cm,
%footskip=1.5cm,includeheadfoot%,showframe
%]{geometry}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\usepackage{fancyhdr}  % Load fancyhdr after geometry!


\usepackage{tikz} 
\usetikzlibrary{fadings}


% Headers
\definecolor{gray}{cmyk}{0,0,0,0.4}
\definecolor{darkgrey}{cmyk}{0,0,0,0.6}

\pagestyle{fancy}
\renewcommand{\chaptermark}[1]{\markboth{#1}{}}
\fancyhead{} % Remove head fields
\fancyfoot{} % Remove foot fields

\setlength{\headheight}{24pt}
\fancyhead[RO]{\sffamily\bfseries\footnotesize\textcolor{gray}\leftmark\hspace{0.3cm}\sffamily\bfseries\normalsize\textcolor{darkgray}\thepage}
\fancyhead[LE]{\sffamily\bfseries\textcolor{darkgray}\thepage\hspace{0.3cm}\sffamily\bfseries\footnotesize\textcolor{gray}\leftmark}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}
\renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt}

\renewcommand{\headrule}{%
  \vskip-\baselineskip\vskip4pt
  \ifodd\count0\hfill\begin{tikzpicture}
    \fill[darkgray,path fading=west] (0,0) rectangle (4.98,0.02);
  \end{tikzpicture}\else\begin{tikzpicture}
    \fill[darkgray,path fading=east] (0,0) rectangle (4.98,0.02);
  \end{tikzpicture}\fi}

\parindent0em
\parskip6pt

\setlength{\columnsep}{12pt}
\setlength{\columnseprule}{0pt}



\usepackage[most]{tcolorbox}

\newtcbox{\mylib}{enhanced,nobeforeafter,tcbox raise base,boxrule=0.4pt,top=0mm,bottom=0mm,
  right=0mm,left=4mm,arc=1pt,boxsep=2pt,before upper={\vphantom{dlg}},
  colframe=green!50!black,coltext=green!25!black,colback=green!10!white,
  overlay={\begin{tcbclipinterior}\fill[green!75!blue!50!white] (frame.south west)
    rectangle node[text=white,font=\sffamily\bfseries\tiny,rotate=90] {Tema} ([xshift=4mm]frame.north west);\end{tcbclipinterior}}}


\makeatletter

\newcommand{\exercisesidebox}[1]{%
  \def\difficulty{#1}%
  \stackunder[1pt]{\color{teal}\bfseries\sffamily\large\the\c@tcb@cnt@exercise}{\difbox{\difficulty}}%
}
\makeatother

\newcommand\mySol[1]{\textcolor{cyan!20!blue}{[$#1$]}}

\newtcolorbox[auto counter, number within=section]{exercise}[2][]{%
  right skip={20pt},
  enhanced jigsaw,
  sharp corners,
  frame hidden,
  colback=white,
  overlay={\node[xshift=0.3em,yshift=-1.5em] (A) at (frame.north west) {\exercisesidebox{#2}};} %Change the shift values to place the box more appropiately. 
  #1
}


\begin{document}


\section*{\mylib{Velocità}}


\begin{multicols}{2}

\begin{exercise}{1}
Un'automobile transita al \SI{25}{\kilo\meter} di un'autostrada alle ore 8:25 e transita al \SI{29}{\kilo\meter} alle ore 8:27. Qual è la sua velocità media in \si{\kilo\meter/\hour}? \hfill\mySol{\SI{120}{\kilo\meter/\hour}}
\end{exercise}
\begin{exercise}{2}
In autostrada ogni kilometro è contrassegnato da un numero. Guardando fuori dal finestrino, ti accorgi che passano \SI{36}{\second}   tra un cartello e l'altro. A quale velocità stai procedendo? \hfill\mySol{\SI{100}{\kilo\meter/\hour}}
\end{exercise}
\begin{exercise}{3}
Proof that there is a typesetting system better than \LaTeXe.
\end{exercise}
\end{multicols}
\end{document}