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Biblatex 非标准日期

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Biblatex 非标准日期

我正在使用 biblatex 和 biber 引用历史课上展示的作品。以世纪为单位的数据（12 世纪或12世纪法语中“年份”一词非常常见。我过去常常在“年份”字段中输入此类日期，自上次升级以来，它一直有效：

以下是 MWE 使用 TexLive 2015 编译的内容……

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{biblatex}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}

\usepackage{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents}{\jobname.bib}
    @Thesis{exemple_image,
    Title                    = {Title of the work},
    Author                   = {Artist Name},
    Location                 = {Switzerland},
    Year                     = {{\siecle{15}}},
    }
\end{filecontents}
\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}

\newcommand{\siecle}[1]{%
\textsc{\romannumeral #1}\textsuperscript{e}~siècle
}

\nocite{*}

\begin{document}
\nocite{*}
\printbibliography
\end{document}

参考正确打印

...但在 TexLive 2016 中不再如此，我遇到了一个错误：! Use of /sortlist doesn't match its definition。

我猜 Biblatex 3.5 对“年份”字段的宽容度较低。我在文档中搜索过但没有结果，我愿意听取所有建议。

答案1

使用 3.10 及更高版本的新 ISO 8601 日期功能，biblatex您可以输入一个世纪作为

date = {19XX}

不幸的是，标准日期格式不能通过显示“20 世纪”或类似的输出来处理这个问题，它们只会写“1900-1999”，但我们可以按如下方式处理世纪

\documentclass[french]{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{babel}
\usepackage{csquotes}
\usepackage{biblatex}

\usepackage{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents}{\jobname.bib}
@thesis{exemple_image,
  title    = {Title of the work},
  author   = {Artist Name},
  location = {Switzerland},
  date     = {16XX},
}
\end{filecontents}
\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}

\NewBibliographyString{century}
\DefineBibliographyStrings{french}{century = {siècle}}

\makeatletter
\renewcommand*{\RNfont}{\textsc}
\DeclareFieldFormat{datecentury}{\RN{#1}\textsuperscript{e}}
\renewrobustcmd*{\mkdaterangetrunc}[2]{%
  \begingroup
    \blx@metadateinfo{#2}%
    \iffieldundef{#2year}
      {}
      {\printtext[#2date]{%
         \datecircaprint
         % Such a season component can only come from an EDTF 5.1.5 season which replaces
         % a normal month so if it exists, we know that a normal date print is ruled out
         \iffieldequalstr{dateunspecified}{yearincentury}
           {\printtext[datecentury]{\number\numexpr\thefield{#2year}/100+1\relax}\setunit{\addnbspace}\bibstring{century}}
           {\iffieldundef{#2season}
              {\iffieldsequal{#2year}{#2endyear}
                 {\iffieldsequal{#2month}{#2endmonth}
                    {\csuse{mkbibdate#1}{}{}{#2day}}
                    {\csuse{mkbibdate#1}{}{#2month}{#2day}}}
                 {\csuse{mkbibdate#1}{#2year}{#2month}{#2day}%
                  \iffieldsequal{#2dateera}{#2enddateera}{}
                   {\dateeraprint{#2year}}}}
              {\iffieldsequal{#2year}{#2endyear}
                {\csuse{mkbibseasondate#1}{}{#2season}}
                {\csuse{mkbibseasondate#1}{#2year}{#2season}%
                 \iffieldsequal{#2dateera}{#2enddateera}{}
                   {\dateeraprint{#2year}}}}%
            \dateuncertainprint
            \iffieldundef{#2endyear}
              {}
              {\iffieldequalstr{#2endyear}{}
                 {\mbox{\bibdaterangesep}}
                 {\bibdaterangesep
                  \enddatecircaprint
                  \iffieldundef{#2season}
                    {\csuse{mkbibdate#1}{#2endyear}{#2endmonth}{#2endday}}
                    {\csuse{mkbibseasondate#1}{#2endyear}{#2endseason}}%
                  \enddateuncertainprint
                  \dateeraprint{#2endyear}}}}}}%
  \endgroup}
\makeatother

\begin{document}
\nocite{*}
\printbibliography
\end{document}

检查一个世纪时\iffieldequalstr{dateunspecified}{yearincentury}，格式datecentury控制世纪的输出，而 bibstringcentury可用于进一步本地化输出。

示例输出

另请参阅96-dates.tex以及§2.3.8日期和时间规范，第 4.2.4.1 节通用字段的文档biblatex​。

答案2

只需改变定义的方式\siecle：

\newrobustcmd{\siecle}[1]{%
  \textsc{\romannumeral #1}\textsuperscript{e}~siècle
}

这样宏就不会过早展开。当然，警告

WARN - year field '{\siecle{15}}' in entry 'exemple_image' is not an integer - this will probably not sort properly.

仍会显示。

在此处输入图片描述

答案3

另一种方法是依靠 Biber 将year字段映射到另一个字段。（此示例使用addendum。）从示例中不清楚您是否想要或需要将源映射限制为特定的条目子集，但有多种方法可以做到这一点。（此示例限制为特定文件.bib和条目类型thesis，仅作为示例。）

Biber 将会完成，没有任何警告或错误。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}

\usepackage{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents}{\jobname.bib}
    @Thesis{exemple_image,
    Title                    = {Title of the work},
    Author                   = {Artist Name},
    Location                 = {Switzerland},
    Year                     = {{\siecle{15}}},
    }
\end{filecontents}
\usepackage[backend=biber]{biblatex}
\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}

\newcommand{\siecle}[1]{%
  \textsc{\romannumeral #1}\textsuperscript{e}~siècle
}

\DeclareSourcemap{
  \maps[datatype=bibtex, overwrite]{
    \map{
      \perdatasource{\jobname.bib}% <-- If you have them in a special bib file
      \pertype{thesis}%             <-- If you want to limit by type
      \step[fieldsource=year]
      \step[fieldset=addendum, origfieldval]
      \step[fieldset=year, null]
    }
  }
}

\nocite{*}

\begin{document}
\nocite{*}
\printbibliography
\end{document}

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