答案1
这是使用 的起点tikz
。对于更复杂/真实的情节,有专门的包,但对于简单的说明来说,这似乎有点小题大做。
\documentclass[border=2mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[xscale=2,yscale=4] % scale 1x1 drawing as needed
\draw[domain=0:-180,samples=100] plot ({cos(\x)},{sin(\x)}); % lower half of circle
\draw (-1,-1) -- (1,-1); % bottom line
\draw[dashed] (-1,-1) node[below]{\scriptsize LSL} -- (-1,0);
\draw[dashed] ( 0,-1) node[below]{\scriptsize Target} -- ( 0,0);
\draw[dashed] ( 1,-1) node[below]{\scriptsize USL} -- ( 1,0);
\foreach \y/\l in {-1/0,-0.8/20,-0.6/40,-0.4/60,-0.2/80,0/100}
\draw (-1,\y) node[left]{\scriptsize\l};
\draw (-1.4,-0.5) node[rotate=90] {Taguchi Loss};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}