如何绘制这个带有水平线和垂直线的特殊矩阵？

Question

我曾尝试blockarray过

\begin{align*}
B=
\left[\begin{blockarray}{ccccc}
a_{s_0} & a_{s_0+1} & \cdots &\cdots &a_{s_0+n}\\
%\begin{blockarray}{cccccc}
%\begin{block}{ccccc|c}
\begin{block}{cccc|c}
\cline{1-4}
a_{s_0+1} & a_{s_0+2}&\cdots &\cdots &a_{s_0+n+1}\\
\vdots & \vdots &     &  &  \\
0 & 0  &\cdots & 0  & b \\
\vdots & \vdots &     &  &  \\
a_{s_0+n} &a_{s_0+n+1} &\cdots &\cdots & a_{s_0+2n}\\
%\end{block}
%\end{blockarray}
\end{block}
\end{blockarray}\right]
\end{align*}

但我无法处理垂直线。

Answer 1

你真的不需blkarray要这样做：普通的array就可以了：

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{mathtools}

\begin{document}

\begin{align*}
B=
\left[\begin{array}{c|ccc|c}
a_{s_0} & a_{s_0+1} & \cdots & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\cdots} &a_{s_0+n}\\
\cline{1-4}
a_{s_0+1} & a_{s_0+2}&\cdots &\cdots &a_{s_0+n+1}\\
\vdots & \vdots & & & \vdots \\
0 & 0 &\cdots & 0 & b \\
\vdots & \vdots & & & \vdots \\
\cline{2-5}
\multicolumn{1}{c}{a_{s_0+n}} &a_{s_0+n+1} &\cdots &\cdots & a_{s_0+2n}\\
\end{array}\right]
\end{align*}

\end{document}

Answer 2

这是使用 Ti 的解决方案钾Z：

\documentclass[margin=1cm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix}
\begin{document}
$B$ = \begin{tikzpicture}[baseline=(current  bounding  box.center)]
        \matrix [matrix of math nodes,
                 nodes in empty cells,
                 left delimiter = [,right delimiter={]},
                 align = center,
                 text width = 2.5em,
                 text depth = 0.25em,
                ](m){
                a_{s_0+1} & a_{s_0+2}&\cdots &\cdots &a_{s_0+n+1}\\
                \vdots & \vdots &     &  &  \\
                0 & 0  &\cdots & 0  & b \\
                \vdots & \vdots &     &  &  \\
                a_{s_0+n} &a_{s_0+n+1} &\cdots &\cdots & a_{s_0+2n}\\
            };
    % Drawing the lines
    \draw[draw, thick] (m-1-1.north east) -- (m-4-1.south east); % Left vertical
    \draw[draw, thick] (m-1-4.south east) -- (m-5-4.south east); % Right vertical
    \draw[draw, thick] (m-1-1.south west) -- (m-1-4.south east); % Upper horizontal
    \draw[draw, thick] (m-4-1.south east) -- (m-4-5.south east); % Lower horizontal
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}