当 \vbox 在同一行中有方程式时，如何垂直集中一个单元格？

Question

我正在尝试垂直居中此表的第一列，但是当我在第二列插入方程式时，第一列不考虑垂直居中。我该怎么办？

\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{report}  

\usepackage{amsmath} 
\usepackage{booktabs} 
\usepackage{array} 

\begin{document}

\begin{table}[htbp]
    \centering
    \begin{tabular}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}m{4cm}>{\centering\arraybackslash}p{5cm}}
        \toprule
        Models & Matrix \\ 
        \midrule
        Model 1 & \vbox{    \begin{equation}
                     \begin{bmatrix}
                      1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1
                    \end{bmatrix}
                    \end{equation}} \\
        Model 2 & \vbox{    \begin{equation}
                    \begin{bmatrix}
                    1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1
                    \end{bmatrix}
                    \end{equation}} \\
        \bottomrule
    \end{tabular}
\end{table}

\end{document}

Answer 1

将$\vcenter{...}$应用于\vbox。

\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{report}  

\usepackage{amsmath} 
\usepackage{booktabs} 
\usepackage{array} 

\begin{document}

\begin{table}[htbp]
    \centering
    \begin{tabular}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}m{4cm}>{\centering\arraybackslash}p{5cm}}
        \toprule
        Models & Matrix \\ 
        \midrule
        Model 1 & $\vcenter{\vbox{    \begin{equation}
                     \begin{bmatrix}
                      1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1
                    \end{bmatrix}
                    \end{equation}}}$ \\
        Model 2 & $\vcenter{\vbox{    \begin{equation}
                    \begin{bmatrix}
                    1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1
                    \end{bmatrix}
                    \end{equation}}}$ \\
        \bottomrule
    \end{tabular}
\end{table}

\end{document}

Answer 2

该解决方案的一个变体m ，具有改进的垂直间距：

\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{report}

\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{array}

\begin{document}

\begin{table}[htbp]
    \centering
    \begin{tabular}{@{}>{\centering\arraybackslash}m{4cm}>{\centering\arraybackslash\vspace{-\baselineskip}\equation}m{5cm} <{\endequation\vspace{-\belowdisplayskip}}@{}}
        \toprule
        Models & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Matrix} \\
        \midrule
        Model 1 & \begin{bmatrix}
                      1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1
                    \end{bmatrix} \\
        Model 2 &
                    \begin{bmatrix}
                    1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1
                    \end{bmatrix}
                    \\
        \bottomrule
    \end{tabular}
\end{table}

\end{document} 

Answer 3

使用\begin{minipage}{\linewidth} ... \end{minipage}而不是\vbox{...}。

如果您有许多这样的矩阵，请定义一个命令：

\newcommand\eqmatrix[2]%
   {\begin{minipage}{\linewidth}
    \begin{equation}
    \begin{bmatrix}
    #1
    \end{bmatrix}
    \label{#2}
    \end{equation}
    \end{minipage}%
   }

\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{report}  

\usepackage{amsmath} 
\usepackage{booktabs} 
\usepackage{array} 
\newcommand\eqmatrix[2]%
   {\begin{minipage}{\linewidth}
    \begin{equation}
    \begin{bmatrix}
    #1
    \end{bmatrix}
    \label{#2}
    \end{equation}
    \end{minipage}%
   }

\begin{document}

\begin{table}[htbp]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}m{4cm}>{\centering\arraybackslash}p{5cm}}
  \toprule
  Models & Matrix \\ 
  \midrule
  Model 1 & \eqmatrix{1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1}{m1}\\
  Model 2 & \eqmatrix{1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1}{m2}\\
  \bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{table}

\end{document}