删除条形图和轴之间的空间

Question 1

正如问题下方的评论中所写，您需要降低enlarge x limits 确切地，但不幸的是，当使用时，您不能使用绝对（轴）坐标来实现这一点symbolic coordinates。（这意味着目前不允许写类似bar width=[normalize]0.5或的内容bar shift=[normalize]0.25。）

为了解决这个问题，我不会symbolic coordinates直接使用。我首先根据您提供给命令的数据创建一个内联/临时数据表\addplot，然后使用它xticklabels from table来模拟该symbolic x coords功能。通过这样做，我现在可以正常使用绝对bar with和bar shift选项。

最后，我简单地提供——同样是绝对（轴）坐标——一个合适的绝对值enlarge x limits。

有关更多详细信息，请查看代码中的注释。

% used PGFPlots v1.14
\documentclass[border=5pt]{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
% needed to store an inline table
\usepackage{pgfplotstable}
    \pgfplotsset{
        % use this `compat' level or higher to use relative (axis) coordinates
        % for `bar width' and `bar shift'
        compat=1.7,
        % created a style for the stuff that is common in both axis
        my axis style/.style={
            height=9cm,
            width=20cm,
            % give an absolute (axis) coordinate value for the `bar width'
            bar width=0.5,
            ybar stacked,
            ymax=47,
            ymin=1,
            % give an absolute (axis) coordinate value to enlarge the x limits
            enlarge x limits={abs=0.5},
        },
    }
    % store the data as inline table
    % (here I used a comma as column separator, because there are spaces in the
    %  x column)
    \pgfplotstableread[col sep=comma]{
        x,y1,y2,y3,y4,z1,z2,z3,z4
        BGH\_0.65\_1\_160 B-1,18,10,15,4,21,11,13,2
        BGH\_0.65\_1\_160 B-2,14,16,12,5,14,20,6,7
        BGH\_0.65\_1\_190 B-3,20,12,11,4,17,16,7,7
        BGH\_0.65\_1\_190 B-4,18,25,0,4,22,12,12,1
        BGH\_0.8\_1\_160 B-5,10,6,4,27,10,2,1,34
        BGH\_0.8\_1\_160 B-6,8,0,0,0,4,10,33,0
        BGH\_0.8\_1\_190 B-7,4,5,16,22,5,10,20,12
        BGH\_0.8\_1\_190 B-8,5,7,9,26,8,4,19,16
        BGH\_0.65\_2.2\_160 B-9,0,4,6,37,0,0,0,0
        BGH\_0.65\_2.2\_160 B-10,2,3,4,38,3,4,8,32
        BGH\_0.65\_2.2\_190 B-11,3,44,0,0,3,6,5,33
        BGH\_0.65\_2.2\_190 B-12,3,1,4,39,2,5,10,30
        BGH\_0.8\_2.2\_160 B-13,1,2,10,34,1,4,10,32
        BGH\_0.8\_2.2\_160 B-14,2,5,6,34,2,1,2,42
        BGH\_0.8\_2.2\_190 B-15,2,3,8,34,1,6,2,38
        BGH\_0.8\_2.2\_190 B-16,2,4,7,34,5,4,11,27
        BGH\_0.65\_2.2\_160\_2.V B-20,2,1,2,42,2,2,7,36
        BGH\_0.65\_2.2\_190\_2.V B-21,1,1,2,43,1,3,11,32
        BGH\_0.65\_2.2\_190\_2.V B-22,1,2,9,35,2,2,0,0
        BGH2\_0.65\_1\_190 B2-01,0,14,11,22,0,10,37,0
        BGH2\_0.65\_1\_190 B2-02,6,7,19,15,8,12,20,7
        BGH2\_0.65\_1\_160 B2-03,8,8,19,12,13,11,14,9
        BGH2\_0.65\_1\_160 B2-04,5,9,8,25,6,9,25,7
        BGH2\_0.8\_1\_190 B2-05,1,25,16,5,0,20,27,0
        BGH2\_0.8\_1\_190 B2-06,2,10,15,20,1,24,21,1
        BGH2\_0.8\_1\_160 B2-07,5,10,32,0,11,9,27,0
        BGH2\_0.8\_1\_160 B2-08,3,11,16,17,2,20,25,0
        DEW\_0.65\_1\_160 D-02,23,8,16,0,20,15,12,0
        DEW\_0.65\_1\_190 D-03,24,16,7,0,30,14,3,0
        DEW\_0.65\_1\_190 D-04,28,7,12,0,29,10,8,0
        DEW\_0.8\_1\_160 D-05,16,7,16,8,12,10,25,0
        DEW\_0.8\_1\_160 D-06,9,12,26,0,9,15,23,0
        DEW\_0.8\_1\_190 D-07,10,10,15,12,14,10,23,0
        DEW\_0.8\_1\_190 D-08,12,14,21,0,13,34,0,0
        DEW\_0.65\_2.2\_160 D-09,4,5,15,23,3,6,15,23
        DEW\_0.65\_2.2\_160 D-10,5,8,2,32,5,5,16,21
        DEW\_0.65\_2.2\_190 D-11,8,2,5,32,5,5,6,31
        DEW\_0.65\_2.2\_190 D-12,2,2,2,41,1,6,15,25
        DEW\_0.8\_2.2\_160 D-13,1,5,6,35,3,4,15,25
        DEW\_0.8\_2.2\_160 D-14,2,4,0,41,2,2,0,43
        DEW\_0.8\_2.2\_190 D-15,5,4,12,26,2,4,5,36
        DEW\_0.8\_2.2\_190 D-16,3,5,5,34,3,7,15,22
        DEW\_0.65\_1\_160 D-17,20,10,17,0,20,8,19,0
        DEW\_0.65\_2.2\_160\_2.V D-19,2,2,6,37,2,3,1,41
        DEW\_0.65\_2.2\_190\_2.V D-21,2,1,2,42,2,5,13,27
        DEW\_0.65\_2.2\_190\_2.V D-22,2,2,5,38,2,6,11,28
    }{\loadedtable}
    \definecolor{amber}{rgb}{1.0, 0.75, 0.0}
    \definecolor{bluegray}{RGB}{1, 171, 170}
    \definecolor{neuesrot}{RGB}{207, 103, 102}
    \definecolor{ultramarin}{RGB}{40, 109, 168}
    \definecolor{hellesgrau}{RGB}{216, 216, 216}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
    \begin{axis}[
        % apply previously defined style here
        my axis style,
        % provide the shift of the bar, which should be half of the `bar width'
        bar shift=-0.25,
        % just use `data' for the `xtick's ...
        xtick=data,
        % ... and label them with the values from the `x' column of the loaded table
        xticklabels from table={\loadedtable}{x},
        ytick={5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,47},
        x tick label style={
            font=\tiny,
            rotate=75,
            anchor=east,
        },
        legend style={
            at={(0.5,-0.50)},
            anchor=north,
        },
        legend columns=-1,
        legend entries={
            Schädigungsstufe A,
            Schädigungsstufe B,
            Schädigungsstufe D,
            Schädigungsstufe E,
        },
    ]
        % then simply add the plots by using the `\coordindex' as x values
        % and the corresponding y columns for the "left" stacked ybars
        \addplot+ [fill=bluegray, draw=black]   table [x expr=\coordindex,y=y1] {\loadedtable};
        \addplot+ [fill=amber, draw=black]      table [x expr=\coordindex,y=y2] {\loadedtable};
        \addplot+ [fill=neuesrot, draw=black]   table [x expr=\coordindex,y=y3] {\loadedtable};
        \addplot+ [fill=hellesgrau, draw=black] table [x expr=\coordindex,y=y4] {\loadedtable};
    \end{axis}
    \begin{axis}[
        % same as before
        my axis style,
        % same as before but this time the positive value
        bar shift=0.25,
        % we don't need to draw the x and y ticks again
        xtick=\empty,
        ytick=\empty,
    ]
        % same as before, but this time with the columns for the "right" stacked ybars
        \addplot+ [fill=bluegray, draw=black]   table [x expr=\coordindex,y=z1] {\loadedtable};
        \addplot+ [fill=amber, draw=black]      table [x expr=\coordindex,y=z2] {\loadedtable};
        \addplot+ [fill=neuesrot, draw=black]   table [x expr=\coordindex,y=z3] {\loadedtable};
        \addplot+ [fill=hellesgrau, draw=black] table [x expr=\coordindex,y=z4] {\loadedtable};
    \end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Answer

正如问题下方的评论中所写，您需要降低enlarge x limits 确切地，但不幸的是，当使用时，您不能使用绝对（轴）坐标来实现这一点symbolic coordinates。（这意味着目前不允许写类似bar width=[normalize]0.5或的内容bar shift=[normalize]0.25。）

为了解决这个问题，我不会symbolic coordinates直接使用。我首先根据您提供给命令的数据创建一个内联/临时数据表\addplot，然后使用它xticklabels from table来模拟该symbolic x coords功能。通过这样做，我现在可以正常使用绝对bar with和bar shift选项。

最后，我简单地提供——同样是绝对（轴）坐标——一个合适的绝对值enlarge x limits。

有关更多详细信息，请查看代码中的注释。

% used PGFPlots v1.14
\documentclass[border=5pt]{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
% needed to store an inline table
\usepackage{pgfplotstable}
    \pgfplotsset{
        % use this `compat' level or higher to use relative (axis) coordinates
        % for `bar width' and `bar shift'
        compat=1.7,
        % created a style for the stuff that is common in both axis
        my axis style/.style={
            height=9cm,
            width=20cm,
            % give an absolute (axis) coordinate value for the `bar width'
            bar width=0.5,
            ybar stacked,
            ymax=47,
            ymin=1,
            % give an absolute (axis) coordinate value to enlarge the x limits
            enlarge x limits={abs=0.5},
        },
    }
    % store the data as inline table
    % (here I used a comma as column separator, because there are spaces in the
    %  x column)
    \pgfplotstableread[col sep=comma]{
        x,y1,y2,y3,y4,z1,z2,z3,z4
        BGH\_0.65\_1\_160 B-1,18,10,15,4,21,11,13,2
        BGH\_0.65\_1\_160 B-2,14,16,12,5,14,20,6,7
        BGH\_0.65\_1\_190 B-3,20,12,11,4,17,16,7,7
        BGH\_0.65\_1\_190 B-4,18,25,0,4,22,12,12,1
        BGH\_0.8\_1\_160 B-5,10,6,4,27,10,2,1,34
        BGH\_0.8\_1\_160 B-6,8,0,0,0,4,10,33,0
        BGH\_0.8\_1\_190 B-7,4,5,16,22,5,10,20,12
        BGH\_0.8\_1\_190 B-8,5,7,9,26,8,4,19,16
        BGH\_0.65\_2.2\_160 B-9,0,4,6,37,0,0,0,0
        BGH\_0.65\_2.2\_160 B-10,2,3,4,38,3,4,8,32
        BGH\_0.65\_2.2\_190 B-11,3,44,0,0,3,6,5,33
        BGH\_0.65\_2.2\_190 B-12,3,1,4,39,2,5,10,30
        BGH\_0.8\_2.2\_160 B-13,1,2,10,34,1,4,10,32
        BGH\_0.8\_2.2\_160 B-14,2,5,6,34,2,1,2,42
        BGH\_0.8\_2.2\_190 B-15,2,3,8,34,1,6,2,38
        BGH\_0.8\_2.2\_190 B-16,2,4,7,34,5,4,11,27
        BGH\_0.65\_2.2\_160\_2.V B-20,2,1,2,42,2,2,7,36
        BGH\_0.65\_2.2\_190\_2.V B-21,1,1,2,43,1,3,11,32
        BGH\_0.65\_2.2\_190\_2.V B-22,1,2,9,35,2,2,0,0
        BGH2\_0.65\_1\_190 B2-01,0,14,11,22,0,10,37,0
        BGH2\_0.65\_1\_190 B2-02,6,7,19,15,8,12,20,7
        BGH2\_0.65\_1\_160 B2-03,8,8,19,12,13,11,14,9
        BGH2\_0.65\_1\_160 B2-04,5,9,8,25,6,9,25,7
        BGH2\_0.8\_1\_190 B2-05,1,25,16,5,0,20,27,0
        BGH2\_0.8\_1\_190 B2-06,2,10,15,20,1,24,21,1
        BGH2\_0.8\_1\_160 B2-07,5,10,32,0,11,9,27,0
        BGH2\_0.8\_1\_160 B2-08,3,11,16,17,2,20,25,0
        DEW\_0.65\_1\_160 D-02,23,8,16,0,20,15,12,0
        DEW\_0.65\_1\_190 D-03,24,16,7,0,30,14,3,0
        DEW\_0.65\_1\_190 D-04,28,7,12,0,29,10,8,0
        DEW\_0.8\_1\_160 D-05,16,7,16,8,12,10,25,0
        DEW\_0.8\_1\_160 D-06,9,12,26,0,9,15,23,0
        DEW\_0.8\_1\_190 D-07,10,10,15,12,14,10,23,0
        DEW\_0.8\_1\_190 D-08,12,14,21,0,13,34,0,0
        DEW\_0.65\_2.2\_160 D-09,4,5,15,23,3,6,15,23
        DEW\_0.65\_2.2\_160 D-10,5,8,2,32,5,5,16,21
        DEW\_0.65\_2.2\_190 D-11,8,2,5,32,5,5,6,31
        DEW\_0.65\_2.2\_190 D-12,2,2,2,41,1,6,15,25
        DEW\_0.8\_2.2\_160 D-13,1,5,6,35,3,4,15,25
        DEW\_0.8\_2.2\_160 D-14,2,4,0,41,2,2,0,43
        DEW\_0.8\_2.2\_190 D-15,5,4,12,26,2,4,5,36
        DEW\_0.8\_2.2\_190 D-16,3,5,5,34,3,7,15,22
        DEW\_0.65\_1\_160 D-17,20,10,17,0,20,8,19,0
        DEW\_0.65\_2.2\_160\_2.V D-19,2,2,6,37,2,3,1,41
        DEW\_0.65\_2.2\_190\_2.V D-21,2,1,2,42,2,5,13,27
        DEW\_0.65\_2.2\_190\_2.V D-22,2,2,5,38,2,6,11,28
    }{\loadedtable}
    \definecolor{amber}{rgb}{1.0, 0.75, 0.0}
    \definecolor{bluegray}{RGB}{1, 171, 170}
    \definecolor{neuesrot}{RGB}{207, 103, 102}
    \definecolor{ultramarin}{RGB}{40, 109, 168}
    \definecolor{hellesgrau}{RGB}{216, 216, 216}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
    \begin{axis}[
        % apply previously defined style here
        my axis style,
        % provide the shift of the bar, which should be half of the `bar width'
        bar shift=-0.25,
        % just use `data' for the `xtick's ...
        xtick=data,
        % ... and label them with the values from the `x' column of the loaded table
        xticklabels from table={\loadedtable}{x},
        ytick={5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,47},
        x tick label style={
            font=\tiny,
            rotate=75,
            anchor=east,
        },
        legend style={
            at={(0.5,-0.50)},
            anchor=north,
        },
        legend columns=-1,
        legend entries={
            Schädigungsstufe A,
            Schädigungsstufe B,
            Schädigungsstufe D,
            Schädigungsstufe E,
        },
    ]
        % then simply add the plots by using the `\coordindex' as x values
        % and the corresponding y columns for the "left" stacked ybars
        \addplot+ [fill=bluegray, draw=black]   table [x expr=\coordindex,y=y1] {\loadedtable};
        \addplot+ [fill=amber, draw=black]      table [x expr=\coordindex,y=y2] {\loadedtable};
        \addplot+ [fill=neuesrot, draw=black]   table [x expr=\coordindex,y=y3] {\loadedtable};
        \addplot+ [fill=hellesgrau, draw=black] table [x expr=\coordindex,y=y4] {\loadedtable};
    \end{axis}
    \begin{axis}[
        % same as before
        my axis style,
        % same as before but this time the positive value
        bar shift=0.25,
        % we don't need to draw the x and y ticks again
        xtick=\empty,
        ytick=\empty,
    ]
        % same as before, but this time with the columns for the "right" stacked ybars
        \addplot+ [fill=bluegray, draw=black]   table [x expr=\coordindex,y=z1] {\loadedtable};
        \addplot+ [fill=amber, draw=black]      table [x expr=\coordindex,y=z2] {\loadedtable};
        \addplot+ [fill=neuesrot, draw=black]   table [x expr=\coordindex,y=z3] {\loadedtable};
        \addplot+ [fill=hellesgrau, draw=black] table [x expr=\coordindex,y=z4] {\loadedtable};
    \end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Question 2

好的，我明白了。我必须添加enlarge x limits={abs=6pt}两个轴选项，以帮助解决条形偏移问题。感谢 Bobyandbob 为我指明了正确的方向。

Answer

好的，我明白了。我必须添加enlarge x limits={abs=6pt}两个轴选项，以帮助解决条形偏移问题。感谢 Bobyandbob 为我指明了正确的方向。

删除条形图和轴之间的空间

答案1

答案2

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