我正在尝试用 tikz 创建此图表的“展开”版本：
这是用以下代码实现的：
\documentclass[a4paper, 11pt]{article}
\usepackage{float}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix,chains,positioning,decorations.pathreplacing,arrows}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.text}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.pathmorphing}
\usetikzlibrary{fit, arrows.meta}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.14}
\usepackage[]{algorithm2e}
\graphicspath{ {images/} }
\tikzset{%
every neuron/.style={
circle,
draw,
minimum size=1cm
},
neuron missing/.style={
draw=none,
scale=4,
text height=0.333cm,
execute at begin node=\color{black}$\vdots$
},
}
\def\layersep{2.5cm}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[x=1.5cm, y=1.5cm, >=stealth]
\foreach \m/\l [count=\y] in {1,2,3,4}
\node [every neuron/.try, neuron \m/.try] (input-\m) at (0,2.5-\y) {};
\foreach \m [count=\y] in {1,2}
\node [every neuron/.try, neuron \m/.try ] (hidden-\m) at (2,2-\y*1.25) {};
\foreach \m [count=\y] in {1,2}
\node [every neuron/.try, neuron \m/.try ] (output-\m) at (4,2-\y*1.25) {};
\foreach \l [count=\i] in {1,2,3,n}
\draw [<-] (input-\i) -- ++(-1,0)
node [above, midway] {};
\foreach \l [count=\i] in {1,n}
\node [above] at (hidden-\i.north) {};
\foreach \l [count=\i] in {1,n}
\draw [->] (output-\i) -- ++(1,0)
node [above, midway] {};
\foreach \i in {1,...,4}
\foreach \j in {1,...,2}
\draw [->] (input-\i) -- (hidden-\j);
\foreach \i in {1,...,2}
\foreach \j in {1,...,2}
\draw [->] (hidden-\i) -- (output-\j);
\draw[->,shorten >=1pt] (hidden-1) to [out=90,in=180,loop,looseness=8.8] (hidden-1);
\draw[->,shorten >=1pt] (hidden-2) to [out=-90,in=180,loop,looseness=8.8] (hidden-2);
\draw[->,shorten >=1pt] (hidden-1) to [out=180,in=180,loop,looseness=2.8] (hidden-2);
\draw[->,shorten >=1pt] (hidden-2) to [out=180,in=180,loop,looseness=1.8] (hidden-1);
\foreach \l [count=\x from 0] in {Input, Hidden, Ouput}
\node [align=center, above] at (\x*2,2) {\l \\ layer};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
现在，我正在尝试做这样的事情，但无法真正弄清楚如何修改我的代码，以便拥有三个彼此相邻的网络：
我查看了以下链接中的问题，但它与我想做的并不完全相同：如何绘制循环神经网络
那么我可以修改我的代码来实现这一点吗？你认为可以将网络旋转 -90 度，以便它们更好地适应 A4 页面吗？
答案1
一种可能的方法是添加另一个\foreach循环，将您所做的所有事情重复三次。请注意，节点位于例如(0+\X,2.5-\y)，其中\X是新外层循环的循环变量。对节点名称进行了一些调整，以适应相同的三个实例。
\foreach可能需要对新添加的箭头（最后的循环）进行一些调整。
要旋转它，只需交换 x 和 y 坐标即可。下面，我交换了单位向量。
我注释掉了一些未使用和不可见的节点。
\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\tikzset{%
every neuron/.style={
circle,
draw,
minimum size=1cm
},
neuron missing/.style={
draw=none,
scale=4,
text height=0.333cm,
execute at begin node=\color{black}$\vdots$
},
}
\begin{document}
\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
% swap the unit vectors
x={(0,-1cm)},
y={(1.5cm,0)},
>=stealth,
]
\foreach [count=\xx] \X in {0,6.5,13}{
\foreach \m/\l [count=\y] in {1,2,3,4}
\node [every neuron/.try, neuron \m/.try] (input-\m-\xx) at (0+\X,2.5-\y) {};
\foreach \m [count=\y] in {1,2}
\node [every neuron/.try, neuron \m/.try ] (hidden-\m-\xx) at (2+\X,2-\y*1.25) {};
\foreach \m [count=\y] in {1,2}
\node [every neuron/.try, neuron \m/.try ] (output-\m-\xx) at (4+\X,2-\y*1.25) {};
\foreach \l [count=\i] in {1,2,3,n}
\draw [<-] (input-\i-\xx) -- ++(-1,0);
% node [above, midway] {};
%\foreach \l [count=\i] in {1,n}
% \node [above] at (hidden-\i-\xx.north) {};
\foreach \l [count=\i] in {1,n}
\draw [->] (output-\i-\xx) -- ++(1,0);
% node [above, midway] {};
\foreach \i in {1,...,4}
\foreach \j in {1,...,2}
\draw [->] (input-\i-\xx) -- (hidden-\j-\xx);
\foreach \i in {1,...,2}
\foreach \j in {1,...,2}
\draw [->] (hidden-\i-\xx) -- (output-\j-\xx);
\draw[->,shorten >=1pt] (hidden-1-\xx) to [out=0,in=90,loop,looseness=8.8] (hidden-1-\xx);
\draw[->,shorten >=1pt] (hidden-2-\xx) to [out=180,in=90,loop,looseness=8.8] (hidden-2-\xx);
\draw[->,shorten >=1pt] (hidden-1-\xx) to [out=90,in=90,loop,looseness=1.7] (hidden-2-\xx);
\draw[->,shorten >=1pt] (hidden-2-\xx) to [out=90,in=90,loop,looseness=1] (hidden-1-\xx);
\foreach \l/\txt [count=\x from 0] in {Input/input, Hidden/hidden, Output/output}
\node [align=center] at (\txt-1-\xx-|+0,3) {\l \\ layer};
}% end of outer foreach
\foreach [evaluate=\i as \j using int(\i+1)] \i in {1,2}
{
\draw [red] (hidden-1-\i) to[bend left] (hidden-1-\j);
\draw [red] (hidden-1-\i) to[bend left] (hidden-2-\j);
\draw [red] (hidden-2-\i) to[bend right] (hidden-1-\j);
\draw [red] (hidden-2-\i) to[bend right] (hidden-2-\j);
}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}
\end{document}
彼此相邻
但这仍然比文本块宽。
\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\tikzset{%
every neuron/.style={
circle,
draw,
minimum size=7mm
},
neuron missing/.style={
draw=none,
scale=4,
text height=0.333cm,
execute at begin node=\color{black}$\vdots$
},
}
\begin{document}
\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
% swap the unit vectors
x={(0,-1cm)},
y={(1.1cm,0)},
>=stealth,
]
\foreach [count=\xx] \X in {0,4,8}{
\foreach \m/\l [count=\y] in {1,2,3,4}
\node [every neuron/.try, neuron \m/.try] (input-\m-\xx) at (0,2.5-\y+\X) {};
\foreach \m [count=\y] in {1,2}
\node [every neuron/.try, neuron \m/.try ] (hidden-\m-\xx) at (2,2-\y*1.25+\X) {};
\foreach \m [count=\y] in {1,2}
\node [every neuron/.try, neuron \m/.try ] (output-\m-\xx) at (4,2-\y*1.25+\X) {};
\foreach \l [count=\i] in {1,2,3,n}
\draw [<-] (input-\i-\xx) -- ++(-1,0);
% node [above, midway] {};
%\foreach \l [count=\i] in {1,n}
% \node [above] at (hidden-\i-\xx.north) {};
\foreach \l [count=\i] in {1,n}
\draw [->] (output-\i-\xx) -- ++(1,0);
% node [above, midway] {};
\foreach \i in {1,...,4}
\foreach \j in {1,...,2}
\draw [->] (input-\i-\xx) -- (hidden-\j-\xx);
\foreach \i in {1,...,2}
\foreach \j in {1,...,2}
\draw [->] (hidden-\i-\xx) -- (output-\j-\xx);
\draw[->,shorten >=1pt] (hidden-1-\xx) to [out=0,in=90,loop,looseness=8.8] (hidden-1-\xx);
\draw[->,shorten >=1pt] (hidden-2-\xx) to [out=180,in=90,loop,looseness=8.8] (hidden-2-\xx);
\draw[->,shorten >=1pt] (hidden-1-\xx) to [out=90,in=90,loop,looseness=1.7] (hidden-2-\xx);
\draw[->,shorten >=1pt] (hidden-2-\xx) to [out=90,in=90,loop,looseness=1] (hidden-1-\xx);
}% end of outer foreach
\foreach \l/\txt [count=\x from 0] in {Input/input, Hidden/hidden, Output/output}
\node [align=center] at (\txt-1-\xx-|0,-2.5) {\l \\ layer};
\foreach [evaluate=\i as \j using int(\i+1)] \i in {1,2}
{
\draw [red,->] (hidden-1-\i) to[bend left] (hidden-1-\j);
\draw [red,->] (hidden-1-\i) to[bend left] (hidden-2-\j);
\draw [red,->] (hidden-2-\i) to[bend right] (hidden-1-\j);
\draw [red,->] (hidden-2-\i) to[bend right] (hidden-2-\j);
}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}
\end{document}