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语境：这个问题是使用嵌套元素创建 TikZ 图片的最佳实践。符号 1假如一个答案对于这个问题，\scopenode定义在哪里。

\scopenode是将作用域转换为节点，即可以：通过 命名作用域name=foo；通过 定位作用域at=(somewhere)；通过 调整位置anchor=something。它们基本上很棒，因为它们可以嵌套。

然后，在如何使 tikzexternalize 和 saveboxes 的使用兼容？，成本加运费假如一个答案\scopenode通过同时显示 的\scopenode背景和 的内容来改进这些s \scopenode。（Scopenode 背景确实会被绘制多于内容否则。

问题：\scopenode我尝试在 Ti 中加入钾Z matrix。但是，我有一些问题：

  • 使用符号 1 的解决方案，\scopenodes 的位置很好，但是其内容没有显示，因为它隐藏在填充颜色后面。
    在此处输入图片描述

  • 使用 cfr 的解决方案，内容可以显示（并且定位良好），但\scopenode会变得混乱。
    在此处输入图片描述

问题：如何\scopenode兼容Ti钾是matrix嗎？

分子武器
（该示例创建一个矩阵一行和两列。在两个单元格（A1 和 B1）中，都填充绘制了一个范围节点。A（红橙色）以南锚定，B（黄绿色）以北锚定。在每个范围节点中，绘制一条从 (0,0) 到 (1,1) 的路径。

 _______
| A |   |
|---|---|  <-- baseline
|___|_B_|

使用符号 1 的解决方案：

\documentclass{article} 
\usepackage{tikz} 
\usetikzlibrary{matrix} 
\usetikzlibrary{backgrounds} 
% \usetikzlibrary{external} 
% \tikzexternalize 
% \tikzset{external/prefix=build/} 

\makeatletter 
\newbox\tikz@sand@box 
\newcount\tikz@scope@depth 
\tikz@scope@depth111\relax 
\def\scopenode[#1]#2{% 
\begin{pgfinterruptboundingbox}% 
\advance\tikz@scope@depth111\relax% 
% process the user option 
\begin{scope}[name=tempscopenodename,at={(0,0)},anchor=center,#1]% 
% try to extract positioning information: name, at, anchor 
\global\let\tikz@fig@name\tikz@fig@name% 
\global\let\tikz@node@at\tikz@node@at% 
\global\let\tikz@anchor\tikz@anchor% 
\end{scope}% 
\let\tikz@scopenode@name\tikz@fig@name% 
\let\tikz@scopenode@at\tikz@node@at% 
\let\tikz@scopenode@anchor\tikz@anchor% 
% try to typeset this scope 
% we only need bounding box information 
% the box itself will be discard 
\setbox\tikz@sand@box=\hbox{% 
\begin{scope}[local bounding box=tikz@sand@box\the\tikz@scope@depth,#1]% 
#2% 
\end{scope}% 
}% 
% goodbye. haha 
\setbox\tikz@sand@box=\hbox{}% 
% now typeset again 
\begin{scope}[local bounding box=\tikz@scopenode@name]% 
% use the bounding box information to reposition the scope 
\pgftransformshift{\pgfpointanchor{tikz@sand@box\the\tikz@scope@depth}{\tikz@scopenode@anchor}% 
\pgf@x-\pgf@x\pgf@y-\pgf@y}% 
\pgftransformshift{\tikz@scopenode@at}% 
\begin{scope}[#1]% 
#2 
\end{scope}% 
\end{scope}% 
\pgfkeys{/pgf/freeze local bounding box=\tikz@scopenode@name}% 
\global\let\tikz@scopenode@name@smuggle\tikz@scopenode@name% 
\end{pgfinterruptboundingbox}% 
% make up the bounding box 
\path(\tikz@scopenode@[email protected] west)(\tikz@scopenode@[email protected] east);% 
% draw something, not necessary 
\draw[#1](\tikz@scopenode@[email protected] west)rectangle(\tikz@scopenode@[email protected] east);% 
} 
\makeatother 
\begin{document} 
\begin{tikzpicture}[ 
remember picture, 
inner sep=0pt, 
outer sep=0pt, 
] 
\draw [help lines](-2,-2) grid (2,2); 
\matrix[ 
column sep=2em, 
row sep = 1em, 
nodes in empty cells, 
anchor=center, 
nodes={anchor=center}, 
] 
{ 
\scopenode[draw = red, fill = orange, anchor=south] { 
\draw [blue] (0,0) -- (1,1); 
}; 
& 
\scopenode[draw = yellow, fill = green, anchor=north] { 
\draw [black] (0,1) -- (1,0); 
}; 
\\ 
}; 
\end{tikzpicture} 
\end{document}

使用 cfr 的解决方案：

\documentclass{article} 
\usepackage{tikz} 
\usetikzlibrary{matrix} 
\usetikzlibrary{backgrounds} 
% \usetikzlibrary{external} 
% \tikzexternalize 
% \tikzset{external/prefix=build/} 

\makeatletter 
\pgfdeclarelayer{scopenode} 
\pgfsetlayers{background,scopenode,main} 
\tikzset{% 
% adapted from tex/generic/pgf/frontendlayer/tikz/libraries/tikzlibrarybackgrounds.code.tex 
on scopenode layer/.style={% 
execute at begin scope={% 
\pgfonlayer{scopenode}% 
\let\tikz@options=\pgfutil@empty% 
\tikzset{every on scopenode layer/.try,#1}% 
\tikz@options% 
}, 
execute at end scope={\endpgfonlayer} 
}, 
} 
% ateb Symbol 1: tex.stackexchange.com/a/… 
\newbox\tikz@sand@box 
\newcount\tikz@scope@depth 
\tikz@scope@depth111\relax 
\def\scopenode[#1]#2{% name=<enw>, at=<man>, anchor=<angor> 
\begin{pgfinterruptboundingbox}% 
\advance\tikz@scope@depth111\relax% 
% process the user option 
\begin{scope}[name=tempscopenodename,at={(0,0)},anchor=center,#1]% 
% try to extract positioning information: name, at, anchor 
\global\let\tikz@fig@name\tikz@fig@name% 
\global\let\tikz@node@at\tikz@node@at% 
\global\let\tikz@anchor\tikz@anchor% 
\end{scope}% 
\let\tikz@scopenode@name\tikz@fig@name% 
\let\tikz@scopenode@at\tikz@node@at% 
\let\tikz@scopenode@anchor\tikz@anchor% 
% try to typeset this scope 
% we only need bounding box information 
% the box itself will be discard 
\setbox\tikz@sand@box=\hbox{% 
\begin{scope}[local bounding box=tikz@sand@box\the\tikz@scope@depth,#1]% 
#2% 
\end{scope}% 
}% 
% goodbye. haha 
\setbox\tikz@sand@box=\hbox{}% 
% now typeset again 
\begin{scope}[local bounding box=\tikz@scopenode@name]% 
% use the bounding box information to reposition the scope 
\pgftransformshift{\pgfpointanchor{tikz@sand@box\the\tikz@scope@depth}{\tikz@scopenode@anchor}% 
\pgf@x-\pgf@x\pgf@y-\pgf@y}% 
\pgftransformshift{\tikz@scopenode@at}% 
\begin{scope}[#1]% 
#2 
\end{scope}% 
\end{scope}% 
\pgfkeys{/pgf/freeze local bounding box=\tikz@scopenode@name}% 
\global\let\tikz@scopenode@name@smuggle\tikz@scopenode@name% 
\end{pgfinterruptboundingbox}% 
% make up the bounding box 
\path(\tikz@scopenode@[email protected] west)(\tikz@scopenode@[email protected] east);% 
% draw something, not necessary 
\begin{scope}[on scopenode layer]% 
\draw[#1](\tikz@scopenode@[email protected] west)rectangle(\tikz@scopenode@[email protected] east);% 
\end{scope}% 
} 
\makeatother 
\begin{document} 
\begin{tikzpicture}[ 
remember picture, 
inner sep=0pt, 
outer sep=0pt, 
] 
\draw [help lines](-2,-2) grid (2,2); 
\matrix[ 
column sep=2em, 
row sep = 1em, 
nodes in empty cells, 
anchor=center, 
nodes={anchor=center}, 
] 
{ 
\scopenode[draw = red, fill = orange, anchor=south] { 
\draw [blue] (0,0) -- (1,1); 
}; 
& 
\scopenode[draw = yellow, fill = green, anchor=north] { 
\draw [black] (0,1) -- (1,0); 
}; 
\\ 
}; 
\end{tikzpicture} 
\end{document}

答案1

这是迄今为止我能得到的最好的结果：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix}
\usetikzlibrary{backgrounds}
% \usetikzlibrary{external}
% \tikzexternalize
% \tikzset{external/prefix=build/}

\makeatletter
    \newbox\tikz@sand@box
    \newcount\tikz@scope@depth
    \newdimen\tikz@scope@shiftx
    \newdimen\tikz@scope@shifty
    \newdimen\tikz@scope@swx
    \newdimen\tikz@scope@swy
    \newdimen\tikz@scope@nex
    \newdimen\tikz@scope@ney
    \tikz@scope@depth111\relax
    \def\scopenode[#1]#2{%
        \begin{pgfinterruptboundingbox}%
            \advance\tikz@scope@depth111\relax%
            % process the user option
            \begin{scope}[name=tempscopenodename,at={(0,0)},anchor=center,#1]%
                % try to extract positioning information: name, at, anchor
                \global\let\tikz@fig@name@\tikz@fig@name%
                \global\let\tikz@node@at@\tikz@node@at%
                \global\let\tikz@anchor@\tikz@anchor%
            \end{scope}%
            \let\tikz@scopenode@name\tikz@fig@name@%
            \let\tikz@scopenode@at\tikz@node@at@%
            \let\tikz@scopenode@anchor\tikz@anchor@%
            % try to typeset this scope
            % we only need bounding box information
            % the box itself will be discard
            \setbox\tikz@sand@box=\hbox{%
                \begin{scope}[local bounding box=tikz@sand@box\the\tikz@scope@depth,#1]%
                    #2%
                \end{scope}%
            }%
            % goodbye. haha
            \setbox\tikz@sand@box=\hbox{}%
            % now typeset again
            \begin{scope}[local bounding box=\tikz@scopenode@name]%
                % use the bounding box information to reposition the scope
                \pgfpointanchor{tikz@sand@box\the\tikz@scope@depth}{\tikz@scopenode@anchor}%
                \tikz@scope@shiftx-\pgf@x%
                \tikz@scope@shifty-\pgf@y%
                \tikz@scopenode@at%
                \advance\tikz@scope@shiftx\pgf@x%
                \advance\tikz@scope@shifty\pgf@y%
                \pgftransformshift{\pgfpoint{\tikz@scope@shiftx}{\tikz@scope@shifty}}
                % the background path
                % lengthy, tedious calculation
                % someone please improve this
                \pgfpointanchor{tikz@sand@box\the\tikz@scope@depth}{south west}
                \tikz@scope@swx\pgf@x\advance\tikz@scope@swx\tikz@scope@shiftx
                \tikz@scope@swy\pgf@y\advance\tikz@scope@swy\tikz@scope@shifty
                \pgfpointanchor{tikz@sand@box\the\tikz@scope@depth}{north east}
                \tikz@scope@nex\pgf@x\advance\tikz@scope@nex\tikz@scope@shiftx
                \tikz@scope@ney\pgf@y\advance\tikz@scope@ney\tikz@scope@shifty
                \path(\tikz@scope@swx,\tikz@scope@swy)coordinate(tempsw)
                     (\tikz@scope@nex,\tikz@scope@ney)coordinate(tempne);
                \path[#1](tempsw)rectangle(tempne);
                % typeset the content for real
                \begin{scope}[#1]%
                    #2%
                \end{scope}%
            \end{scope}%
            \pgfkeys{/pgf/freeze local bounding box=\tikz@scopenode@name}%
            \global\let\tikz@scopenode@name@smuggle\tikz@scopenode@name%
        \end{pgfinterruptboundingbox}%
        % make up the bounding box
        \path(\tikz@scopenode@[email protected] west)(\tikz@scopenode@[email protected] east);%
        % compatible code for matrix
        \expandafter\pgf@nodecallback\expandafter{\tikz@scopenode@name@smuggle}%
    }
\makeatother



\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture,inner sep=0pt,outer sep=0pt]
        \draw[help lines](-2,-2)grid(2,2);
        \matrix()
        [
            column sep=2em,
            row sep=1em,
            nodes in empty cells,
            anchor=center,
            nodes={anchor=center},
        ]
        {
            \scopenode[draw=red,fill=orange,name=aaa,anchor=south] {
                \draw[blue](0,0)--(1,1)circle(.2);
            };
            &
            \scopenode[draw=yellow,fill=green,name=bbb,anchor=north] {
                \draw[black](0,1)--(1,0)circle(.1);
            };
            &
            \scopenode[fill=cyan,name=ccc,anchor=east,scale=.8] {
                \draw(0,0)--(1,1)circle(.3)--(2,0);
            };
            \\
            \node(aaaa){};
            &
            \node(bbbb){};
            &
            \node(cccc){};
            \\
        };
    \draw[->](2,2)node[above]{this is the orange scopenode}to[bend left](aaa.east);
    \draw[->](-2,-2)node[below]{this is the green scopenode}to[bend left](bbb.west);
    \draw[->](3,-1)node[right]{this is the cyan scopenode}to[bend left](ccc.south);
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

进口信息

亲爱的未来的我：

供您参考，矩阵的内容在水平框中仅排版一次。然后它们被移动到相应的单元格。然后整个矩阵移动到所需位置。第一次移动由 完成，\pgf@matrix@shift@nodes@initial第二次移动由 完成\pgf@matrix@shift@nodes@secondary。它们只是应用于\pgf@shift@node节点列表。要注册 scopenode，您添加了以下行

\expandafter\pgf@nodecallback\expandafter{\tikz@scopenode@name@smuggle}%

因此范围节点也被移动了。

目前，scopenode 中的所有内容都会被排版两次。对于嵌套的 scopenode，内容会被排版 2次。这真的很令人沮丧。也许有人可以通过 Ti 来改进这一点钾Z 处理矩阵。

（但是矩阵不能嵌套。你赢了！）

另外，你改变了

\global\let\tikz@fig@name\tikz@fig@name

到

\global\let\tikz@fig@name@\tikz@fig@name

因此 scopenode 的名称无法在其他地方访问。

尤其是 Ti钾Z 将应用于\pgf@shift@node矩阵本身。如果矩阵未命名，则最后一个作用域节点将被移动，这是不必要的。你花了两个小时才发现这个愚蠢的错误。吸取教训。

此外，你对 scopenode 的背景路径进行了硬编码，以便它现在在范围的内容之前填充/绘制。（因此得名背景path)但是计算比较冗长，而且显得多余，希望有人可以改进。

尽管如此，您还是避免使用pgfonlayer。这很好。

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