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在多列表格中，行与行之间留出空间，并将内容居中

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在多列表格中，行与行之间留出空间，并将内容居中

我正在用乳胶制作一个表格，我想在第一行和第二行（开关矢量和 a、b、c）和（输出电压和 Va、Vb、Vc）之间添加更多空间，并且我想在中间有开关矢量和输出电压。 在此处输入图片描述

这是乳胶代码：

\usepackage{caption}

\usepackage{array}

\usepackage{booktabs,multirow}

\begin{table}[!ht]

\centering

\vspace{1ex} 

\begin{tabular}{|c| p{0.4 cm}| p{0.4 cm}| p{0.4cm}| c | c | c |} \hline

\multirow{3}{*}{
\parbox[c]{.2\linewidth}{\centering Voltage vectors}} & 

 \multicolumn{3}{l|}{Switching vectors }&

\multicolumn{3}{c|}{Output voltage} \\ \cline{2-7}

\rule{0pt}{4ex} 

& a & b & c & Va & Vb & Vc \\ \hline

\rule{0pt}{4ex}   

V0& 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ \hline

\rule{0pt}{4ex}  

V1& 1 & 0 & 0 & 2Udc/3 & -Udc/3 & -Udc/3 \\ \hline

\rule{0pt}{4ex}  

V2& 1 & 1 & 0 & Udc/3 & Udc/3 & -2Udc/3 \\ \hline

\rule{0pt}{4ex} 

V3& 0& 1 & 0 & -Udc/3 & 2Udc/3 & -Udc/3 \\ \hline

\rule{0pt}{4ex}  

V4& 0 & 1 & 1 & -2Udc/3 &  Udc/3 &  Udc/3 \\ \hline

\rule{0pt}{4ex}  

V5& 0 & 0 & 1 & -Udc/3 &  -Udc/3 &  2Udc/3 \\ \hline

\rule{0pt}{4ex}  

V6& 1 & 0 & 1 & Udc/3 &  -2Udc/3 &  Udc/3 \\ \hline

\rule{0pt}{4ex}  

V7& 1 & 1 & 1 & 0 & 0 &  0\\ \hline

\end{tabular}

\end{table}

答案1

使用bigstrut随附的包，multirow您可以在需要更宽间距的行尾执行此命令：

第一个示例

\begin{table}
  \centering
  \vspace{1ex}
  \begin{tabular}{|c| p{0.4 cm}| p{0.4 cm}| p{0.4cm}| c | c | c |}
    \hline
    \multirow{3}{*}{
    \parbox[c]{.2\linewidth}{\centering Voltage vectors}}
    & \multicolumn{3}{l|}{Switching vectors }
    & \multicolumn{3}{c|}{Output voltage} \bigstrut\\ \cline{2-7}
    & a & b & c & Va & Vb & Vc \bigstrut \\ \hline
    \rule{0pt}{4ex}
    V0& 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ \hline
    \rule{0pt}{4ex}
    V1& 1 & 0 & 0 & 2Udc/3 & -Udc/3 & -Udc/3 \\ \hline
    \rule{0pt}{4ex}
    V2& 1 & 1 & 0 & Udc/3 & Udc/3 & -2Udc/3 \\ \hline
    \rule{0pt}{4ex}
    V3& 0& 1 & 0 & -Udc/3 & 2Udc/3 & -Udc/3 \\ \hline
    \rule{0pt}{4ex}
    V4& 0 & 1 & 1 & -2Udc/3 &  Udc/3 &  Udc/3 \\ \hline
    \rule{0pt}{4ex}
    V5& 0 & 0 & 1 & -Udc/3 &  -Udc/3 &  2Udc/3 \\ \hline
    \rule{0pt}{4ex}
    V6& 1 & 0 & 1 & Udc/3 &  -2Udc/3 &  Udc/3 \\ \hline
    \rule{0pt}{4ex}
    V7& 1 & 1 & 1 & 0 & 0 &  0\\ \hline
  \end{tabular}
\end{table}

\bigstrutjot通过例如调整\setlength{\bigstrutjot}{4pc}来获得不同尺寸的间距。

但是，您最好使用booktabs正在加载的包的想法：

第二个示例

\begin{table}
  \centering
  \newcommand{\Udc}{U_{\mathrm{dc}}}
  \begin{tabular}{c *3{p{0.4cm}} *3{c}}
    \toprule
    \multirow{2}{*}{Voltage vectors}
    & \multicolumn{3}{l}{Switching vectors}
    & \multicolumn{3}{c}{Output voltage} \\
    \cmidrule(lr){2-4} \cmidrule(lr){5-7}
    & a & b & c & Va & Vb & Vc  \\
    \midrule
    V0& 0 & 0 & 0 & $0$ & $0$ & $0$ \\
    V1& 1 & 0 & 0 & $2\Udc/3$ & $-\Udc/3$ & $-\Udc/3$ \\
    V2& 1 & 1 & 0 & $\Udc/3$ & $\Udc/3$ & $-2\Udc/3$ \\
    V3& 0 & 1 & 0 & $-\Udc/3$ & $2\Udc/3$ & $-\Udc/3$ \\
    V4& 0 & 1 & 1 & $-2\Udc/3$ & $\Udc/3$ & $\Udc/3$ \\
    V5& 0 & 0 & 1 & $-\Udc/3$ & $-\Udc/3$ & $2\Udc/3$ \\
    V6& 1 & 0 & 1 & $\Udc/3$ & $-2\Udc/3$ & $\Udc/3$ \\
    V7& 1 & 1 & 1 & $0$ & $0$ & $0$ \\
    \bottomrule
  \end{tabular}
\end{table}

如果需要，您可以添加\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.2}更多内容以增加行间距。请注意，在第二个版本中，我还将电压设置为数学量，以便正确打印减号。

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{array,booktabs,multirow,bigstrut}

\begin{document}

\begin{table}
  \centering
  \vspace{1ex}
  \begin{tabular}{|c| p{0.4 cm}| p{0.4 cm}| p{0.4cm}| c | c | c |}
    \hline
    \multirow{3}{*}{
    \parbox[c]{.2\linewidth}{\centering Voltage vectors}}
    & \multicolumn{3}{l|}{Switching vectors }
    & \multicolumn{3}{c|}{Output voltage} \bigstrut\\ \cline{2-7}
    & a & b & c & Va & Vb & Vc \bigstrut \\ \hline
    \rule{0pt}{4ex}
    V0& 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ \hline
    \rule{0pt}{4ex}
    V1& 1 & 0 & 0 & 2Udc/3 & -Udc/3 & -Udc/3 \\ \hline
    \rule{0pt}{4ex}
    V2& 1 & 1 & 0 & Udc/3 & Udc/3 & -2Udc/3 \\ \hline
    \rule{0pt}{4ex}
    V3& 0& 1 & 0 & -Udc/3 & 2Udc/3 & -Udc/3 \\ \hline
    \rule{0pt}{4ex}
    V4& 0 & 1 & 1 & -2Udc/3 &  Udc/3 &  Udc/3 \\ \hline
    \rule{0pt}{4ex}
    V5& 0 & 0 & 1 & -Udc/3 &  -Udc/3 &  2Udc/3 \\ \hline
    \rule{0pt}{4ex}
    V6& 1 & 0 & 1 & Udc/3 &  -2Udc/3 &  Udc/3 \\ \hline
    \rule{0pt}{4ex}
    V7& 1 & 1 & 1 & 0 & 0 &  0\\ \hline
  \end{tabular}
\end{table}


\begin{table}
  \centering
  \newcommand{\Udc}{U_{\mathrm{dc}}}
  \begin{tabular}{c *3{p{0.4cm}} *3{c}}
    \toprule
    \multirow{2}{*}{Voltage vectors}
    & \multicolumn{3}{l}{Switching vectors}
    & \multicolumn{3}{c}{Output voltage} \\
    \cmidrule(lr){2-4} \cmidrule(lr){5-7}
    & a & b & c & Va & Vb & Vc  \\
    \midrule
    V0& 0 & 0 & 0 & $0$ & $0$ & $0$ \\
    V1& 1 & 0 & 0 & $2\Udc/3$ & $-\Udc/3$ & $-\Udc/3$ \\
    V2& 1 & 1 & 0 & $\Udc/3$ & $\Udc/3$ & $-2\Udc/3$ \\
    V3& 0 & 1 & 0 & $-\Udc/3$ & $2\Udc/3$ & $-\Udc/3$ \\
    V4& 0 & 1 & 1 & $-2\Udc/3$ & $\Udc/3$ & $\Udc/3$ \\
    V5& 0 & 0 & 1 & $-\Udc/3$ & $-\Udc/3$ & $2\Udc/3$ \\
    V6& 1 & 0 & 1 & $\Udc/3$ & $-2\Udc/3$ & $\Udc/3$ \\
    V7& 1 & 1 & 1 & $0$ & $0$ & $0$ \\
    \bottomrule
  \end{tabular}
\end{table}

\end{document}

答案2

此解决方案仅用于\arraystretch增加垂直空间。我删除了几个未使用的包。

\documentclass{standalone} 
\usepackage{multirow}
\begin{document}
\def\arraystretch{2}%
\begin{tabular}{|c| p{0.4 cm}| p{0.4 cm}| p{0.4cm}| c | c | c |} \hline
\multirow{2}{*}{\centering Voltage vectors} &
\multicolumn{3}{l|}{Switching vectors }&
\multicolumn{3}{c|}{Output voltage} \\ \cline{2-7}
& a & b & c & Va & Vb & Vc \\ \hline
V0& 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ \hline
V1& 1 & 0 & 0 & 2Udc/3 & -Udc/3 & -Udc/3 \\ \hline
V2& 1 & 1 & 0 & Udc/3 & Udc/3 & -2Udc/3 \\ \hline
V3& 0& 1 & 0 & -Udc/3 & 2Udc/3 & -Udc/3 \\ \hline
V4& 0 & 1 & 1 & -2Udc/3 &  Udc/3 &  Udc/3 \\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{document}

演示

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