我正在阅读主题答案如何在 Debian 或 Ubuntu 上安装“原始” TeXLive？并完成 mono-TeXLive 设置，但答案提出的测试sudo apt install kile失败，因此允许安装，kile尽管应该通过 来阻止它equivs。设置预防机制 - 让 Debian 认为您在成功安装后安装了 TeXLivetmlgr
masi@masi:~$ sudo apt install equivs --no-install-recommends
[sudo] password for masi:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
chktex dvidvi fonts-cabin fonts-comfortaa fonts-ebgaramond fonts-ebgaramond-extra fonts-freefont-otf
fonts-gfs-artemisia fonts-gfs-complutum fonts-gfs-didot fonts-gfs-neohellenic fonts-gfs-olga
fonts-gfs-solomos fonts-inconsolata fonts-junicode fonts-lato fonts-lobster fonts-lobstertwo
fonts-oflb-asana-math fonts-sil-gentium fonts-sil-gentium-basic lacheck latexdiff
libboost-signals1.55.0 libfile-homedir-perl libfile-which-perl libpotrace0 libptexenc1 libsynctex1
libyaml-tiny-perl libzzip-0-13 pfb2t1c2pfb ps2eps ttf-adf-accanthis ttf-adf-gillius ttf-adf-universalis
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
The following NEW packages will be installed:
equivs
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 61 not upgraded.
Need to get 20.7 kB of archives.
After this operation, 147 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian/ jessie/main equivs all 2.0.9 [20.7 kB]
Fetched 20.7 kB in 0s (63.0 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package equivs.
(Reading database ... 230892 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../archives/equivs_2.0.9_all.deb ...
Unpacking equivs (2.0.9) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.0.2-5) ...
Setting up equivs (2.0.9) ...
masi@masi:~$ mkdir -p /tmp/tl-equivs && cd /tmp/tl-equivs
masi@masi:/tmp/tl-equivs$ equivs-control texlive-local
masi@masi:/tmp/tl-equivs$ wget -O texlive-local https://www.tug.org/texlive/files/debian-equivs-2017-ex.txt--2017-06-07 23:31:19-- https://www.tug.org/texlive/files/debian-equivs-2017-ex.txt
Resolving www.tug.org (www.tug.org)... 91.121.174.77
Connecting to www.tug.org (www.tug.org)|91.121.174.77|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 2314 (2.3K) [text/plain]
Saving to: ‘texlive-local’
texlive-local 100%[=========================================>] 2.26K --.-KB/s in 0s
2017-06-07 23:31:20 (71.4 MB/s) - ‘texlive-local’ saved [2314/2314]
masi@masi:/tmp/tl-equivs$ equivs-build texlive-local
dh_testdir
dh_testroot
dh_prep
dh_testdir
dh_testroot
dh_install
dh_installdocs
dh_installchangelogs
dh_compress
dh_fixperms
dh_installdeb
dh_gencontrol
dpkg-gencontrol: warning: File::FcntlLock not available; using flock which is not NFS-safe
dh_md5sums
dh_builddeb
dpkg-deb: building package `texlive-local' in `../texlive-local_2017-1_all.deb'.
The package has been created.
Attention, the package has been created in the current directory,
not in ".." as indicated by the message above!
masi@masi:/tmp/tl-equivs$ sudo dpkg -i texlive-local_2017-1_all.deb
Selecting previously unselected package texlive-local.
(Reading database ... 230917 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack texlive-local_2017-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking texlive-local (2017-1) ...
Setting up texlive-local (2017-1) ...
masi@masi:/tmp/tl-equivs$ sudo apt install -f
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
chktex dvidvi fonts-cabin fonts-comfortaa fonts-ebgaramond fonts-ebgaramond-extra fonts-freefont-otf
fonts-gfs-artemisia fonts-gfs-complutum fonts-gfs-didot fonts-gfs-neohellenic fonts-gfs-olga
fonts-gfs-solomos fonts-inconsolata fonts-junicode fonts-lato fonts-lobster fonts-lobstertwo
fonts-oflb-asana-math fonts-sil-gentium fonts-sil-gentium-basic lacheck latexdiff
libboost-signals1.55.0 libfile-homedir-perl libfile-which-perl libpotrace0 libptexenc1 libsynctex1
libyaml-tiny-perl libzzip-0-13 pfb2t1c2pfb ps2eps ttf-adf-accanthis ttf-adf-gillius ttf-adf-universalis
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 61 not upgraded.
测试在此处失败，因为上述设置应该可以防止这种情况发生
masi@masi:/tmp/tl-equivs$ sudo apt install kile
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
chktex dvidvi fonts-cabin fonts-comfortaa fonts-ebgaramond fonts-ebgaramond-extra fonts-freefont-otf
fonts-gfs-artemisia fonts-gfs-complutum fonts-gfs-didot fonts-gfs-neohellenic fonts-gfs-olga
fonts-gfs-solomos fonts-inconsolata fonts-junicode fonts-lato fonts-lobster fonts-lobstertwo
fonts-oflb-asana-math fonts-sil-gentium fonts-sil-gentium-basic lacheck latexdiff
libboost-signals1.55.0 libfile-homedir-perl libfile-which-perl libpotrace0 libptexenc1 libsynctex1
libyaml-tiny-perl libzzip-0-13 pfb2t1c2pfb ps2eps ttf-adf-accanthis ttf-adf-gillius ttf-adf-universalis
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
The following extra packages will be installed:
konsole libkonq-common libkonq5-templates libkonq5abi1
Suggested packages:
dblatex kile-doc kile-l10n kbibtex latex2html lilypond texlive-doc-base
The following NEW packages will be installed:
kile konsole libkonq-common libkonq5-templates libkonq5abi1
0 upgraded, 5 newly installed, 0 to remove and 61 not upgraded.
Need to get 2,369 kB of archives.
After this operation, 6,785 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Get:1 http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian/ jessie/main libkonq5-templates all 4:4.14.2-1 [42.6 kB]
...
Setting up kile (4:2.1.3-2) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.19-18+deb8u9) ...
masi@masi:/tmp/tl-equivs$ sudo apt install kile
操作系统：Debian 8.7
TeXLive：2017
答案1
大卫的回答
[预防 tex 包] 正是 apt-get 这样的包管理器所做的，并且您使用 kile 进行的测试表明它有效，您安装了 kile，但并没有触发系统 tex 的安装，因为您已经告诉 apt 您已经有一个等效的包。