两栏文章中不需要的空白 LaTeX

Question

我正在写一篇有两列的文章，但不幸的是，添加图片后，标题、章节等之间的空间被修改了，出现了很多空白。我该如何解决？

我的代码：

\documentclass[9pt,a4paper, twocolumn]{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage[bitstream-charter]{mathdesign}
\usepackage{makeidx}
\usepackage{graphicx,graphics}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\hypersetup{%
    colorlinks=true,
    linkcolor=blue,
    bookmarksnumbered,
    citecolor=blue,
    urlcolor=blue,
    bookmarksopen=true}
\usepackage[left=2.00cm, right=2.00cm, top=2.00cm, bottom=2.00cm]{geometry}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage[brazil]{babel}
\usepackage[comma,authoryear,round]{natbib}
\usepackage[none]{hyphenat} 
\usepackage{multicol} 
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{pdflscape} 
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{subfig} 
\setlength{\parindent}{1cm}
\usepackage{placeins}
\usepackage[explicit]{titlesec}%para usar titlespacing e titleformat
\usepackage{icomma}
\usepackage[inline]{enumitem}
\usepackage{microtype}
\sloppy
\usepackage[export]{adjustbox}
\usepackage[font=footnotesize,justification=centering]{caption}
\usepackage{authblk}
\renewcommand*{\Authands}{ \& }
\renewcommand*{\Authand}{ \& }
\titlespacing*{\part}{0cm}{10pt}{10pt} %espaçamento dos titulos e o texto
\titlespacing*{\section}{0cm}{10pt}{100pt}
\titlespacing*{\subsection}{0cm}{10pt}{10pt}
\titlespacing*{\subsubsection}{0cm}{10pt}{10pt}
\titlespacing*{\paragraph}{0cm}{10pt}{10pt}
\usepackage{blindtext}
%
%
%
\begin{document}
    \title{\textbf{A title for the example}}
    \author[1]{Author One}
    \author[2,$\bigstar$]{Author Two}
    \affil[1]{\textit{University of One}}
    \affil[2]{\textit{University of Two}}
    \affil[$\bigstar$]{\textit{Some Notes}}
    \maketitle
    %%%%%%%%%%%%%
    \begin{abstract}
        An Abstract
    \end{abstract}
    %
    \section{Introdução}
    \subsection{Contexto}
\blindtext\par
    %
\blindtext\par
%
\begin{figure}[tbh]
    \centering
    \makebox[\linewidth]{This} \par
    \makebox[\linewidth]{is} \par
    \makebox[\linewidth]{a} \par
    \makebox[\linewidth]{simple} \par
    \makebox[\linewidth]{figure} \par
    \caption{Figure Caption}
\end{figure}
%
And here goes a big figure for ilustrate my problem with the spaces\par
\begin{figure*}[tbh]
    \centering
    \makebox[\linewidth]{This} \par
    \makebox[\linewidth]{is} \par
    \makebox[\linewidth]{the} \par
    \makebox[\linewidth]{big} \par
    \makebox[\linewidth]{figure} \par
    \caption{Figure Caption}
\end{figure*}
%
\Blindtext
\end{document}

这是不想要的结果

Answer 1

您的问题是以下一行：

\titlespacing*{\section}{0cm}{10pt}{100pt}

要求在节后留出 100pt 的空间。只需将其更改为

\titlespacing*{\section}{0cm}{10pt}{10pt}