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为什么 tikz 中的转变不起作用？

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为什么 tikz 中的转变不起作用？

我喜欢环形图，所以我想在我的文档中使用一种环形图。感谢 Jack 的回答环形图(https://tex.stackexchange.com/users/2552/jake)。但是当我在文档中使用代码时，图表的位置不太好。所以我想将其 xshift。但是命令 xshift 不起作用！发生了什么？

\documentclass[border=10pt]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows}
\begin{document}

% Adjusts the size of the wheel:
\def\innerradius{1.cm}
\def\outerradius{2cm}

% The main macro
\newcommand{\wheelchart}[1]{
% Calculate total
\pgfmathsetmacro{\totalnum}{0}
\foreach \value/\colour/\name in {#1} {
    \pgfmathparse{\value+\totalnum}
    \global\let\totalnum=\pgfmathresult
}

\begin{tikzpicture}
  % Calculate the thickness and the middle line of the wheel
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\wheelwidth}{\outerradius-\innerradius}
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\midradius}{(\outerradius+\innerradius)/2}
  \draw[red] (0,0) circle [radius=2.5cm];
  % Rotate so we start from the top
  \begin{scope}[xshift=-1cm,rotate=90]%%here I want to xshift

  % Loop through each value set. \cumnum keeps track of where we are in the wheel
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\cumnum}{0}
  \foreach \value/\colour/\name in {#1} {
        \pgfmathsetmacro{\newcumnum}{\cumnum + \value/\totalnum*360}

        % Calculate the percent value
        \pgfmathsetmacro{\percentage}{\value/\totalnum*100}
        % Calculate the mid angle of the colour segments to place the labels
        \pgfmathsetmacro{\midangle}{-(\cumnum+\newcumnum)/2}

        % This is necessary for the labels to align nicely
        \pgfmathparse{
           (-\midangle<180?"west":"east")
        } \edef\textanchor{\pgfmathresult}
        \pgfmathsetmacro\labelshiftdir{1-2*(-\midangle>180)}

        % Draw the color segments. Somehow, the \midrow units got lost, so we add 'pt' at the end. Not nice...
        \fill[\colour] (-\cumnum:\outerradius) arc (-\cumnum:-(\newcumnum):\outerradius) --
        (-\newcumnum:\innerradius) arc (-\newcumnum:-(\cumnum):\innerradius) -- cycle;

        % Draw the data labels
        \draw  [*-,thin] node [append after command={(\midangle:\midradius pt) -- (\midangle:\outerradius + 1ex) -- (\tikzlastnode)}] at (\midangle:\outerradius + 1ex) [xshift=\labelshiftdir*0.5cm,inner sep=0pt, outer sep=0pt, ,anchor=\textanchor]{\name: \pgfmathprintnumber{\percentage}\%};


        % Set the old cumulated angle to the new value
        \global\let\cumnum=\newcumnum
    }

  \end{scope}
  \clip (-0cm,-2.5cm) rectangle (5cm,2.5cm);%there should be some problems but the tikz ignores it, why?
  %\draw[gray] (0,0) circle (\outerradius) circle (\innerradius);
\end{tikzpicture}
}
\wheelchart{26/cyan/Corporate,  28/orange/Plastique, 33.5/yellow/Chimique, 12.5/blue!50!red/Rhodia}

\end{document}

横移=0厘米 在此处输入图片描述

横移=-2厘米 在此处输入图片描述

上面这两张图是我修改参数之后的真实输出xshift（哪里？ \begin{scope}[xshift=-1cm,rotate=-90])。那么为什么呢？感谢您的阅读和回答。我已经安装了 texlive 2017。

我想要彩色圆圈沿 x 轴移动。长度可以由我决定。因为我的文档有两列这样的。 在此处输入图片描述

彩色圆圈现在位于左列，但是我想像这样将它移动到右列；

在此处输入图片描述

这样，就会出现一些错误，如上图所示。我尝试 xshift，但失败了。昨晚我听取了建议，用来\clip解决了我的问题。但为什么xshift没有按我想要的方式工作呢？（向左移动）

答案1

您的问题是 tikzpicture 之外的所有内容都会在 tikzpicture 的左侧或右侧增加空间。我添加了一些代码来绘制边界框，然后删除了多余的空间，直到边界框与独立的边缘匹配。

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows}

% Adjusts the size of the wheel:
\def\innerradius{1.cm}
\def\outerradius{2cm}

% The main macro
\newcommand{\wheelchart}[1]{%
% Calculate total
\pgfmathsetmacro{\totalnum}{0}%
\foreach \value/\colour/\name in {#1} {%
    \pgfmathparse{\value+\totalnum}%
    \global\let\totalnum=\pgfmathresult
}%
\begin{tikzpicture}
  % Calculate the thickness and the middle line of the wheel
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\wheelwidth}{\outerradius-\innerradius}
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\midradius}{(\outerradius+\innerradius)/2}
  \draw[red] (0,0) circle [radius=2.5cm];
  % Rotate so we start from the top
  \begin{scope}[rotate=90]%%here I want to xshift

  % Loop through each value set. \cumnum keeps track of where we are in the wheel
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\cumnum}{0}
  \foreach \value/\colour/\name in {#1} {
        \pgfmathsetmacro{\newcumnum}{\cumnum + \value/\totalnum*360}

        % Calculate the percent value
        \pgfmathsetmacro{\percentage}{\value/\totalnum*100}
        % Calculate the mid angle of the colour segments to place the labels
        \pgfmathsetmacro{\midangle}{-(\cumnum+\newcumnum)/2}

        % This is necessary for the labels to align nicely
        \pgfmathparse{
           (-\midangle<180?"west":"east")
        } \edef\textanchor{\pgfmathresult}
        \pgfmathsetmacro\labelshiftdir{1-2*(-\midangle>180)}

        % Draw the color segments. Somehow, the \midrow units got lost, so we add 'pt' at the end. Not nice...
        \fill[\colour] (-\cumnum:\outerradius) arc (-\cumnum:-(\newcumnum):\outerradius) --
        (-\newcumnum:\innerradius) arc (-\newcumnum:-(\cumnum):\innerradius) -- cycle;

        % Draw the data labels
        \draw  [*-,thin] node [draw,append after command={(\midangle:\midradius pt) -- (\midangle:\outerradius + 1ex) -- (\tikzlastnode)}] at (\midangle:\outerradius + 1ex) [xshift=\labelshiftdir*0.5cm,inner sep=0pt, outer sep=0pt, anchor=\textanchor]{\name: \pgfmathprintnumber{\percentage}\%};


        % Set the old cumulated angle to the new value
        \global\let\cumnum=\newcumnum
    }

  \end{scope}
  \draw[green] (current bounding box.south west) rectangle (current bounding box.north east);
  %\clip (-0cm,-2.5cm) rectangle (5cm,2.5cm);%there should be some problems but the tikz ignores it, why?
  %\draw[gray] (0,0) circle (\outerradius) circle (\innerradius);
\end{tikzpicture}%
}

\begin{document}
\wheelchart{26/cyan/Corporate,  28/orange/Plastique, 33.5/yellow/Chimique, 12.5/blue!50!red/Rhodia}%
\end{document}

演示

如果要将原点置于边界框的中心，可以使用以下方法（在绘制边界框之前、之后或代替绘制边界框）。它需要 tikzlibrary calc。

\path ($(current bounding box.south west)!2!(0,0)$);
\path ($(current bounding box.north east)!2!(0,0)$);

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