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具有横截面和切口的圆环

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具有横截面和切口的圆环

有没有简单的方法可以绘制具有横截面并像图中一样切割的圆环？ 在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [draw, cylinder, shape aspect=6, rotate=90, cylinder uses custom fill, cylinder body fill=lightgray!20, minimum height=1cm, minimum width=4cm] at (0,0) {};

\node [draw, cylinder, shape aspect=4, rotate=90, minimum height=1cm, minimum width=3cm] at (0,0.2) {};

\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

答案1

改编我之前做过的一个回答。

输出

在此处输入图片描述

代码

\documentclass[12pt,tikz,border=2pt]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz-3dplot}
\begin{document}
\def\circDomain[#1]<#2:#3>
{
  \def\angA{#2}
  \def\angB{#3}
  \draw [#1] (\angA:\RR) arc (\angA:\angB:\RR) 
          -- (\angB:\R)  arc (\angB:\angA:\R) 
          -- (\angA:\R) -- cycle;
}
%
\def\rectangleSection[#1]<#2>
{
  \def\angA{#2}
  \draw[#1] (\angA:\RR) -- (\angA:\R) 
    {[topFloor]
           -- (\angA:\R) -- (\angA:\RR)  
    } -- cycle;
}
% 
\def\verticalFaces[#1]<#2:#3:#4>
{
  \def\angA{#2}
  \def\angB{#3}
  \def\r{#4}
  \draw [#1] (\angA:\r) arc (\angA:\angB:\r) 
    {[topFloor] 
          -- (\angB:\r) arc (\angB:\angA:\r) 
    } -- cycle;
}

% viewingAngles %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\def\angThe{70}                                   %%
\def\angPhi{40}                                   %%
\tdplotsetmaincoords{\angThe}{\angPhi}            %%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

% shapeParametrization %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\def\R{1.5}     % radius of the inner plate       %%
\def\RR{2}      % outer radius                    %%
\def\z{.5}      % thickness of the cake           %%
\def\angOp{0}   % first angle of section          %%
\def\angCl{350} % second angle of section         %%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\tikzset{topFloor/.style={shift={(vert)}}}
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=4,tdplot_main_coords]

  \coordinate (vert) at (0,0,\z); % vertical vector

  %\circDomain[fill]<\angOp:\angCl> % this is hidden

  \begin{scope}[fill=red!15]
    \verticalFaces[fill]<\angPhi:\angPhi+180:\R>
  \end{scope}

  \begin{scope}[fill=green!10]
    \rectangleSection[fill]<\angOp>
    \rectangleSection[fill]<\angCl> % hidden
  \end{scope}

  \begin{scope}[fill=red!15]
    \verticalFaces[fill]<\angOp:\angPhi:\RR>
    \verticalFaces[fill]<\angCl:\angPhi+180:\RR>
  \end{scope}

  \begin{scope}[shift={(vert)},fill=blue!20]
    \circDomain[fill]<\angOp:\angCl>
  \end{scope}

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

答案2

非常快速的草图

\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\tikzset{invclip/.style={clip,
  insert path={{[reset cm](-\maxdimen,-\maxdimen) rectangle (\maxdimen,\maxdimen)}}}}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\path (0,0) ellipse (1 and 0.5);% Just to make the bounding box big enough
\begin{scope}
\path[overlay,invclip] (0,0) --+(-30:1) --+(-20:1)--cycle;
\draw (0,0) ellipse (1.2 and 0.4) ellipse (0.9 and 0.25);
\end{scope}
\draw (-1.2,0) --++(0,-0.3) arc (180:300:1.2 and 0.4) --++(0,0.3) coordinate (c1) --++(150:0.24)coordinate (c2);
\draw (1.2,0) --++(0,-0.3) arc (0:-48:1.2 and 0.4) coordinate (b1) --++(0,0.3) coordinate (b2) --++(160:0.28)coordinate (b3);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

虽然需要大量目测，但可以通过椭圆公式上的点或分别将剪辑路径与椭圆相交来实现精确度。说实话，我已经厌倦了 :)

在此处输入图片描述

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