为什么增加 makebox 中的字体大小会使其填充到我上面的垂直空间中？

Question

我正在学习如何使用框来布置文本块。

我正在把一个\makebox和\minipage放在一起。在示例一中看起来很棒。但是当我在示例\Large二中使用 makebox 增加字体大小时，文本会移动向上进入\vspace。有人能帮我了解发生了什么以及如何解决它吗？

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{xcolor}

\begin{document}

\vspace{5mm}
\hrule
\vspace{2mm}
\noindent\makebox[1.7cm][l]{\textbf{50.12}}
\minipage[t]{\dimexpr\textwidth-1.7cm\relax}
 Here is just some more text. It is for testing stuff. I wonder if this will work. Here is some more textm it is about enough now.
\endminipage

\vspace{5mm}
\hrule
\vspace{2mm}
\noindent\makebox[1.7cm][l]{\textbf{\Large 50.12}}
\minipage[t]{\dimexpr\textwidth-1.7cm\relax}
 Here is just some more text. It is for testing stuff. I wonder if this will work. Here is some more textm it is about enough now.
\endminipage

\end{document}

Answer 1

即使这不是问题的原因，绝不在环境中使用\minipageand 。始终对环境使用and语法。定义新环境时可以使用and语法。\endminipagedocument\begin\end\foo\endfoo

TeX 对齐了框的参考点；包含数字的框的参考点是其基线，而 的参考点minipage是顶线的基线（因为[t]）。您需要降低数字，但也要使其深度为零。

您可能希望将数字的顶部与文本的顶部对齐，但您必须确保文本至少超过两行。如果需要，可以通过进一步的工作来提高此限制。找到一个比 更好的名称foo。

\documentclass[12pt]{article}

\newenvironment{foo}[1]
 {%
  \par\addvspace{5mm}%
  \hrule
  \nopagebreak\vspace{2mm}%
  \noindent\vphantom{T}%
  \raisebox{\dimexpr\fontcharht\font`T-\height}[0pt][0pt]{\makebox[1.7cm][l]{\Large#1}}%
  \begin{minipage}[t]{\dimexpr\textwidth-1.7cm\relax}%
 }{%
  \end{minipage}\par\addvspace{5mm}%
 }

\begin{document}

\begin{foo}{50.12}
Here is just some more text. It is for testing stuff. I wonder if this
will work. Here is some more textm it is about enough now.
\end{foo}

\end{document}

Answer 2

正如 Ulrike 所说，Tex 希望根据基线而不是上限来对齐事物。

获得两个不同字体大小的框的文字顶部对齐的一种方法是使用包\belowbaseline的宏stackengine来设置两者的顶部\makebox以及\minipage低于基线的固定距离，在本例中距离为-\ht\strutbox。

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{xcolor,stackengine}

\begin{document}

\vspace{5mm}
\hrule
\vspace{2mm}
\noindent\makebox[1.7cm][l]{\textbf{50.12}}
\minipage[t]{\dimexpr\textwidth-1.7cm\relax}
 Here is just some more text. It is for testing stuff. I wonder if this will work. Here is some more textm it is about enough now.
\endminipage

\vspace{5mm}
\hrule
\vspace{2mm}
\noindent\belowbaseline[-\ht\strutbox]{\makebox[1.7cm][l]{\textbf{\Large 50.12}}}
\belowbaseline[-\ht\strutbox]{\minipage[t]{\dimexpr\textwidth-1.7cm\relax}
 Here is just some more text. It is for testing stuff. I wonder if this will work. Here is some more textm it is about enough now.
\endminipage}

\end{document}