PS：exsheets不是必须的，所有方法都欢迎。
我的文档结构：
\documentclass{book}
\title{Introduction to Latex}
\author{Me}
\date{}
\begin{document}
\chapter{first}
\section{start}
\subsection{install}
\section{keyword}
\chapter{second}
\section{improve}
\end{document}
我想要的是：如果一个部分至少有一个小节，那么练习部分如下所示。
如果某个部分没有任何小节，那么练习部分如下所示。
正如我所展示的，练习被计入每章。我是 Latex 的新手，所以我阅读了 exsheets 的文档，但仍然不知道该怎么做。
答案1
一种使用自定义环境和自定义列表的方法。本节中的练习具有不同的缩进，因此您可以比较如何调整。
我不确定您是否希望在彩色框中进行练习，在这种情况下，请先取消注释带有单词的三行tcolorbox。
\documentclass{article}
\newcounter{qcounter}
%\usepackage{tcolorbox}
\title{The art of make something}
\date{}\author{}
\def\df{Lore ipsum dolor sit amet. } % You guessed! Just print dummy text
\newenvironment{questions}{%
%\begin{tcolorbox}
\bigskip\noindent{\bfseries\large Exercises section \thesection:}
\begin{list}
{{\bfseries Exercise \thesection.\arabic{qcounter}:}}{
\setlength\labelwidth{-1em}
\setlength\labelsep{1em}
\setlength\leftmargin{0cm}
\usecounter{qcounter}}}{\end{list}
%\end{tcolorbox}
}
\newenvironment{subquestions}{
\bigskip\noindent{\bfseries Exercises section \thesubsection:}
\begin{list}
{{\bfseries Exercise \thesubsection.\arabic{qcounter}:}}{
\setlength\labelwidth{8em}
\setlength\labelsep{1em}
\setlength\leftmargin{12em}
\usecounter{qcounter}}}{\end{list}}
\begin{document}
\maketitle
\section{General programming}
\df\df\df\df\df\par
\begin{questions}
\item \df\df\df\df
\item \df\df\df\df\df\df\df
\item \df\df
\item \df
\end{questions}
\subsection{Phyton language}
\df\df\df\df\df\par
\begin{subquestions}
\item \df\df\df\df
\item \df\df\df\df
\item \df\df
\item \df
\end{subquestions}
\end{document}
答案2
无需特别考虑exsheets：更改计数器设置并选择runin模板。无需自定义环境即可更改名称表单问题到锻炼。
\documentclass{book}
\usepackage{exsheets}
\SetupExSheets{
counter-within={chapter} ,
counter-format=\thechapter.qu[1] ,
headings = runin ,
question/name = Exercise
}
\begin{document}
\chapter{first}
\section{start}
\subsection{Exercises Section}
\begin{question}
Review the documentation for your compiler and determine what file naming
convention it uses. Compile and Run the main program from page~2.
\end{question}
\begin{question}
Review the documentation for your compiler and determine what file naming
convention it uses. Compile and Run the main program from page~2.
\end{question}
\section{Exercises Section}
\begin{question}
Review the documentation for your compiler and determine what file naming
convention it uses. Compile and Run the main program from page~2.
\end{question}
\begin{question}
Review the documentation for your compiler and determine what file naming
convention it uses. Compile and Run the main program from page~2.
\end{question}
\end{document}
不过，要获得运动数字后的冒号还需要做更多的工作：
\usepackage{exsheets}
\DeclareInstance{exsheets-heading}{myrunin}{default}{
runin = true ,
number-post-code = \textbf{:}\space ,
attach = { main[l,vc]points[l,vc](\linewidth+\marginparsep,0pt) } ,
join = {
main[r,vc]title[r,vc](0pt,0pt) ;
main[r,vc]number[l,vc](.333em,0pt)
}
}
\SetupExSheets{
counter-within={chapter} ,
counter-format=\thechapter.qu[1] ,
headings = myrunin ,
question/name = Exercise
}
相同（包括冒号）使用xsim，exsheets指定后继包。乍一看这看起来更复杂，但实际上它更灵活，因为布局的更改更容易实现：
\documentclass{book}
\usepackage{xsim,needspace}
\DeclareExerciseEnvironmentTemplate{runin}
{%
\par\vspace{\baselineskip}
\Needspace*{2\baselineskip}
\noindent
\textbf{\XSIMmixedcase{\GetExerciseName}~\GetExerciseProperty{counter}:}%
\GetExercisePropertyT{subtitle}{ \textit{#1}} % <<< notice the space
\IfInsideSolutionF{%
\GetExercisePropertyT{points}{%
\marginpar{%
\printgoal{\PropertyValue}%
\GetExercisePropertyT{bonus-points}{+\printgoal{\PropertyValue}}%
\,\IfExerciseGoalSingularTF{points}
{\XSIMtranslate{point}}
{\XSIMtranslate{points}}%
}%
}%
}%
}
{}
\xsimsetup{
exercise/the-counter = \thechapter.\arabic{exercise} ,
exercise/template = runin
}
\begin{document}
\chapter{first}
\section{start}
\subsection{Exercises Section}
\begin{exercise}
Review the documentation for your compiler and determine what file naming
convention it uses. Compile and Run the main program from page~2.
\end{exercise}
\begin{exercise}
Review the documentation for your compiler and determine what file naming
convention it uses. Compile and Run the main program from page~2.
\end{exercise}
\section{Exercises Section}
\begin{exercise}
Review the documentation for your compiler and determine what file naming
convention it uses. Compile and Run the main program from page~2.
\end{exercise}
\begin{exercise}
Review the documentation for your compiler and determine what file naming
convention it uses. Compile and Run the main program from page~2.
\end{exercise}
\end{document}
答案3
\documentclass{book}
\title{Introduction to Latex}
\author{Me}
\date{}
\usepackage[dvipsnames]{xcolor}
\usepackage{exsheets}
\SetupExSheets{counter-within={chapter},counter-format=\thechapter.qu[1]}
\newenvironment{myquestion}
{\question[name={Exercise}]}
{\endquestion}
\newlength{\currentparindent}
\newenvironment{myset}
{ \setlength{\currentparindent}{\parindent}
\par
\centering
\begin{minipage}{\textwidth}
\setlength{\parindent}{\currentparindent}
\noindent\textbf{Exercise Section \thesubsection }
}
{
\end{minipage}
}
\begin{document}
\chapter{first}
\section{start}
\subsection{install}
\begin{myset}
\begin{myquestion}
Review the documentation for your compiler and determine what file naming convention it uses. Compile and Run the main program from page 2.
\end{myquestion}
\begin{myquestion}
Review the documentation for your compiler and determine what file naming convention it uses. Compile and Run the main program from page 2.
\end{myquestion}
\end{myset}
\end{document}
这是我的答案，但是我仍然不知道如何避免练习标题和内容之间的换行。