我有以下代码：
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{fontspec}
\usepackage[linguistics]{forest}
% specification for all trees, "default preamble" appends to existing specification.
% The version with apostrophe replaces it.
\forestset{default preamble'={
for tree={align=center,parent anchor=south, child anchor=north,base=bottom},
before drawing tree={
sort by=y,
for min={tree}{baseline}
}
}}
\forestset{
declare dimen={child anchor yshift}{0pt},
adjust childrens child anchors/.style={
if n children>=2{
before packing={
tempdima/.max={max_y}{children},
for children={
child anchor yshift=tempdima()-max_y()
},
}
}{}
},
default preamble={
for tree={
edge path'={(!u.parent anchor)--([yshift=\forestoption{child anchor yshift}].child anchor)},
adjust childrens child anchors
}
},
}
% The following code fixes the size of triangles for examples with translations. The specification
% ",delay=with translation" at the leaves is important to make this work.
% http://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/167978/smaller-roofs-for-forest/205311#205311
\forestset{
with translation/.style={
l sep=0,inner xsep=0,
append translation/.expanded/.wrap pgfmath arg={\gettranslation{##1}}{content},
content/.expanded/.wrap pgfmath arg={\gettext{##1}}{content},
},
append translation/.style={
if={strequal("#1","")}{}{
append={[#1,no edge,inner xsep=0,inner ysep=0,outer ysep=0,
l=\baselineskip + 0.2ex,
]}
}
}
}
\def\gettext#1{\gettextA#1;;\endget}
\def\gettextA#1;#2;{\removesep#1;}
\def\gettranslation#1{\gettranslationA#1;;\endget}
\def\gettranslationA#1;#2;{\removesep#2;}
\def\removesep#1;#2\endget{#1}
\forestset{
sm edges/.style={for tree={parent anchor=south, child anchor=north,base=top}, % changed base=bottom
% to top since we have NP and AVM nodes and the NP has to start
% right away at the same hight as the AVM St. Mü. 18.10.2017
where n children=0{tier=word,delay=with translation}{} %,delay=with translation
},
}
\usepackage{array}
\newcommand{\ms}[2][]{%
\mbox{%
\delimiterfactor=1000 \delimitershortfall=0pt
\tabcolsep=0pt
$\left[%
\begin{tabular}{>{\upshape\scshape}l@{}>{\hspace*{5pt}\normalfont\itshape}l}
\if\relax\detokenize{#1}\relax\else
\multicolumn{2}{>{\normalfont\itshape}l}{#1}%
\\
\fi
#2%
\end{tabular}%
\right]$%
}%
\vspace{1mm}%
}
\begin{document}
\begin{forest}
sm edges, for tree={base=top}
[\ms{head & {1}\\
comps & { }
}
[{{2} NP{[\textit{nom}]}}
[er]]
[\ms{
head & {1}\\
comps & { {2} }
}
[{3} NP{[\textit{dat}]}
[dem Mann, roof]]
[\ms{
head & {1}\\
comps & { {2}, {3} }
}
[{4} NP{[\textit{acc}]}
[das Buch, roof]]
[\ms{
head & {1} \ms[verb]{
vform & fin
}\\
comps & { {2}, {3}, {4} }
}
[gibt]]]]]
\end{forest}
\end{document}
它生成以下树：
左侧的 NP 与 AVM 中间对齐。在sm edgesI中base=top，它与 不同base=bottom，但结果更像人们所期望的base=center。这是 中的错误forest还是有其他方法可以将文本对齐到顶部？
答案1
只需尝试anchor=north
for tree={anchor=north, parent anchor=south, child anchor=north}
ps 已经完成了关于 HPSG 的硕士论文:)
答案2
假设你想要这样的东西：
您拥有的大部分代码在最好的情况下是不必要的，在最坏的情况下是适得其反的。特别是，所有的default preamble东西都可以被砍掉。翻译装置也是可消耗的，尽管如果您在其他树中需要它，您可以将其保留在原处（此树的输出将保持不变）。
这给你留下了一个更简单的问题，可以通过设置anchor=parent树来解决。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[linguistics]{forest}
\forestset{
sm edges/.style={%
where n children=0{tier=word}{},
},
}
\usepackage{array}
\newcommand{\ms}[2][]{%
\mbox{%
\delimiterfactor=1000 \delimitershortfall=0pt
\tabcolsep=0pt
$\left[%
\begin{tabular}{>{\upshape\scshape}l@{}>{\hspace*{5pt}\normalfont\itshape}l}
\if\relax\detokenize{#1}\relax\else
\multicolumn{2}{>{\normalfont\itshape}l}{#1}%
\\
\fi
#2%
\end{tabular}%
\right]$%
}%
\vspace{1mm}%
}
\begin{document}
\begin{forest}
sm edges,
for tree={anchor=parent},
[\ms{head & {1}\\
comps & { }
}
[{{2} NP{[\textit{nom}]}}
[er]]
[\ms{
head & {1}\\
comps & { {2} }
}
[{3} NP{[\textit{dat}]}
[dem Mann, roof]]
[\ms{
head & {1}\\
comps & { {2}, {3} }
}
[{4} NP{[\textit{acc}]}
[das Buch, roof]]
[\ms{
head & {1} \ms[verb]{
vform & fin
}\\
comps & { {2}, {3}, {4} }
}
[gibt]]]]]
\end{forest}
\end{document}