![如何给神经网络图添加偏差和权重?](https://linux22.com/image/365625/%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E7%BB%99%E7%A5%9E%E7%BB%8F%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E5%9B%BE%E6%B7%BB%E5%8A%A0%E5%81%8F%E5%B7%AE%E5%92%8C%E6%9D%83%E9%87%8D%EF%BC%9F.png)
我有在社区的帮助下发布的以下代码,但它似乎缺少一些我仍想添加的元素,例如作为节点的偏差和作为书面内容或节点的权重,我不知道展示它的最佳方式。
\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\pagestyle{empty}
\def\layersep{3cm}
\def\nodeinlayersep{1.5cm}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
shorten >=1pt,->,
draw=black!50,
node distance=\layersep,
every pin edge/.style={<-,shorten <=1pt},
neuron/.style={circle,fill=black!25,minimum size=17pt,inner sep=0pt},
input neuron/.style={neuron, fill=green!50},
output neuron/.style={neuron, fill=red!50},
hidden neuron/.style={neuron, fill=blue!50},
annot/.style={text width=4em, text centered}
]
% Draw the input layer nodes
\foreach \name / \y in {1,...,3}
% This is the same as writing \foreach \name / \y in {1/1,2/2,3/3,4/4}
\node[input neuron, pin=left:Input \#\y] (I-\name) at (0,-\y-2.5) {}; %%% <-- MODIFIED
% set number of hidden layers
\newcommand\Nhidden{2}
% Draw the hidden layer nodes
\foreach \N in {1,...,\Nhidden} {
\foreach \y in {1,...,5} { %%% MODIFIED (1,...,12 -> 1,...,5, and the next five lines)
\ifnum \y=4
\node at (\N*\layersep,-\y*\nodeinlayersep) {$\vdots$};
\else
\node[hidden neuron] (H\N-\y) at (\N*\layersep,-\y*\nodeinlayersep ) {$\frac{1}{1+e^{-x}}$};
\fi
}
\node[annot,above of=H\N-1, node distance=1cm] (hl\N) {Hidden layer \N};
}
% Draw the output layer node
\node[output neuron,pin={[pin edge={->}]right:Output}, right of=H\Nhidden-3] (O) {}; %%% <-- MODIFIED (from H\Nhidden-6 to H\Nhidden-3)
% Connect every node in the input layer with every node in the
% hidden layer.
\foreach \source in {1,...,3}
\foreach \dest in {1,...,3,5} %%% <-- MODIFIED (1,...,12 -> 1...,3,5)
\path (I-\source) edge (H1-\dest);
% connect all hidden stuff
\foreach [remember=\N as \lastN (initially 1)] \N in {2,...,\Nhidden}
\foreach \source in {1,...,3,5} %%% <-- MODIFIED (1,...,12 -> 1...,3,5)
\foreach \dest in {1,...,3,5} %%% <-- MODIFIED (1,...,12 -> 1...,3,5)
\path (H\lastN-\source) edge (H\N-\dest);
% Connect every node in the hidden layer with the output layer
\foreach \source in {1,...,3,5} %%% <-- MODIFIED (1,...,12 -> 1...,3,5)
\path (H\Nhidden-\source) edge (O);
% Annotate the layers
\node[annot,left of=hl1] {Input layer};
\node[annot,right of=hl\Nhidden] {Output layer};
\end{tikzpicture}
% End of code
\end{document}
更新:结果就像这两个问题已经得到回答一样,而我无法做到同样的事情。
1)神经网络插图
答案1
边注:
- 请始终添加最小工作示例平均能量损失。
- 如果您添加结果图片,以便人们可以直接看到您期望实现的目标,那就太好了。其他问题或答案的图片没有帮助。链接就足够了。
- 请记住阐明您的具体问题或添加其他详细信息以准确突出您的需求。请参阅如何询问帮助澄清问题的页面。
更新答案参考您的评论+改进的问题:
平均能量损失(更新版本):
\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\pagestyle{empty}
\def\layersep{3cm}
\def\nodeinlayersep{1.5cm}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
shorten >=1pt,->,
draw=black!50,
node distance=\layersep,
every pin edge/.style={<-,shorten <=1pt},
neuron/.style={circle,fill=black!25,minimum size=17pt,inner sep=0pt},
input neuron/.style={neuron, fill=green!50,},
output neuron/.style={neuron, fill=red!50},
hidden neuron/.style={neuron, fill=blue!50},
annot/.style={text width=4em, text centered},
bias/.style={neuron, fill=yellow!50,minimum size=4em},%<-- added %%%
]
% Draw the input layer nodes
\foreach \name / \y in {1,...,3}
\node[input neuron, pin=left:Input \#\y] (I-\name) at (0,-\y-2.5) {};
% set number of hidden layers
\newcommand\Nhidden{2}
% Draw the hidden layer nodes
\foreach \N in {0,...,\Nhidden} {
\foreach \y in {0,...,5} { % <-- added 0 instead of 1 %%%%%
\ifnum \y=4
\ifnum \N>0 %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\node at (\N*\layersep,-\y*\nodeinlayersep) {$\vdots$};
\else\fi %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\else
\ifnum \y=0 %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\ifnum \N<3 %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\node[bias] (H\N-\y) at (\N*\layersep,-\y*\nodeinlayersep ) {Bias}; %<-- added
\else\fi %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\else %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\ifnum \N>0 %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\node[hidden neuron] (H\N-\y) at (\N*\layersep,-\y*\nodeinlayersep ) {$\frac{1}{1+e^{-x}}$}; %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%
\else\fi %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%
\fi %<-- added %%%%%%%
\fi
}
\ifnum \N>0 %<-- added %%%%%%
\node[annot,above of=H\N-1, node distance=1cm,yshift=2cm] (hl\N) {Hidden layer \N}; % <- added yshift=2cm %%%%%%%%%%%%
\else\fi %<-- added %%%%%
}
% Draw the output layer node
\node[output neuron,pin={[pin edge={->}]right:Output}, right of=H\Nhidden-3] (O) {};
% Connect every node in the input layer with every node in the
% hidden layer.
\foreach \source in {1,...,3}
\foreach \dest in {1,...,3,5} {
% \path[yellow] (H-0) edge (H1-\dest);
\path[dashed,orange] (H0-0) edge (H1-\dest); %<-- added %%%%%
\path[yellow] (I-\source) edge (H1-\dest);};
% connect all hidden stuff
\foreach [remember=\N as \lastN (initially 1)] \N in {2,...,\Nhidden}
\foreach \source in {0,...,3,5}
\foreach \dest in {1,...,3,5}{
\ifnum \source=0 %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\path[dashed,red](H\lastN-\source) edge (H\N-\dest);%<-- added
\else %<-- added %%%
\path[blue] (H\lastN-\source) edge (H\N-\dest);%<-- added
\fi %<-- added %%%
}; %<-- added %%%%
% Connect every node in the hidden layer with the output layer
\foreach \source in {1,...,3,5}
\path[green] (H\Nhidden-\source) edge (O);
\path[dashed,red] (H2-0) edge (O); %<-- added %%%%
% Annotate the layers
\node[annot,left of=hl1] {Input layer};
\node[annot,right of=hl\Nhidden] {Output layer};
\end{tikzpicture}
% End of code
\end{document}
这仅仅是一个短暂的起点!
只是为了帮助您调整代码。起点可以是以下内容。我希望它能帮助您看到理解代码的真正问题。我添加了一个新行(称为\y=0
)并在列\N=2
(隐藏层 2)中添加了一个新节点(\node[bias]
)。一般来说,该选项minimum size=<..>
可能对所有节点样式都有用,请参阅bias/.style={...
。标题用 移动yshift=2cm
。从偏差到输出的虚线箭头:\path[dashed] (H2-0) edge (O);
。所有更改都用 标记%<-- added %%%%%%
。
MWE(起点):
\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\pagestyle{empty}
\def\layersep{3cm}
\def\nodeinlayersep{1.5cm}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
shorten >=1pt,->,
draw=black!50,
node distance=\layersep,
every pin edge/.style={<-,shorten <=1pt},
neuron/.style={circle,fill=black!25,minimum size=17pt,inner sep=0pt},
input neuron/.style={neuron, fill=green!50,},
output neuron/.style={neuron, fill=red!50},
hidden neuron/.style={neuron, fill=blue!50},
annot/.style={text width=4em, text centered},
bias/.style={neuron, fill=yellow!50,minimum size=4em},%<-- added %%%
]
% Draw the input layer nodes
\foreach \name / \y in {1,...,3}
\node[input neuron, pin=left:Input \#\y] (I-\name) at (0,-\y-2.5) {};
% set number of hidden layers
\newcommand\Nhidden{2}
% Draw the hidden layer nodes
\foreach \N in {1,...,\Nhidden} {
\foreach \y in {0,...,5} { % <-- added 0 instead of 1 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\ifnum \y=4
\node at (\N*\layersep,-\y*\nodeinlayersep) {$\vdots$};
\else
\ifnum \y=0 %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\ifnum \N=2 %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\node[bias] (H\N-\y) at (\N*\layersep,-\y*\nodeinlayersep ) {Bias}; %<-- added
\else\fi %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\else %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\node[hidden neuron] (H\N-\y) at (\N*\layersep,-\y*\nodeinlayersep ) {$\frac{1}{1+e^{-x}}$}; %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\fi %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\fi
}
\node[annot,above of=H\N-1, node distance=1cm,yshift=2cm] (hl\N) {Hidden layer \N}; % <- added yshift=2cm %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
}
% Draw the output layer node
\node[output neuron,pin={[pin edge={->}]right:Output}, right of=H\Nhidden-3] (O) {};
% Connect every node in the input layer with every node in the
% hidden layer.
\foreach \source in {1,...,3}
\foreach \dest in {1,...,3,5}
\path (I-\source) edge (H1-\dest);
% connect all hidden stuff
\foreach [remember=\N as \lastN (initially 1)] \N in {2,...,\Nhidden}
\foreach \source in {1,...,3,5}
\foreach \dest in {1,...,3,5}
\path (H\lastN-\source) edge (H\N-\dest);
% Connect every node in the hidden layer with the output layer
\foreach \source in {1,...,3,5}
\path (H\Nhidden-\source) edge (O);
% Annotate the layers
\node[annot,left of=hl1] {Input layer};
\node[annot,right of=hl\Nhidden] {Output layer};
\path[dashed] (H2-0) edge (O); %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\end{tikzpicture}
% End of code
\end{document}