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TikZ：绘制垂直-水平线的问题

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TikZ：绘制垂直-水平线的问题

我遇到一个问题，首先从一个节点绘制一条垂直线（附加示例中的红线），然后在某个点处水平绘制到另一个点：

在此处输入图片描述

我的代码如下：

    \documentclass{standalone}
    \usepackage{tikz}
    \usetikzlibrary{calc,
                    arrows,
                    matrix,
                    chains,
                    arrows.meta,positioning,
                    decorations.pathreplacing,
                    decorations.markings,
                    intersections,
                    positioning,
                    fit}

    \tikzstyle{vecArrow} = [thick, decoration={markings,mark=at position
       1 with {\arrow[semithick]{open triangle 60}}},
       double distance=1.4pt, shorten >= 5.5pt,
       preaction = {decorate},
       postaction = {draw,line width=1.4pt, white,shorten >= 4.5pt}]
    \tikzstyle{innerWhite} = [semithick, white,line width=1.4pt, shorten >= 4.5pt]

    \tikzset{
        *|/.style={
            to path={
                (perpendicular cs: horizontal line through={(\tikztostart)},
                                     vertical line through={(\tikztotarget)})
                -- (\tikztotarget) \tikztonodes
            }
        }
    }

    %% \usepackage{showframe}
    \usepackage{amsmath}
    \usepackage[linesnumbered,ruled]{algorithm2e}

    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

    \newcommand{\mygrid}{\tikz{\draw[step=2.5mm] (0,0)  grid (2.0,1);}}

    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

    \begin{document}

    \begin{tikzpicture}[
      decoration={
        markings,
        mark=at position 0.5 with {\draw (3pt,2pt) -- (-3pt,-2pt);}
        }]

    \node[draw,rectangle,minimum height=7mm] (opm3) at (0.0,0.0)              {$Op_{-3}$};
    \node[draw,rectangle,minimum height=7mm] (opm2)       [right=2pt of opm3] {$Op_{-2}$};
    \node[draw,rectangle,minimum height=7mm] (opm1)       [right=2pt of opm2] {$Op_{-1}$};
    \node[draw,rectangle,minimum height=7mm] (opfirst)    [right=2pt of opm1] {$Op_{0}$};
    \node[draw,rectangle,minimum height=7mm] (oplast)     [right=of opfirst]  {$Op_{l-1}$};
    \node at ($(opfirst)!.5!(oplast)$) {\ldots};

    \node[draw,
    rectangle,
    minimum height=7mm,
    minimum width=65mm] (multiplexer) at (2.7,-2.0)        {Multiplexer};

    \draw[postaction={decorate}] (opm3.south)    -- (opm3.south|-multiplexer.north);
    \draw[postaction={decorate}] (opm2.south)    -- (opm2.south|-multiplexer.north);
    \draw[postaction={decorate}] (opm1.south)    -- (opm1.south|-multiplexer.north);
    \draw[postaction={decorate}] (opfirst.south) -- (opfirst.south|-multiplexer.north);
    \draw[postaction={decorate}] (oplast.south)   -- (oplast.south|-multiplexer.north);

    \node[draw,rectangle,minimum height=7mm] (zaehler1)    [right=10mm of multiplexer] {$Z\ddot{a}hler_1$};

    \draw[postaction={decorate}] (zaehler1.west) -- (zaehler1.west-|multiplexer.east);


    \node[draw,rectangle,minimum height=7mm, minimum width=20mm] (swar)        [below=10mm of multiplexer] {OP};
    \node [left=2pt of swar] {SWAR};

    \node[draw,rectangle,dotted,minimum height=7mm] (versatz)     [right=-0.5pt of swar] {Versatz};
    \node[draw,rectangle,minimum height=7mm,dotted] (zaehler2)    [right=10mm of versatz] {$Z\ddot{a}hler_2$};

    \node[draw,rectangle,minimum height=7mm, minimum width=20mm] (swar)        [below=10mm of multiplexer] {};

    \draw[dotted] (zaehler2.west) -- (zaehler2.west-|versatz.east);
    \draw[postaction={decorate}] (swar.north) -- (swar.north|-multiplexer.south);

    \node at (2.0,-7.0) {Steuertabelle};
    \node at (6.5,-5.0) {Steuersignale};

    \node[rectangle, draw, inner sep=0, shift={(5.0,-6.0)}] (stol) {\mygrid};
    \node[rectangle, draw, inner sep=0, shift={(8.0,-6.0)}] (stor) {\mygrid};
    \node at ($(stol)!.5!(stor)$) {\ldots};

    \node[rectangle, draw, inner sep=0, shift={(5.0,-8.0)}] (stul) {\mygrid};
    \node[rectangle, draw, inner sep=0, shift={(8.0,-8.0)}] (stur) {\mygrid};
    \node at ($(stul)!.5!(stur)$) {\ldots};

    \node at ($(stol)!.5!(stul)$) {\vdots};
    \node at ($(stor)!.5!(stur)$) {\vdots};

    \draw[thick,black] (4.0,-6.0) node (op) {} -- (6.0,-6.0) -- (6.0,-5.75) -- (4.0,-5.75) --(4.0,-6.0);
    \draw[thick,black] (7.0,-6.0) -- (9,-6.0) -- (9.0,-5.75) -- (7.0,-5.75) --(7.0,-6.0);

    \draw[thick,red,-{Latex[width=1mm]}] (swar.south) -- (4.0,-5.9);

    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

任何想法都值得赞赏。

谢谢马塞尔

答案1

为了娱乐和锻炼（因为你的问题已经被解决了鲍勃·鲍勃评论） ...

在姆韦下面我从你的所有不必要的锚扩展中删除，定义一些新的样式，使代码更短，所有元素都相对于彼此定位。顺便说一句，加载每个 tikz 库就足够了 :-)

也许您会发现建议的解决方案很有用：

\documentclass[tikz, margin=3mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,
                calc, 
                decorations.markings,
                positioning,
                }

    \begin{document}

    \begin{tikzpicture}[
 node distance = 8mm and 10mm,
    box/.style = {draw, minimum height=7mm, outer sep=0mm},
   ebox/.style = {% emphesize box
                  draw, thick, inner sep=0mm,
                  minimum height=2.5mm, minimum width=20mm},
      DL/.style = {% Decorated Line
                  decoration={markings,
                              mark=at position 0.5 with
                              {\draw (3pt,2pt) -- (-3pt,-2pt);}},
                  postaction={decorate}},
 mygrid/.style = {inner sep=0mm,
                  minimum height=10mm, minimum width=20mm,
                  node contents={},
                  path picture={%
                  \draw[step=2.5mm]  (path picture bounding box.south west)  grid + (2,1);
                                }
                  },
shrtdot/.style = {thick, dotted, shorten > =2.2mm, shorten <=2.2mm}
                        ]

\node[box] (opm3)                           {$Op_{-3}$};
\node[box] (opm2)       [right=2pt of opm3] {$Op_{-2}$};
\node[box] (opm1)       [right=2pt of opm2] {$Op_{-1}$};
\node[box] (opfirst)    [right=2pt of opm1] {$Op_{0}$};
\node[box] (oplast)     [right=of opfirst]  {$Op_{l-1}$};
\draw[shrtdot] (opfirst) -- (oplast);

\node[box, minimum width=65mm] (multiplexer) at (2.7,-2.0)  {Multiplexer};

\draw[DL] (opm3) -- (opm3 |- multiplexer.north);
\draw[DL] (opm2) -- (opm2 |- multiplexer.north);
\draw[DL] (opm1) -- (opm1 |- multiplexer.north);
\draw[DL] (opfirst) -- (opfirst |- multiplexer.north);
\draw[DL] (oplast)  -- (oplast  |- multiplexer.north);

\node[box,right=of multiplexer] (zaehler1) {$Z\ddot{a}hler_1$};
\draw[DL] (zaehler1) -- (multiplexer);

\node[box, minimum width=20mm,
      below=of multiplexer] (swar)  {OP};
\node [left=2pt of swar]            {SWAR};

\node[box,dotted,
      right=0mm of swar] (versatz)      {Versatz};
\node[box,dotted,
      right=of versatz] (zaehler2)  {$Z\ddot{a}hler_2$};

\draw[shrtdot]  (zaehler2) -- (versatz);
\draw[DL]       (multiplexer) -- (swar);

\node (stol) [mygrid, below right=of swar];
\node (stor) [mygrid, right=of stol];
\draw[shrtdot]   (stol) -- (stor);
\node [above=1mm of $(stol.north)!0.5!(stor.north)$] (6.5,-5.0) {Steuersignale};

\node (stul) [mygrid, below=of stol];
\node (stur) [mygrid, below=of stor];
\draw[shrtdot]   (stul) -- (stur);
\node [left=of $(stol)!0.5!(stul)$] {Steuertabelle};

\draw[shrtdot]   (stol) -- (stul);
\draw[shrtdot]   (stor) -- (stur);

\node (a) [ebox,above] at (stol.center) {};
\node     [ebox,above] at (stor.center) {};

\draw[thick,red,-Latex] (swar) |- (a);
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

bobbyandbob 提出的解决方案（参见评论）非常有效：

\draw[thick,red,-{Latex[width=1mm]}] (swar.south) |- (4.0,-5.9);

答案3

提供更多手动控制的解决方案使用命令\coordinate。“肘部”的位置位于坐标 (2.7,-5.9)。因此代码

\coordinate(elbow) at (2.7,-5.9);
\draw[thick,red,-{Latex[width=1mm]}] (swar.south) -- (elbow) -- (4.0,-5.9);

将产生输出：

在此处输入图片描述

改变肘部的坐标

\coordinate(elbow) at (2.0,-5.9);
\draw[thick,red,-{Latex[width=1mm]}] (swar.south) -- (elbow) -- (4.0,-5.9);

产生更多的弯曲：

在此处输入图片描述

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