☰

我如何绘制下图？

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf diagrams plot
我如何绘制下图？

下图中没有飞机，我该如何绘制？左侧和右侧的 $l_1$ 在同一条线上，$l_2$ 也是如此。非常感谢您的帮助！

在此处输入图片描述

答案1

我知道你已经标记了这个tikz-pgf，但因为有大量 TikZ 教程，这里有一个注释版本元帖子这是一个您可能想学习的替代绘图工具。

用以下方法编译它lualatex（或者弄清楚如何将其适配到普通的 Metapost，或者良好生产规范）。

在此处输入图片描述

这里展示的一个普遍有用的功能是如何通过在半途scope移动变量来执行与 Metapost 中的TikZ 移位等效的操作。currentpicture

\RequirePackage{luatex85}
\documentclass[border=5mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{luamplib}
\begin{document}
\mplibtextextlabel{enable}
\begin{mplibcode}
beginfig(1);
    % first make useful star shaped path
    path pentagram; pentagram = for t=0 upto 4: up rotated 144 t -- endfor cycle; 

    % now make a drawing with the common parts
    picture base;
    base = image(
        % define the four lines...
        path a, b, c, d;  
        a = (left -- right) scaled 80;                
        b = a shifted 48 up;
        c = (down -- 3 up) scaled 16 shifted 60 left;
        d = (down -- 3 up) scaled 16 shifted 60 right;

        % draw the lines...
        draw a withcolor 1/2 white; 
        draw b withcolor 1/2 white;

        drawoptions(withcolor 1/2 [blue, white]);
        draw c dashed evenly scaled 1/2;
        draw d dashed evenly scaled 1/2;

        % add some decorations
        drawoptions(withcolor 1/4 [blue, white]);
        drawarrow point 0 of c -- point 0 of d;
        fill pentagram scaled 4 shifted (a intersectionpoint c);
        fill pentagram scaled 4 shifted point 1 of d;
        drawoptions();

        % add some labels to the lines
        label.rt("$l_1$", point 1 of a);
        label.rt("$l_2$", point 1 of b);
        label.bot("$u$",  point 0 of c);
        label.bot("$v$",  point 0 of d);
    );

    % now draw the base image, and add the track
    % slightly shortened so it looks better with the markers
    draw base;
    drawarrow ((-60,0) -- (-30, 48) -- (60, 48)) 
        cutbefore fullcircle scaled 10 shifted (-60,0)
        cutafter  fullcircle scaled 10 shifted (60,48)
        dashed evenly 
        withpen pencircle scaled 1 
        withcolor red;

    % shift the whole picture 200 to the left
    currentpicture := currentpicture shifted 200 left;

    % and draw the base again, but with a different track and a label
    draw base;
    drawarrow ((-60,0) -- (-30, 0) -- (0, 48) -- (60, 48)) 
        cutbefore fullcircle scaled 10 shifted (-60,0)
        cutafter  fullcircle scaled 10 shifted (60,48)
        dashed evenly 
        withpen pencircle scaled 1 
        withcolor red;
    dotlabel.bot("$A$", (-30,0));

endfig;
\end{mplibcode}
\end{document}

相关内容