\begin{landscape}
\begin{table}[ht]
\centering
\caption{XYZ}
\begin{tabular}{lrrrrrrr}
\toprule
Alloy & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Process} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Author} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Condition} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Microstructure} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{YS [MPa]} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{UTS [MPa]} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{EL [\%]} \\
\midrule
Ti-6Al-4V & \multicolumn{1}{l}{SLM/LBM} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Facchini et al. } & \multicolumn{1}{l}{AF} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Acicular $\upalpha'$} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{1040±10p} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{1140±10p} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{8.1 ± 0.3\^p} \\
& & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Rafi et al.} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{AF} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Martensitic $\upalpha'$ in columnar prior $\upbeta$} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{1143v} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{1219v} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{4.89v} \\
& & & & & \multicolumn{1}{l}{1195h} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{1269h} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{5h} \\
& & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Koike et al.} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{AF} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{\textcolor[rgb]{ .133, .133, .133}{$\upalpha-\upalpha'$ martensite and twinned $\upalpha$}} & 840 & 930 & 6.8 \\
& & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Vilaro et al.} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{AF} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{\textcolor[rgb]{ .133, .133, .133}{Fine acicular $\upalpha'$}} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{1137±20v} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{1206±8v} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{7.6±2v} \\
& & & & \textcolor[rgb]{ .133, .133, .133}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{962±47} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{1166±25} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{1.7±0.3} \\
& \multicolumn{1}{l}{LMD} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Carroll et al.} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{AF} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{\textcolor[rgb]{ .133, .133, .133}{Prior $\upbeta$ with $\upalpha$ grain boundary}} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{960±26h} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{1063±20h} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{13.3±1.8} \\
& & & & \textcolor[rgb]{ .133, .133, .133}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{970±17lower part} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{1087±8} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{17.6±0.7} \\
& & & & \multicolumn{1}{l}{\textcolor[rgb]{ .133, .133, .133}{Acicular $\upalpha$}} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{945±13 upper part} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{1041±12} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{18.7±1.7} \\
& & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Amsterdam and Kool} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{AF} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{\textcolor[rgb]{ .133, .133, .133}{Acicular}} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{1052±27} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{1153±13} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{5.3±2.1} \\
& & & & \textcolor[rgb]{ .133, .133, .133}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{1045±24} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{1141±15} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{9.2±1.1} \\
& \multicolumn{1}{l}{EBM} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Murr et al. } & \multicolumn{1}{l}{AF} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Coarse $\upalpha$-plates} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{v1115} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{v1120} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{v25} \\
& & & & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Fine/coarse $\upalpha$-plates} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{v1110} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{v1115} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{v16} \\
& & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Rafi et al.} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{AF} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Primary $\upalpha$ along with $\upbeta$ on boundary} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{869v} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{928v} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{9.9v} \\
& & & & & \multicolumn{1}{l}{899h} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{978h} & 9.5 \\
\textcolor[rgb]{ .133, .133, .133}{} & & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Koike et al.} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{AF} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Acicular $\upalpha$-plates, fine $\upalpha-\upbeta$ lamellar} & 750 & 780 & 2.3 \\
& \multicolumn{1}{l}{Cast} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Koike et al.} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{AF} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Coarse $\upalpha-\upbeta$ lamellar} & 750 & 850 & 4.5 \\
& & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Vilaro et al.} & & & 865 & 980 & 13.5 \\
& & \multicolumn{1}{l}{ASTM F1108} & & & 758 & 860 & \multicolumn{1}{l}{>8} \\
& & & & & & & \\
& \multicolumn{1}{l}{WAAM} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Wang et al.} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{AF} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Coarse acicular $\upalpha$-plates} & 950 & 1033 & 11.7 \\
& \multicolumn{1}{l}{Wrought} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Murr et al. } & & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Coarse $\upalpha$-plates} & 1170 & 1230 & 12 \\
& & & & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Equiaxed $\upalpha/\upbeta$} & 1220 & 1290 & 14 \\
& & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Facchini et al. } & & \multicolumn{1}{l}{$\upalpha$-globular in $\upalpha+\upbeta$} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{790±20p} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{870±10p} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{18.1±0.8p} \\
& & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Koike et al. } & & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Fine $\upalpha-\upbeta$ lamellar} & 850 & 940 & 14 \\
\midrule
AF: as fabricated, h: perpendicular to build direction, v: in build direction & & & & & & & \\
\end{tabular}%
\label{tab:addlabel}%
\end{table}%
\end{landscape}
答案1
导致您问题的原因是下表行:
AF: as fabricated, h: perpendicular to build direction, v: in build direction & & & & & & & \\
替换为
\multicolumn{8}{l}{AF: as fabricated, h: perpendicular to build direction, v: in build direction}\\
您将获得所需的结果。但是,您的表格似乎是用某些表格生成器生成的,因此包含很多杂乱信息。为了获得进一步的帮助,您应该提供完整的小文档,其中序言中只有表格相关的包。到目前为止,我得到以下结果:
上表是我使用以下 mwe 生成的:
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[skip=1ex]{caption}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{pdflscape}
\begin{document}
\begin{landscape}
\begin{table}[ht]
\caption{XYZ}
\centering
\setlength\tabcolsep{3pt}
\begin{tabular}{@{}*{8}{l}@{}}
\toprule
Alloy
& Process & Author & Cond. & Microstructure
& YS [MPa] & UTS [MPa] & EL [\%] \\
\midrule
Ti-6Al-4V
& SLM/LBM & Facchini et al. & AF
& Acicular $\alpha'$ & 1040±10p & 1140±10p & 8.1 ± 0.3\^p \\
%
& & Rafi et al. & AF
& Martensitic $\alpha'$ in columnar prior $\beta$
& 1143v & 1219v & 4.89v \\
%
& & &
& & 1195h & 1269h & 5h \\
%
& & Koike et al. & AF
& $\alpha-\alpha'$ martensite and twinned $\alpha$
& 840 & 930 & 6.8 \\
%
& & Vilaro et al. & AF
& Fine acicular $\alpha'$
& 1137±20v & 1206±8v & 7.6±2v \\
%
& & & & & 962±47 & 1166±25 & 1.7±0.3 \\
%
& LMD & Carroll et al. & AF
& Prior $\beta$ with $\alpha$ grain boundary
& 960±26h & 1063±20h & 13.3±1.8 \\
& & & & & 970±17lower part
& 1087±8 & 17.6±0.7 \\
%
& & & & Acicular $\alpha$
& 945±13 upper part
& 1041±12 & 18.7±1.7 \\
%
& & Amsterdam and Kool & AF
& Acicular & 1052±27 & 1153±13 & 5.3±2.1 \\
& & & & & 1045±24 & 1141±15 & 9.2±1.1 \\
%
& EBM & Murr et al. & AF
& Coarse $\alpha$-plates & v1115 & v1120 & v25 \\
%
& & &
& Fine/coarse $\alpha$-plates
& v1110 & v1115 & v16 \\
%
& & Rafi et al. & AF
& Primary $\alpha$ along with $\beta$ on boundary
& 869v & 928v & 9.9v \\
& & & & & 899h & 978h & 9.5 \\
%
& & Koike et al. & AF
& Acicular $\alpha$-plates, fine $\alpha-\beta$ lamellar
& 750 & 780 & 2.3 \\
%
& Cast & Koike et al. & AF
& Coarse $\alpha-\beta$ lamellar
& 750 & 850 & 4.5 \\
%
& & Vilaro et al. & & & 865 & 980 & 13.5 \\
%
& & ASTM F1108 & & & 758 & 860 & >8 \\
%
\addlinespace
%
& WAAM & Wang et al. & AF
& Coarse acicular $\alpha$-plates
& 950 & 1033 & 11.7 \\
%
& Wrought & Murr et al. &
& Coarse $\alpha$-plates & 1170 & 1230 & 12 \\
%
& & &
& Equiaxed $\alpha/\beta$ & 1220 & 1290 & 14 \\
%
& & Facchini et al.
& & $\alpha$-globular in $\alpha+\beta$
& 790±20p & 870±10p & 18.1±0.8p \\
%
& & Koike et al. &
& Fine $\alpha-\beta$ lamellar
& 850 & 940 & 14 \\
\midrule
\multicolumn{8}{l}{AF: as fabricated, h: perpendicular to build direction, v: in build direction}\\
\end{tabular}%
\label{tab:addlabel}%
\end{table}%
\end{landscape}
\end{document}
答案2
第一列和第二列之间的巨大空白是由 下方注释的宽度造成的\bottomrule
。在下面的示例中,我将这些注释括在 中,该 宽度为 8 列。此外,我还删除了似乎源自表格生成器的multicolumn
不必要的命令。\multicolumn{1}{l}
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{lscape}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\definecolor{mycolor}{rgb}{ .133, .133, .133}
\begin{document}
\begin{landscape}
\begin{table}[ht]
\centering
\caption{XYZ}
\begin{tabular}{lllllrrr}
\toprule
Alloy & Process & Author & Condition & Microstructure & YS [MPa] &UTS [MPa] & EL [\%] \\
\midrule
Ti-6Al-4V & SLM/LBM & Facchini et al. & AF & Acicular $\upalpha'$ &1040$\pm$10p & 1140$\pm$10p & 8.1 $\pm$ 0.3\^p \\
& &Rafi et al.& AF & Martensitic $\upalpha'$ in columnar prior $\upbeta$ & 1143v & 1219v & 4.89v \\
& & & & & 1195h & 1269h & 5h \\
& & Koike et al. & AF & \textcolor{mycolor}{$\upalpha-\upalpha'$ martensite and twinned $\upalpha$} & 840 & 930 & 6.8 \\
& & Vilaro et al. & AF & \textcolor{mycolor}{Fine acicular $\upalpha'$} & 1137$\pm$20v & 1206$\pm$8v & 7.6$\pm$2v \\
& & & & \textcolor{mycolor}{} & 962$\pm$47 & 1166$\pm$25 & 1.7$\pm$0.3 \\
& LMD & Carroll et al. & AF & \textcolor{mycolor}{Prior $\upbeta$ with $\upalpha$ grain boundary}& 960$\pm$26h & 1063$\pm$20h & 13.3$\pm$1.8 \\
& & & & \textcolor{mycolor}{} & 970$\pm$17 lower part & 1087$\pm$8 & 17.6$\pm$0.7 \\
& & & & \textcolor{mycolor}{Acicular $\upalpha$} & 945$\pm$13 upper part & 1041$\pm$12 & 18.7$\pm$1.7 \\
& & Amsterdam and Kool & AF & \textcolor{mycolor}{Acicular} & 1052$\pm$27 & 1153$\pm$13 & 5.3$\pm$2.1 \\
& & & & \textcolor{mycolor}{} & 1045$\pm$24 & 1141$\pm$15 & 9.2$\pm$1.1 \\
& EBM & Murr et al. & AF & Coarse $\upalpha$-plates & v1115 & v1120 & v25 \\
& & & & Fine/coarse $\upalpha$-plates & v1110 & v1115 & v16 \\
& & Rafi et al. & AF & Primary $\upalpha$ along with $\upbeta$ on boundary & 869v & 928v & 9.9v \\
& & & & & 899h & 978h & 9.5 \\
\textcolor{mycolor}{} & & Koike et al. & AF & Acicular $\upalpha$-plates, fine $\upalpha-\upbeta$ lamellar & 750 & 780 & 2.3 \\
& Cast & Koike et al. & AF & Coarse $\upalpha-\upbeta$ lamellar & 750 & 850 & 4.5 \\
& & Vilaro et al. & & & 865 & 980 & 13.5 \\
& & ASTM F1108 & & & 758 & 860 & $>$8 \\
& & & & & & & \\
& WAAM & Wang et al. & AF & Coarse acicular $\upalpha$-plates & 950 & 1033 & 11.7 \\
& Wrought & Murr et al. & & Coarse $\upalpha$-plates & 1170 & 1230 & 12 \\
& & & & Equiaxed $\upalpha/\upbeta$ & 1220 & 1290 & 14 \\
& & Facchini et al. & & $\upalpha$-globular in $\upalpha+\upbeta$ & 790$\pm$20p & 870$\pm$10p & {18.1$\pm$0.8p} \\
& & Koike et al. & & Fine $\upalpha-\upbeta$ lamellar & 850 & 940 & 14 \\
\midrule
\multicolumn{8}{l}{AF: as fabricated, h: perpendicular to build direction, v: in build direction}\\
\end{tabular}%
\label{tab:addlabel}%
\end{table}%
\end{landscape}
\end{document}
在以下示例中,我自由地做了一些修改:我使用包将threeparttable
表格注释包含在间距更好的内容中。此外,我为“微观结构”列使用了包X
中的灵活宽度列tabularx
,这样表格就不会超出文本宽度。最后,我删除了第一列,并建议您将此信息包含在标题中,因为实际上并不需要此列。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{lscape}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{threeparttable}
\definecolor{mycolor}{rgb}{ .133, .133, .133}
\begin{document}
\begin{landscape}
\begin{table}[ht]
\centering
\caption{Ti-6Al-4V}
\begin{threeparttable}
\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{lllXrrr}
\toprule
Process & Author & Condition & Microstructure & YS [MPa] &UTS [MPa] & EL [\%] \\
\midrule
SLM/LBM & Facchini et al. & AF & Acicular $\upalpha'$ &1040$\pm$10p & 1140$\pm$10p & 8.1 $\pm$ 0.3\^p \\
&Rafi et al.& AF & Martensitic $\upalpha'$ in columnar prior $\upbeta$ & 1143v & 1219v & 4.89v \\
& & & & 1195h & 1269h & 5h \\
& Koike et al. & AF & \textcolor{mycolor}{$\upalpha-\upalpha'$ martensite and twinned $\upalpha$} & 840 & 930 & 6.8 \\
& Vilaro et al. & AF & \textcolor{mycolor}{Fine acicular $\upalpha'$} & 1137$\pm$20v & 1206$\pm$8v & 7.6$\pm$2v \\
& & & \textcolor{mycolor}{} & 962$\pm$47 & 1166$\pm$25 & 1.7$\pm$0.3 \\
LMD & Carroll et al. & AF & \textcolor{mycolor}{Prior $\upbeta$ with $\upalpha$ grain boundary}& 960$\pm$26h & 1063$\pm$20h & 13.3$\pm$1.8 \\
& & & \textcolor{mycolor}{} & 970$\pm$17 lower part & 1087$\pm$8 & 17.6$\pm$0.7 \\
& & & \textcolor{mycolor}{Acicular $\upalpha$} & 945$\pm$13 upper part & 1041$\pm$12 & 18.7$\pm$1.7 \\
& Amsterdam and Kool & AF & \textcolor{mycolor}{Acicular} & 1052$\pm$27 & 1153$\pm$13 & 5.3$\pm$2.1 \\
& & & \textcolor{mycolor}{} & 1045$\pm$24 & 1141$\pm$15 & 9.2$\pm$1.1 \\
EBM & Murr et al. & AF & Coarse $\upalpha$-plates & v1115 & v1120 & v25 \\
& & & Fine/coarse $\upalpha$-plates & v1110 & v1115 & v16 \\
& Rafi et al. & AF & Primary $\upalpha$ along with $\upbeta$ on boundary & 869v & 928v & 9.9v \\
& & & & 899h & 978h & 9.5 \\
& Koike et al. & AF & Acicular $\upalpha$-plates, fine $\upalpha-\upbeta$ lamellar & 750 & 780 & 2.3 \\
Cast & Koike et al. & AF & Coarse $\upalpha-\upbeta$ lamellar & 750 & 850 & 4.5 \\
& Vilaro et al. & & & 865 & 980 & 13.5 \\
& ASTM F1108 & & & 758 & 860 & $>$8 \\
& & & & & & \\
WAAM & Wang et al. & AF & Coarse acicular $\upalpha$-plates & 950 & 1033 & 11.7 \\
Wrought & Murr et al. & & Coarse $\upalpha$-plates & 1170 & 1230 & 12 \\
& & & Equiaxed $\upalpha/\upbeta$ & 1220 & 1290 & 14 \\
& Facchini et al. & & $\upalpha$-globular in $\upalpha+\upbeta$ & 790$\pm$20p & 870$\pm$10p & {18.1$\pm$0.8p} \\
& Koike et al. & & Fine $\upalpha-\upbeta$ lamellar & 850 & 940 & 14 \\
\midrule
\end{tabularx}%
\label{tab:addlabel}%
\begin{tablenotes}
\item AF: as fabricated, h: perpendicular to build direction, v: in build direction
\end{tablenotes}
\end{threeparttable}
\end{table}%
\end{landscape}
\end{document}
一些注意事项:由于您的示例中没有包含 documentclass,而且我不知道文档的边距大小,因此表格可能适合或不适合(如上例所示)页面的边距。因此您可能需要进一步调整。您还应该重新考虑您使用的部分,\textcolor
因为深灰色几乎与黑色文本难以区分。最后,您应该重新考虑最后三列内容的对齐方式。
答案3
除了 (a) 将最后一行包装在\multicolumn{8}{l}{...}
指令中和 (b) 摆脱大量毫无意义的\multicolumn{1}{l}{...}
包装器之外,您还应该 (c) 在自动数学模式下呈现最后三列和 (d) 努力更清晰地组织标题材料。下面显示的解决方案还使用环境tabular*
而不是“基本”tabular
环境,以确保表格占据整个可用宽度。
单独的评论(在下面显示的解决方案中未解决):您可能还想问自己是否有必要使用\upalpha
和\upbeta
而不是“普通”\alpha
和\beta
字符。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[a4paper,margin=3cm]{geometry} % set page parameters appropriately
\usepackage[skip=0.333\baselineskip]{caption}
\usepackage{rotating,booktabs,xcolor,array,siunitx,upgreek}
\newcolumntype{C}{>{$}c<{$}} % "c" column w/ automatic math mode
\begin{document}
\begin{sidewaystable}
\caption{XYZ}
\label{tab:addlabel}
\setlength\tabcolsep{0pt} % make LaTeX determine appropr. whitespace amounts
\begin{tabular*}{\textwidth}{@{\extracolsep{\fill}}
llll >{\color[rgb]{.133,.133,.133}}l CCC}
\toprule
Alloy & Process & Author & Condition & Microstructure
& \mathrm{YS} & \mathrm{UTS} & \mathrm{EL}\\
& & & & & [\si{\mega\pascal}] & [\si{\mega\pascal}] & [\%]\\
\midrule
Ti-6Al-4V & SLM/LBM & Facchini et al. & AF & Acicular $\upalpha'$ & 1040\pm10p & 1140\pm10p & 8.1\pm0.3\hat{p} \\
& & Rafi et al. & AF & Martensitic $\upalpha'$ in columnar prior $\upbeta$ & 1143v & 1219v & 4.89v \\
& & & & & 1195h & 1269h & 5h \\
& & Koike et al. & AF & $\upalpha$-$\upalpha'$ martensite and twinned $\upalpha$ & 840 & 930 & 6.8 \\
& & Vilaro et al. & AF & Fine acicular $\upalpha'$ & 1137\pm20v & 1206\pm8v & 7.6\pm2v \\
& & & & & 962\pm47 & 1166\pm25 & 1.7\pm0.3 \\
& LMD & Carroll et al. & AF & Prior $\upbeta$ with $\upalpha$ grain boundary & 960\pm26h & 1063\pm20h & 13.3\pm1.8 \\
& & & & & 970\pm17 \text{ lower part} & 1087\pm8 & 17.6\pm0.7 \\
& & & & Acicular $\upalpha$ & 945\pm13 \text{ upper part} & 1041\pm12 & 18.7\pm1.7 \\
& & Amsterdam and Kool & AF & Acicular & 1052\pm27 & 1153\pm13 & 5.3\pm2.1 \\
& & & & & 1045\pm24 & 1141\pm15 & 9.2\pm1.1 \\
& EBM & Murr et al. & AF & Coarse $\upalpha$-plates & v1115 & v1120 & v25 \\
& & & & Fine/coarse $\upalpha$-plates & v1110 & v1115 & v16 \\
& & Rafi et al. & AF & Primary $\upalpha$ along with $\upbeta$ on boundary & 869v & 928v & 9.9v \\
& & & & & 899h & 978h & 9.5 \\
& & Koike et al. & AF & Acicular $\upalpha$-plates, fine $\upalpha$-$\upbeta$ lamellar & 750 & 780 & 2.3 \\
& Cast & Koike et al. & AF & Coarse $\upalpha$-$\upbeta$ lamellar & 750 & 850 & 4.5 \\
& & Vilaro et al. & & & 865 & 980 & 13.5 \\
& & ASTM F1108 & & & 758 & 860 & >8 \\
\addlinespace % empty line
& WAAM & Wang et al. & AF & Coarse acicular $\upalpha$-plates & 950 & 1033 & 11.7 \\
& Wrought & Murr et al. & & Coarse $\upalpha$-plates & 1170 & 1230 & 12 \\
& & & & Equiaxed $\upalpha/\upbeta$ & 1220 & 1290 & 14 \\
& & Facchini et al. & & $\upalpha$-globular in $\upalpha{+}\upbeta$ & 790\pm20p & 870\pm10p & 18.1\pm0.8p \\
& & Koike et al. & & Fine $\upalpha$-$\upbeta$ lamellar & 850 & 940 & 14 \\
\bottomrule\addlinespace
\multicolumn{8}{l}{AF: as fabricated; $h$: perpendicular to build direction, $v$: in build direction}\\
\end{tabular*}
\end{sidewaystable}
\end{document}