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数学模式下的字体大小（用于指数矩阵）

tag-icon • tag-icon matrices scaling scalebox
数学模式下的字体大小（用于指数矩阵）

注意：虽然我对排版欧拉常数的矩阵幂很感兴趣，但我更感兴趣的是了解为什么第二个版本会插入一个方点，以及为什么第三个版本无法编译。

首先，有效的方法：我调整了答案这里，（定义新命令）。其次，当我尝试结合更多建议时，我在单词“beginning”中的“g”下方看到了一个奇怪的方点。在此处输入图片描述

第三，直接从使用 scalebox这个答案，我的代码根本无法编译。

我忽略了一些显而易见的东西，但希望得到解释。

[删除第一个\end{document}命令会显示编译错误。它需要数学模式。]

代码：

\documentclass[11pt]{amsart}
\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb} 
\usepackage{graphicx}
    \newcommand\scalemath[2]{\scalebox{#1}{\mbox{\ensuremath{\displaystyle #2}}}}
% The Euler number, `e'.
\newcommand{\eu}{\ensuremath{\mathrm{e}}}
\newcommand{\du}{\ensuremath{\mathop{}\!\textnormal{\slshape d}}} % the command \du gives a slant roman differential operator, distinguished from either an italic math variable d or a math operator with d.

\begin{document}

\noindent Here is what I get without messing with things:$
\eu^{\left[\begin{array}{cc} 1&2 \\ 3&4 \end{array}\right]}$. Obviously, not good.

The following two versions compile, and the matrix has dimensions similar to those of the $\frac{\du}{\du x}$ operator from the previous term. Optically, however, each looks horrible. \\

\[
    \eu^{\pi}, \eu^{\sqrt[3]{2}}, \eu^i, e^{3-4i}, \eu^{\frac{\du}{\du x}}, {
\eu^{\scalemath{0.4}{%
        {\left[
        \begin{array}{cc} 
            a&b \\ 
            c&d 
        \end{array}
        \right]}
        }}};
\]

[Inserting frames and making more adjustment looks like this, which I \emph{think} improves the look of the matrix, but introduces a square dot at the beginning of the line. I can't figure out how to get rid of it.]

\begin{frame} % inserts square dot that I don't understand
\footnotesize
\setlength{\arraycolsep}{2.5pt} % default: 5pt
\medmuskip = 1mu % default: 4mu plus 2mu minus 4mu
\[
    \eu^{\pi}, \eu^{\sqrt[3]{2}}, \eu^i, e^{3-4i}, \eu^{\frac{\du}{\du x}}, {
\eu^{\scalemath{0.4}{%
        {\left[
        \begin{array}{cc} 
            a&b \\ 
            c&d 
        \end{array}
        \right]}
        }}};
\]
\end{frame}

\end{document} % on removing this line, the last example fails to compile

Why does scalemath seem to work, but scalebox not?

\[\eu^
{\scalebox{0.4}{%
        \left[
        \begin{array}{cc} 
            a&b \\ 
            c&d 
        \end{array}
        \right]}
        }
\]

\end{document}

答案1

我认为您不需要使用缩放（这会引入不一致的字体大小和间距）只需使用smallmatrix脚本大小即可：

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass[11pt]{amsart}
\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb} 
\newcommand{\eu}{\mathrm{e}}
\newcommand{\du}{\mathop{}\!\textnormal{\slshape d}} % the command \du gives a slant roman differential operator, distinguished from either an italic math variable d or a math operator with d.

\begin{document}

\noindent Here is what I get without messing with things:$
\eu^{\left[\begin{array}{cc} 1&2 \\ 3&4 \end{array}\right]}$. Obviously, not good.

The following two versions compile, and the matrix has dimensions similar to those of the $\frac{\du}{\du x}$ operator from the previous term. Optically, however, each looks horrible.
\[
    \eu^{\pi}, \eu^{\sqrt[3]{2}}, \eu^i, e^{3-4i}, \eu^{\frac{\du}{\du x}}, 
        \eu^{\text{$\left[\begin{smallmatrix}
            a&b \\ 
            c&d 
        \end{smallmatrix}\right]$}};
\]


\end{document}

答案2

我建议使用以下变体smallmatrix：

\documentclass[11pt]{amsart}
\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb} 

% The Euler number, `e'.
\newcommand{\eu}{\mathrm{e}}
\newcommand{\du}{\mathop{}\!\textnormal{\slshape d}}

\makeatletter
\newenvironment{smallermatrix}{\null\,\vcenter\bgroup
  \Let@\restore@math@cr\default@tag
  \baselineskip4\ex@ \lineskip1.2\ex@ \lineskiplimit\lineskip
  \ialign\bgroup\hfil$\m@th\scriptscriptstyle##$\hfil&&\thickspace\hfil
  $\m@th\scriptscriptstyle##$\hfil\crcr
}{%
  \crcr\egroup\egroup\,%
}
\newenvironment{bsmallermatrix}
 {\left[\smallermatrix}
 {\endsmallermatrix\right]}
\newenvironment{bsmallmatrix}
 {\left[\smallmatrix}
 {\endsmallmatrix\right]}
\makeatother

\begin{document}
\[
\eu^{\begin{bsmallermatrix} 1 & 2 \\ 3 & 4 \end{bsmallermatrix}}
=
\exp(\begin{bsmallmatrix} 1 & 2 \\ 3 & 4 \end{bsmallmatrix})
\]

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

您的方法效果不太好；我去掉了所有不必要的括号。

\documentclass[11pt]{amsart}
\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb} 
\usepackage{graphicx}

\newcommand\scalemath[2]{\scalebox{#1}{$\displaystyle #2$}}
% The Euler number, `e'.
\newcommand{\eu}{\ensuremath{\mathrm{e}}}
\newcommand{\du}{\ensuremath{\mathop{}\!\textnormal{\slshape d}}}

\begin{document}

\[
\eu^{\pi}, \eu^{\sqrt[3]{2}}, \eu^i, e^{3-4i}, \eu^{\frac{\du}{\du x}},
\eu^{\scalemath{0.4}{%
  \begin{bmatrix}
  a&b \\ 
  c&d 
  \end{bmatrix}
  }};
\]

\footnotesize
\setlength{\arraycolsep}{2.5pt} % default: 5pt
\medmuskip = 1mu % default: 4mu plus 2mu minus 4mu
\[
\eu^{\pi}, \eu^{\sqrt[3]{2}}, \eu^i, e^{3-4i}, \eu^{\frac{\du}{\du x}},
\eu^{\scalemath{0.4}{%
  \begin{bmatrix}
  a&b \\ 
  c&d 
  \end{bmatrix}
  }};
\]

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

关于 的问题frame，解释起来很简单。LaTeX 内核定义了一个\frame命令，它接受一个参数并将其装箱。在您的例子中，参数是\footnotesize，因此 LaTeX 会将其装箱，导致没有内容，因此会得到一个非常小的框（您看到的方点）。

只是不要将其用作frame环境：它不存在，也\begin{frame}不会产生错误，因为\frame确实存在，但正如您所见，它所做的事情与您预期的完全不同。除了小框之外，您得到的是将和的设置限制\arraycolsep在由和\medmuskip创建的组中。\begin\end

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