我有一个有点复杂的TikZ图像：
如您所见，我想在这幅TikZ图像周围放置一个边框。出于视觉和谐考虑，边框应具有完全相同的外部尺寸，如\textwidth。
现在我尝试了两种不同的方法来在图像周围添加边框：
在序言中已经将边框放在了周围
tikzimage：这样边框就非常靠近图像内容了，看起来不错，但它与左边缘有很大的边距\textwidth。在图像中，这显示为内边框。tikz将召回函数周围的边框放在document-part 内：这会导致图像内容和边框之间有很大空间，但至少左边框与左\textwidth边缘相吻合。在图像中，这显示为外边框。
正如你所见，它们都不能正常工作。
如何正确设置图像的大小以及边框？我希望在以后更改文档几何形状时能够灵活应对，因此它应该自动适应\textwidth。
最小工作示例（MWE）：
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{blindtext}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta}
% Adjusts the size of the wheel:
\def\innerradius{0\textwidth}
\def\outerradius{0.15\textwidth}
\definecolor{A0}{HTML}{A4DA90}
\definecolor{B0}{HTML}{ECEB80}
\definecolor{C0}{HTML}{9D7AB3}
\definecolor{D0}{HTML}{7E8BB4}
% The main macro
\newcommand{\wheelchartwithlegend}[1]{
% Calculate total
\pgfmathsetmacro{\totalnum}{0}
\foreach \value/\colour/\name in {#1} {
\pgfmathparse{\value+\totalnum}
\global\let\totalnum=\pgfmathresult
}
\fbox{\begin{tikzpicture}
% Calculate the thickness and the middle line of the wheel
\pgfmathsetmacro{\wheelwidth}{\outerradius-\innerradius}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\midradius}{(\outerradius+\innerradius)/2}
% Rotate so we start from the top
\begin{scope}[rotate=90]
% add coordinate to define the upper left starting point of the legend entries
\coordinate (L-0) at (\outerradius+0mm,-\outerradius-2.5cm);
% Loop through each value set. \cumnum keeps track of where we are in the wheel
\pgfmathsetmacro{\cumnum}{0}
\foreach [count=\i,remember=\i as \j (initially 0)] \value/\colour/\name in {#1} {
\pgfmathsetmacro{\newcumnum}{\cumnum + \value/\totalnum*360}
% Calculate the percent value
% \pgfmathsetmacro{\percentage}{\value/\totalnum*100}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\percentage}{\value}
% Calculate the mid angle of the colour segments to place the labels
\pgfmathsetmacro{\midangle}{-(\cumnum+\newcumnum)/2}
% This is necessary for the labels to align nicely
\pgfmathparse{
(-\midangle<180?"west":"east")
} \edef\textanchor{\pgfmathresult}
\pgfmathsetmacro\labelshiftdir{1-2*(-\midangle>180)}
% Draw the color segments. Somehow, the \midrow units got lost, so we add 'pt' at the end. Not nice...
\fill[\colour] (-\cumnum:\outerradius) arc (-\cumnum:-(\newcumnum):\outerradius) --
(-\newcumnum:\innerradius) arc (-\newcumnum:-(\cumnum):\innerradius) -- cycle;
% Draw the data labels
\draw [Circle-,thin] node [append after command={(\midangle:\midradius pt) -- (\midangle:\outerradius + 1ex) -- (\tikzlastnode)}] at (\midangle:\outerradius + 1ex) [xshift=\labelshiftdir*0.5cm,inner sep=0pt, outer sep=0pt, ,anchor=\textanchor]{\pgfmathprintnumber{\percentage}\thinspace\%};
% add legend node
\node [anchor=north west,text width=5cm,font=\footnotesize] (L-\i) at (L-\j.south west) {\name};
% draw legend image
\fill [fill=\colour] ([xshift=-3pt,yshift=1mm]L-\i.north west) rectangle ++(-2mm,5mm);
% Set the old cumulated angle to the new value
\global\let\cumnum=\newcumnum
}
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
} % Closing \fbox
} % Closing \newenvironment
\begin{document}
\blindtext
\begin{figure}
\fbox{\wheelchartwithlegend{
54.52/D0/{Organic (kitchen and garden waste)},
21.23/C0/{Plastics},
13.04/B0/{Textiles (leather, sanitary, diaper)},
11.21/A0/{Others}
}
}
\end{figure}
\end{document}
非常感谢！
答案1
如果您的图片比您需要的宽度更宽，\textwidth则必须对其进行调整以使其达到所需的宽度。除非您进行调整，否则此解决方案不会更改任何图片尺寸（宽度、高度、字体大小）。
另一个解决方案是使用standalone类。在这种情况下，您将处理一个独立的文件来生成所需的图像，然后使用\includegraphics带有选项的命令将其包含在文本中width=\textwidth。在这种情况下，图像尺寸将缩放（文本也是如此）以填充\textwidth。
以您的 MWE 为例。插入文档wheelchartwithlegend中standalone。tikz选项将裁剪最终结果。tikzpicture选项show background rectangle将绘制所需的边框。
%File wheel.tex
\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
%\usepackage{blindtext}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta, backgrounds}
%\usepackage[most]{tcolorbox}
% Adjusts the size of the wheel:
\def\innerradius{0\textwidth}
\def\outerradius{0.15\textwidth}
\definecolor{A0}{HTML}{A4DA90}
\definecolor{B0}{HTML}{ECEB80}
\definecolor{C0}{HTML}{9D7AB3}
\definecolor{D0}{HTML}{7E8BB4}
% The main macro
\newcommand{\wheelchartwithlegend}[1]{
% Calculate total
\pgfmathsetmacro{\totalnum}{0}
\foreach \value/\colour/\name in {#1} {
\pgfmathparse{\value+\totalnum}
\global\let\totalnum=\pgfmathresult
}
\begin{tikzpicture}[show background rectangle]
% Calculate the thickness and the middle line of the wheel
\pgfmathsetmacro{\wheelwidth}{\outerradius-\innerradius}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\midradius}{(\outerradius+\innerradius)/2}
% Rotate so we start from the top
\begin{scope}[rotate=90]
% add coordinate to define the upper left starting point of the legend entries
\coordinate (L-0) at (\outerradius+0mm,-\outerradius-2.5cm);
% Loop through each value set. \cumnum keeps track of where we are in the wheel
\pgfmathsetmacro{\cumnum}{0}
\foreach [count=\i,remember=\i as \j (initially 0)] \value/\colour/\name in {#1} {
\pgfmathsetmacro{\newcumnum}{\cumnum + \value/\totalnum*360}
% Calculate the percent value
% \pgfmathsetmacro{\percentage}{\value/\totalnum*100}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\percentage}{\value}
% Calculate the mid angle of the colour segments to place the labels
\pgfmathsetmacro{\midangle}{-(\cumnum+\newcumnum)/2}
% This is necessary for the labels to align nicely
\pgfmathparse{
(-\midangle<180?"west":"east")
} \edef\textanchor{\pgfmathresult}
\pgfmathsetmacro\labelshiftdir{1-2*(-\midangle>180)}
% Draw the color segments. Somehow, the \midrow units got lost, so we add 'pt' at the end. Not nice...
\fill[\colour] (-\cumnum:\outerradius) arc (-\cumnum:-(\newcumnum):\outerradius) --
(-\newcumnum:\innerradius) arc (-\newcumnum:-(\cumnum):\innerradius) -- cycle;
% Draw the data labels
\draw [Circle-,thin] node [append after command={(\midangle:\midradius pt) -- (\midangle:\outerradius + 1ex) -- (\tikzlastnode)}] at (\midangle:\outerradius + 1ex) [xshift=\labelshiftdir*0.5cm,inner sep=0pt, outer sep=0pt, ,anchor=\textanchor]{\pgfmathprintnumber{\percentage}\thinspace\%};
% add legend node
\node [anchor=north west,text width=5cm,font=\footnotesize] (L-\i) at (L-\j.south west) {\name};
% draw legend image
\fill [fill=\colour] ([xshift=-3pt,yshift=1mm]L-\i.north west) rectangle ++(-2mm,5mm);
% Set the old cumulated angle to the new value
\global\let\cumnum=\newcumnum
}
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
% Closing \fbox
} % Closing \newenvironment
\begin{document}
\wheelchartwithlegend{
54.52/D0/{Organic (kitchen and garden waste)},
21.23/C0/{Plastics},
13.04/B0/{Textiles (leather, sanitary, diaper)},
11.21/A0/{Others}
}
\end{document}
现在，您可以将此图像包含在带有包的文本中graphicx。第一张图像显示其真实大小，第二张图像调整为\textwidth。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{blindtext}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\begin{document}
\blindtext
\begin{figure}
\includegraphics{wheel}
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{wheel}
\end{figure}
\end{document}
答案2
首先，您的图片前后有一些不必要的空格。这就是导致 es 之间左右两侧有额外距离的原因\fbox。我删除了空行（大多数空行无关紧要，但只是为了安全起见）并添加了一些%后行以消除空格。然后，您的图片仍然太宽，但由于不是太多，可以通过缩放来修复，这里是\resizebox。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{blindtext}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta}
% Adjusts the size of the wheel:
\def\innerradius{0\textwidth}
\def\outerradius{0.15\textwidth}
\definecolor{A0}{HTML}{A4DA90}
\definecolor{B0}{HTML}{ECEB80}
\definecolor{C0}{HTML}{9D7AB3}
\definecolor{D0}{HTML}{7E8BB4}
% The main macro
\newcommand{\wheelchartwithlegend}[1]{%
% Calculate total
\pgfmathsetmacro{\totalnum}{0}%
\foreach \value/\colour/\name in {#1} {%
\pgfmathparse{\value+\totalnum}
\global\let\totalnum=\pgfmathresult
}%
\fbox{\begin{tikzpicture}
% Calculate the thickness and the middle line of the wheel
\pgfmathsetmacro{\wheelwidth}{\outerradius-\innerradius}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\midradius}{(\outerradius+\innerradius)/2}
% Rotate so we start from the top
\begin{scope}[rotate=90]
% add coordinate to define the upper left starting point of the legend entries
\coordinate (L-0) at (\outerradius+0mm,-\outerradius-2.5cm);
% Loop through each value set. \cumnum keeps track of where we are in the wheel
\pgfmathsetmacro{\cumnum}{0}
\foreach [count=\i,remember=\i as \j (initially 0)] \value/\colour/\name in {#1} {
\pgfmathsetmacro{\newcumnum}{\cumnum + \value/\totalnum*360}
% Calculate the percent value
% \pgfmathsetmacro{\percentage}{\value/\totalnum*100}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\percentage}{\value}
% Calculate the mid angle of the colour segments to place the labels
\pgfmathsetmacro{\midangle}{-(\cumnum+\newcumnum)/2}
% This is necessary for the labels to align nicely
\pgfmathparse{
(-\midangle<180?"west":"east")
} \edef\textanchor{\pgfmathresult}
\pgfmathsetmacro\labelshiftdir{1-2*(-\midangle>180)}
% Draw the color segments. Somehow, the \midrow units got lost, so we add 'pt' at the end. Not nice...
\fill[\colour] (-\cumnum:\outerradius) arc (-\cumnum:-(\newcumnum):\outerradius) --
(-\newcumnum:\innerradius) arc (-\newcumnum:-(\cumnum):\innerradius) -- cycle;
% Draw the data labels
\draw [Circle-,thin] node [append after command={(\midangle:\midradius pt) -- (\midangle:\outerradius + 1ex) -- (\tikzlastnode)}] at (\midangle:\outerradius + 1ex) [xshift=\labelshiftdir*0.5cm,inner sep=0pt, outer sep=0pt, ,anchor=\textanchor]{\pgfmathprintnumber{\percentage}\thinspace\%};
% add legend node
\node [anchor=north west,text width=5cm,font=\footnotesize] (L-\i) at (L-\j.south west) {\name};
% draw legend image
\fill [fill=\colour] ([xshift=-3pt,yshift=1mm]L-\i.north west) rectangle ++(-2mm,5mm);
% Set the old cumulated angle to the new value
\global\let\cumnum=\newcumnum
}
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}%
}% Closing \fbox
}% Closing \newenvironment
\begin{document}
\blindtext
\begin{figure}
\resizebox{\linewidth}{!}{%
\fbox{\wheelchartwithlegend{
54.52/D0/{Organic (kitchen and garden waste)},
21.23/C0/{Plastics},
13.04/B0/{Textiles (leather, sanitary, diaper)},
11.21/A0/{Others}
}%
}%
}
\end{figure}
\end{document}
