刻度线颜色

Question 1

可以使用以下方法全局更改刻度样式pgfplotsset：

\pgfplotsset{tick style={black}}

有关更多勾选选项，请参阅文档第 4.15 节。

Answer

可以使用以下方法全局更改刻度样式pgfplotsset：

\pgfplotsset{tick style={black}}

有关更多勾选选项，请参阅文档第 4.15 节。

Question 2

干得好！

刻度线的颜色很简单，只需major tick style相应调整即可。我使用了major tick style = {thick, black}。

要使图上方的刻度标签（您忘了说在您的问题中），但保持其下方的轴网格比较棘手。

我发现了类似的东西这里pgfplots。您必须配置绘制每个图层的顺序。

要做到这一点你可以使用这个：

\pgfplotsset{
    standard/.style={set layers=tick labels on top},
    layers/tick labels on top/.define layer set=
        {axis background,
         axis grid,
         axis lines,
         main,
         axis tick labels,
         axis ticks,
         axis descriptions,
         axis foreground}
       {/pgfplots/layers/standard}
}

图层在中的显示顺序define layer set就是 pfgplots 绘制它们的顺序。请注意，首先是axis grid，然后是实际绘图 ( main)，然后是axis tick labels和axis ticks。

结果是图表上方的黑色刻度标记和刻度标签：

\documentclass[a4paper,11pt,fleqn]{scrartcl}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
\usepackage{pgf,tikz,pgfplots}


\pgfplotsset{
    standard/.style={set layers=tick labels on top},
    layers/tick labels on top/.define layer set=
        {axis background,
         axis grid,
         axis lines,
         main,
         axis tick labels,
         axis ticks,
         axis descriptions,
         axis foreground}
       {/pgfplots/layers/standard}
}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[every pin/.style = {pin edge={Latex-,thin,black}},small     dot/.style={fill=black,circle,scale=0.3}]
\begin{axis}[standard,scale only axis,
         axis x line=middle,
         axis y line=middle,
                     grid = major,
         inner axis line style={=>},
                 width=10cm,height=5cm,
                     ymin=0,ymax=1.1,
                     xmin=-5,xmax=5,
                     axis line style = thick,
                     xtick={-4,-3,-2,-1,1,2,3,4},
                     major tick style = {thick, black},
                     ytick={0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1},
                    % axis on top,% <- HERE
                 every axis x label/.style={at={(current axis.right of origin)},anchor=west},
         every axis y label/.style={at={(current axis.north)},above=0.5mm},
                 xlabel={$x$},
                 ylabel={$f(x)$},
 %               axis on top <- AND HERE
                 ]
                    \addplot[red,only marks] coordinates {(-4,0.2)(-2,0.5)(-1,0.8)(2,0.9)(3,1)};
\addplot[red,very thick,domain=-5:-4] {0} ;
\addplot[red,very thick,domain=-4:-2] {0.2} ;
\addplot[red,very thick,domain=-2:-1] {0.5} ;
\addplot[red,very thick,domain=-1:2] {0.8} ;
\addplot[red,very thick,domain=2:3] {0.9} ;
 \addplot[red,very thick,domain=3:5] {1} ;
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Answer