带箭头的图表

Question

需要一些帮助来绘制这个 6 顶点图，非常感谢您的帮助！谢谢

Answer 1

如果您只有几张这样的图，那么这个版本就可以很好地完成。我定义了一些方便的简写（仅适用于图）以便在代码中对齐。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{array}

\begin{document}

\[
\setlength{\arraycolsep}{0.2em}
\newcommand{\AU}{\uparrow}
\newcommand{\AD}{\downarrow}
\newcommand{\AR}{\rightarrow}
\newcommand{\AL}{\leftarrow}
\newcommand{\BB}{\bullet}
\begin{array}{*{11}{c}}
    & \AU &     & \AU &     & \AU &     & \AU &     & \AU &     \\
\AR & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AL \\
    & \AU &     & \AD &     & \AU &     & \AU &     & \AU &     \\
\AR & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AL \\
    & \AD &     & \AU &     & \AD &     & \AU &     & \AU &     \\
\AR & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AL \\
    & \AD &     & \AU &     & \AD &     & \AD &     & \AU &     \\
\AR & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AL \\
    & \AD &     & \AU &     & \AD &     & \AD &     & \AU &     \\
\AR & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AL \\
    & \AD &     & \AD &     & \AD &     & \AD &     & \AD &     \\
\end{array}
\]

\end{document}

更精致的版本，具有新的环境，您只需指定每行的顶点数，也可以指定比例因子。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}

\newsavebox{\andreabox}
\newenvironment{andrea}[2][1]
 {%
  \newcommand{\andreascale}{#1}%
  \begin{lrbox}{\andreabox}
  \setlength{\arraycolsep}{0.2em}%
  \newcommand{\AU}{\uparrow}%
  \newcommand{\AD}{\downarrow}%
  \newcommand{\AR}{\rightarrow}%
  \newcommand{\AL}{\leftarrow}%
  \newcommand{\BB}{\bullet}%
  $\begin{array}{*{\numexpr2*#2+1}{c}}%
 }
 {%
  \end{array}$%
  \end{lrbox}%
  \scalebox{\andreascale}{\usebox{\andreabox}}%
 }

\begin{document}

\[
\begin{andrea}{5}
    & \AU &     & \AU &     & \AU &     & \AU &     & \AU &     \\
\AR & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AL \\
    & \AU &     & \AD &     & \AU &     & \AU &     & \AU &     \\
\AR & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AL \\
    & \AD &     & \AU &     & \AD &     & \AU &     & \AU &     \\
\AR & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AL \\
    & \AD &     & \AU &     & \AD &     & \AD &     & \AU &     \\
\AR & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AL \\
    & \AD &     & \AU &     & \AD &     & \AD &     & \AU &     \\
\AR & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AL \\
    & \AD &     & \AD &     & \AD &     & \AD &     & \AD &     \\
\end{andrea}
\]

\[
\begin{andrea}[0.5]{5}
    & \AU &     & \AU &     & \AU &     & \AU &     & \AU &     \\
\AR & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AL \\
    & \AU &     & \AD &     & \AU &     & \AU &     & \AU &     \\
\AR & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AL \\
    & \AD &     & \AU &     & \AD &     & \AU &     & \AU &     \\
\AR & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AL \\
    & \AD &     & \AU &     & \AD &     & \AD &     & \AU &     \\
\AR & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AL \\
    & \AD &     & \AU &     & \AD &     & \AD &     & \AU &     \\
\AR & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AR & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AL & \BB & \AL \\
    & \AD &     & \AD &     & \AD &     & \AD &     & \AD &     \\
\end{andrea}
\]

\end{document}