使用 tikz 在 LaTeX 中绘制图表

Question

我是新手，刚开始用 LaTeX 画图。我想用 LaTeX 画出下面的图表用于我的 Beamer 演示，但我觉得有点难。有人能帮忙吗？

这是我目前能够做的事情：

\documentclass[12pt,serif]{beamer}
\mode<presentation>{\usetheme{CambridgeUS}}
\usecolortheme{seahorse}

\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage[charter]{mathdesign}
\usepackage{tikz}

\begin{document}

\begin{frame}
 \begin{tikzpicture}
 \draw[blue,thick] (15,15)  ++(45:1) arc (45:-45:4);
 \filldraw[blue,thick] (16.2,15) circle(0.5cm);
 \draw[blue,thick] (16.2,15) rectangle(25cm,5);
 \end{tikzpicture}
 \end{frame}

 \end{document}

我并不介意颜色不同。谢谢

Answer 1

边框颜色和圆圈填充可以根据您的喜好进行简单调整。为了保持代码的简单性，矩形的颜色（迄今为止）是固定的：

\documentclass{beamer}
\mode<presentation>{\usetheme{CambridgeUS}}
\usecolortheme{seahorse}

\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{lmodern}
%\usepackage[charter]{mathdesign} % i haven't installed
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}

\begin{document}

\begin{frame}[fragile]
 \begin{tikzpicture}[
C/.style = {circle,
           draw=#1, thick,
           fill=#1!30,
           minimum size=12mm
           },
R/.style = {rectangle,
           draw=gray, thick,
           fill=gray!30,
           minimum height=9mm,
           text width=12cm-#1cm,
           inner xsep=8mm,
           align=left,
           font=\Large,
           anchor=west
           }
                    ]
%
\draw[gray, line width=2mm] ( 60:4) arc (60:-60:4);
%
 \node[R=2.83] at ( 45:4) {Agra}; %  4*cos(45)
 \node[R=3.86] at ( 15:4) {Fran}; %  4*cos(15)
 \node[R=3.86] at (-15:4) {Brana};%  4*cos(15)
 \node[R=2.83] at (-45:4) {Grad}; %  4*cos(45)
%
\node[C=blue]  at ( 45:4) {};
\node[C=green] at ( 15:4) {};
\node[C=olive] at (-15:4) {};
\node[C=gray]  at (-45:4) {};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{frame}
\end{document}

补充： 对上面的例子进行一些小的改动，可以对矩形进行简单的着色：

\documentclass{beamer}
\mode<presentation>{\usetheme{CambridgeUS}}
\usecolortheme{seahorse}

\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{lmodern}
%\usepackage[charter]{mathdesign}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}

\begin{document}

\begin{frame}[fragile]
 \begin{tikzpicture}[
C/.style = {% Circle
            circle,
            draw=#1, thick,
            fill=#1!30,
            minimum size=11mm
           },
R/.style args = {#1:#2}{% Rectangle       <---
            rectangle, rounded corners, % <---
            draw=#2, very thin,
            top color= #2!20,           % <---
            bottom color= #2!20,        % <---
            middle color= #2!60,        % <---
            minimum height=9mm,
            text width=12cm-#1cm,
            inner xsep=9mm,
            align=left,
            font=\Large,
            anchor=west
           },
                    ]
%
\draw[gray, line width=2mm] ( 60:4) arc (60:-60:4);
%
 \node[R=2.83:blue]     at ( 45:4) {Agra}; %  4*cos(45)
 \node[R=3.86:green]    at ( 15:4) {Fran}; %  4*cos(15)
 \node[R=3.86:olive]    at (-15:4) {Brana};%  4*cos(15)
 \node[R=2.83:gray]     at (-45:4) {Grad}; %  4*cos(45)
%
\node[C=blue]  at ( 45:4) {};
\node[C=green] at ( 15:4) {};
\node[C=olive] at (-15:4) {};
\node[C=gray]  at (-45:4) {};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{frame}
\end{document}

Answer 2

该smartdiagram包可以做类似的事情：

\documentclass{beamer}
\usepackage{smartdiagram}

\begin{document}

\begin{frame}
\begin{center}
\smartdiagram[descriptive diagram]
{
{, Agra},
{, Fran},
{, Bran},
{, Grad},
}
\end{center}
\end{frame} 

\end{document}