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节点中 tikzpictures 中移位边缘标签并排，中间带有箭头

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节点中 tikzpictures 中移位边缘标签并排，中间带有箭头

我在 tikzpicture 中有两个节点，两个节点中都有一个嵌套的 tikzpicture 图形。现在，我希望有一个箭头从一个图形指向另一个图形 - 从一个图形的中心指向另一个图形的中心。这就是图形位于节点中的原因 - 我可以用箭头连接两个节点。问题是第二个图形中的边缘标签没有精确地放置在边缘上。 在此处输入图片描述 代码：

\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{standalone}
\usepackage[czech]{babel}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning,shapes,shadows,arrows,decorations.pathreplacing, snakes}

\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}
    \tikzstyle{every node}=[circle, minimum size=0pt, inner sep=0pt, outer sep=0pt, fill=white],
    \tikzstyle{vertex}=[circle, minimum size=4pt, inner sep=0pt, fill=orange]
        \node(graph) at (0,1) {
            \begin{tikzpicture}[font=\footnotesize, thick]
            \begin{scope}
                \node[vertex] (root)    at (4,  5) {};
                \node[vertex] (o)       at (4,  4) {};
                \node[vertex] (oc)      at (4,  3) {};
                \node[vertex] (a)       at (5,  4) {};

                \foreach \xfrom/\xto/\xlabel in {
                    root/o/o, o/oc/c,
                    root/a/a} {
                    \draw (\xfrom) to node[pos=0.5]{\xlabel} (\xto);
                };
            \end{scope}             
            \end{tikzpicture}
        };

        \node[right = of graph] (graph2) {
            \begin{tikzpicture}[font=\footnotesize, thick]
            \begin{scope}
                \node[vertex] (root)    at (4,  5) {};          
                \node[vertex] (o)       at (4,  4) {};
                \node[vertex] (oc)      at (4,  3) {};          
                \node[vertex] (a)       at (5,  4) {};

                \foreach \xfrom/\xto/\xlabel in {
                    root/o/o, o/oc/c} 
                {
                    \draw (\xfrom) to node[pos=0.5]{\xlabel} (\xto);
                };
                \foreach \xfrom/\xto/\xlabel in {
                    root/a/a} 
                {
                    \draw (\xfrom) to node[midway]{\xlabel} (\xto);
                };
            \end{scope}             
            \end{tikzpicture}
        };  

        \begin{scope}[segment amplitude=4]
        \draw[snake=triangles] (graph) -- (graph2);
        \end{scope}
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

可能的解决方案是使用pic，但这并不是我想要的，因为它在两个图中选择了一个精确点并连接它们而不是图本身（因此每次图更改为从其中心引导时都必须重定向箭头）。

在此处输入图片描述

代码：

\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{standalone}
\usepackage[czech]{babel}
\usepackage{times}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning,shapes,shadows,arrows,decorations.pathreplacing, snakes}

\begin{document}
    \tikzset{every node/.style={circle, minimum size=0pt, inner sep=0pt, outer sep=0pt, fill=white},
        vertex/.style={circle, minimum size=4pt, inner sep=0pt, fill=orange}}

    \tikzset{
        mygraph/.pic={
            \begin{scope}[font=\footnotesize, thick]
                \node[vertex] (root)    at (4,  5) {};
                \node[vertex] (o)       at (4,  4) {};
                \node[vertex] (oc)      at (4,  3) {};
                \node[vertex] (oco)     at (4,  2) {};
                \node[vertex] (a)       at (5,  4) {};

                \foreach \xfrom/\xto/\xlabel in {
                    root/o/o, o/oc/c, oc/oco/o,
                    root/a/a} {
                    \draw (\xfrom) to node[pos=0.5]{\xlabel} (\xto);
                };
            \end{scope}
        }
    }

    \begin{tikzpicture}
        \pic (graph) at (0,0) {mygraph=Hallo};
        \pic (graph2) at (3,0) {mygraph=Hallo};

        \path (grapha) -- (graph2o) coordinate[pos=0.2] (start) coordinate[pos=0.8] (end); \draw[snake=triangles,segment amplitude=4] (start) to (end);
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

答案1

tikzpicture这是不建议嵌套的一个例子。

另一种选择可能是两个，每个设置scopes一个，第二个设置一个。local bounding boxxshift

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass[12pt,a4paper,border=5mm]{standalone}
\usepackage[czech]{babel}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning,shapes,shadows,arrows,decorations.pathreplacing, snakes}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
 every node/.style={circle, minimum size=0pt, inner sep=0pt, outer sep=0pt, fill=white},
 vertex/.style={circle, minimum size=4pt, inner sep=0pt, fill=orange}
]

\begin{scope}[local bounding box=graph1]
    \node[vertex] (root)    at (4,  5) {};
    \node[vertex] (o)       at (4,  4) {};
    \node[vertex] (oc)      at (4,  3) {};
    \node[vertex] (a)       at (5,  4) {};

    \foreach \xfrom/\xto/\xlabel in {
        root/o/o, o/oc/c,
        root/a/a} {
        \draw (\xfrom) to node[pos=0.5]{\xlabel} (\xto);
    };
\end{scope}             


\begin{scope}[local bounding box=graph2, xshift=3cm]
    \node[vertex] (root)    at (4,  5) {};          
    \node[vertex] (o)       at (4,  4) {};
    \node[vertex] (oc)      at (4,  3) {};          
    \node[vertex] (a)       at (5,  4) {};

    \foreach \xfrom/\xto/\xlabel in {
        root/o/o, o/oc/c} 
    {
        \draw (\xfrom) to node[pos=0.5]{\xlabel} (\xto);
    };
    \foreach \xfrom/\xto/\xlabel in {
        root/a/a} 
    {
        \draw (\xfrom) to node[midway]{\xlabel} (\xto);
    };
\end{scope}


  \path (graph1) -- (graph2) coordinate[pos=0.3] (start) coordinate[pos=0.8] (end);
  \draw[snake=triangles,segment amplitude=4] (start) to (end);

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

答案2

Torbjørn T. 的local bounding box技巧非常高超，所以功劳应归于他。不过我想说的是，这个pic小玩意儿有助于避免重复。然后人们可以用前缀方法轻松地引用这些图片的元素。

\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{standalone}
\usepackage[czech]{babel}
\usepackage{times}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning,shapes,shadows,arrows,decorations.pathreplacing, snakes}

\begin{document}
    \tikzset{every node/.style={circle, minimum size=0pt, inner sep=0pt, outer sep=0pt, fill=white},
        vertex/.style={circle, minimum size=4pt, inner sep=0pt, fill=orange}}

    \tikzset{
        mygraph/.pic={
            \begin{scope}[font=\footnotesize, thick]
                \node[vertex] (root)    at (4,  5) {};
                \node[vertex] (o)       at (4,  4) {};
                \node[vertex] (oc)      at (4,  3) {};
                \node[vertex] (oco)     at (4,  2) {};
                \node[vertex] (a)       at (5,  4) {};

                \foreach \xfrom/\xto/\xlabel in {
                    root/o/o, o/oc/c, oc/oco/o,
                    root/a/a} {
                    \draw (\xfrom) to node[pos=0.5]{\xlabel} (\xto);
                };
            \end{scope}
        }
    }

    \begin{tikzpicture}
    \begin{scope}[local bounding box=graph1]
        \pic (graph1) at (0,0) {mygraph=Hallo};
    \end{scope} 
    \begin{scope}[local bounding box=graph2]
        \pic (graph2) at (3,0) {mygraph=Hallo};
    \end{scope}
    \draw[snake=triangles,segment amplitude=4] ([xshift=2mm]graph1.east) to 
    ([xshift=-2mm]graph2.west);
    % just for fun 
    \draw[-latex,shorten >=1mm,shorten <=1mm] (graph1a) to[out=-10,in=160] (graph2root);
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

一种可能性是将图片包装到节点中。

\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{standalone}
\usepackage[czech]{babel}
\usepackage{times}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning,shapes,shadows,arrows,decorations.pathreplacing,
snakes,fit,backgrounds}

\begin{document}
    \tikzset{every node/.style={circle, minimum size=0pt, inner sep=0pt, outer sep=0pt, fill=white},
        vertex/.style={circle, minimum size=4pt, inner sep=0pt, fill=orange}}

    \tikzset{
        mygraph/.pic={
            \begin{scope}[font=\footnotesize, thick]
                \node[vertex] (root)    at (4,  5) {};
                \node[vertex] (o)       at (4,  4) {};
                \node[vertex] (oc)      at (4,  3) {};
                \node[vertex] (oco)     at (4,  2) {};
                \node[vertex] (a)       at (5,  4) {};

                \foreach \xfrom/\xto/\xlabel in {
                    root/o/o, o/oc/c, oc/oco/o,
                    root/a/a} {
                    \draw (\xfrom) to node[pos=0.5]{\xlabel} (\xto);
                };
            \end{scope}
        }
    }

    \begin{tikzpicture}
        \pic (graph1) at (0,0) {mygraph=Hallo};
        \pic (graph2) at (3,0) {mygraph=Hallo};
        \begin{scope}[on background layer]
        \node[fit=(graph1oco) (graph1a) (graph1root),rectangle] (leftgraph){};
        \node[fit=(graph2oco) (graph2a) (graph2root),rectangle] (rightgraph){};
        \end{scope}
        \draw[snake=triangles,segment amplitude=4] ([xshift=2mm]leftgraph.east) to
        ([xshift=-2mm]rightgraph.west);
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

另一种可能性是使用路径图片，但我认为这会变得更加混乱（但我可能会被证明是错的并且学到一些东西；-）。

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