如何任意操纵电路图中的线路路径？

Question

我想用 LaTeX 来画这个：

---

这是我目前所拥有的：

%%%%%PREAMBLE%%%%%
\documentclass[border=0.25cm]{standalone}
\usepackage{circuitikz}

%%%%%HEAD%%%%%
\begin{document}
    \begin{circuitikz}

        %%%%%OBJECTS%%%%%
        \draw (-3.50,-3.00) -- ++(0,3.50) node[above] (x) {\(x\)};
        \draw (-2.50,-3.00) -- ++(0,3.50) node[above] (y) {\(y\)};
        \draw (-1.50,-3.00) -- ++(0,3.50) node[above] (z) {\(z\)};
        %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
        \draw (+0.67,-1.00) node[and port] (and2){};
        \draw (+4.50,-1.00) node[and port] (and1){};
        \draw (+0.00,-2.50) node[not port] (not2){};
        \draw (+2.50,-1.75) node[or port]  (orr1){};

        %%%%%INPUTS%%%%%%
        \draw[fill] (and1.in 1) -- (x |- and1.in 1) circle (1pt);
        \draw[fill] (and2.in 2) -- (y |- and2.in 2) circle (1pt);
        \draw[fill] (not2.in)   -- (y |- not2.in)   circle (1pt);
        \draw[fill] (and2.in 1) -- (z |- and2.in 1) circle (1pt);
        %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
        \draw       (and2.out)  -- (orr1.in 1);
        \draw       (not2.out)  -- (orr1.in 2);
        \draw       (orr1.out)  -- (and1.in 2);

        %%%%%OUTPUT%%%%%%
        \draw (and1.out) node[right=0.63cm](M){$M$};
        \draw (and1.out) -- (M);

%%%%%TAIL%%%%%
    \end{circuitikz}
\end{document}

---

显然，我只需移动一个与门，这样它们就不是直接平行的，但对输出的绝对控制会更好。

此外，如果我能让“与”门和非“非”门完美排列，那就太好了，但这并不是关键。

Answer 1

您可以随意绘制线条。像 这样的坐标and1.in 1只是tikz节点上的坐标。通过添加\usetikzlibrary{calc}到序言中，您可以进行坐标操作。有时通过添加坐标可以更容易地看到您正在做什么。下面tmp只是提升了 0.6 厘米。然后我首先绘制到和相交and1.in 1的坐标，然后再回到。tmporr1.outx

\coordinate (tmp) at ($(and1.in 1)+(0,0.6)$);
% \draw (tmp) circle (2pt);% Just to see where the coordinate is
\draw (and1.in 1) --(orr1.out |- tmp) -- (x |- tmp);
\draw[fill] (x |- tmp) circle (1pt);

也可以一次性完成\draw

\draw (and1.in 1) -- ($(orr1.out |- and1.in 1) + (0,0.6)$) -- ($(x |- and1.in 1) + (0,0.6)$) node[fill,circle,inner sep=1pt]{};

我猜这不是你要求的颜色，但它在这里:-)

\draw[color=red!40!yellow!100,thick] (and1.in 1) -- ($(orr1.out |- and1.in 1) + (0,0.6)$) -- ($(x |- and1.in 1) + (0,0.6)$) node[fill,circle,inner sep=1pt]{};