如何在 Fedora 20 上安装 nvidia 驱动程序 (gt 755m)？

Question

我正在尝试在 Fedora 20 上为我的 Geforce GT755M 安装 nvidia 驱动程序。我尝试安装 kmod、akmod 并从源代码编译。它们似乎都不起作用。我总是以黑屏告终。

从源代码编译后，当我重新启动系统时，无法进入登录屏幕。这是 Xorg.0.log 的输出：

 [   941.731] 
X.Org X Server 1.14.4
Release Date: 2013-10-31
[   941.731] X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0
[   941.731] Build Operating System:  3.14.3-200.fc20.x86_64 
[   941.731] Current Operating System: Linux abhay-mittal 3.14.5-200.fc20.x86_64 #1 SMP Mon Jun 2 14:26:34 UTC 2014 x86_64
[   941.731] Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/vmlinuz-3.14.5-200.fc20.x86_64 root=UUID=9508d200-f5fd-4a84-8ceb-549c1eb548d6 ro vconsole.font=latarcyrheb-sun16 rhgb quiet LANG=en_US.UTF-8
[   941.731] Build Date: 14 May 2014  12:35:26AM
[   941.731] Build ID: xorg-x11-server 1.14.4-9.fc20 
[   941.731] Current version of pixman: 0.30.0
[   941.731]    Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org
    to make sure that you have the latest version.
[   941.731] Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,
    (++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational,
    (WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown.
[   941.731] (==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.0.log", Time: Wed Jun 11 18:57:29 2014
[   941.731] (==) Using config file: "/etc/X11/xorg.conf"
[   941.731] (==) Using config directory: "/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d"
[   941.731] (==) Using system config directory "/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d"
[   941.732] (==) ServerLayout "Layout0"
[   941.732] (**) |-->Screen "Screen0" (0)
[   941.732] (**) |   |-->Monitor "Monitor0"
[   941.732] (**) |   |-->Device "Device0"
[   941.732] (**) |-->Input Device "Keyboard0"
[   941.732] (**) |-->Input Device "Mouse0"
[   941.732] (==) Automatically adding devices
[   941.732] (==) Automatically enabling devices
[   941.732] (==) Automatically adding GPU devices
[   941.732] (**) FontPath set to:
    /usr/share/fonts/default/Type1,
    catalogue:/etc/X11/fontpath.d,
    built-ins
[   941.732] (==) ModulePath set to "/usr/lib64/xorg/modules"
[   941.732] (WW) Hotplugging is on, devices using drivers 'kbd', 'mouse' or 'vmmouse' will be disabled.
[   941.732] (WW) Disabling Keyboard0
[   941.732] (WW) Disabling Mouse0
[   941.732] (II) Loader magic: 0x80dd00
[   941.732] (II) Module ABI versions:
[   941.732]    X.Org ANSI C Emulation: 0.4
[   941.732]    X.Org Video Driver: 14.1
[   941.732]    X.Org XInput driver : 19.2
[   941.732]    X.Org Server Extension : 7.0
[   941.732] (II) xfree86: Adding drm device (/dev/dri/card1)
[   941.935] (II) xfree86: Adding drm device (/dev/dri/card0)
[   941.936] (--) PCI:*(0:0:2:0) 8086:0416:17aa:3801 rev 6, Mem @ 0xc2000000/4194304, 0xb0000000/268435456, I/O @ 0x00005000/64, BIOS @ 0x????????/131072
[   941.936] (--) PCI: (0:1:0:0) 10de:0fcd:17aa:3801 rev 161, Mem @ 0xc0000000/16777216, 0x90000000/268435456, 0xa0000000/33554432, I/O @ 0x00004000/128, BIOS @ 0x????????/524288
[   941.936] Initializing built-in extension Generic Event Extension
[   941.936] Initializing built-in extension SHAPE
[   941.936] Initializing built-in extension MIT-SHM
[   941.936] Initializing built-in extension XInputExtension
[   941.936] Initializing built-in extension XTEST
[   941.936] Initializing built-in extension BIG-REQUESTS
[   941.936] Initializing built-in extension SYNC
[   941.936] Initializing built-in extension XKEYBOARD
[   941.936] Initializing built-in extension XC-MISC
[   941.936] Initializing built-in extension XINERAMA
[   941.936] Initializing built-in extension XFIXES
[   941.936] Initializing built-in extension RENDER
[   941.936] Initializing built-in extension RANDR
[   941.936] Initializing built-in extension COMPOSITE
[   941.936] Initializing built-in extension DAMAGE
[   941.936] Initializing built-in extension MIT-SCREEN-SAVER
[   941.936] Initializing built-in extension DOUBLE-BUFFER
[   941.936] Initializing built-in extension RECORD
[   941.936] Initializing built-in extension DPMS
[   941.936] Initializing built-in extension X-Resource
[   941.936] Initializing built-in extension XVideo
[   941.936] Initializing built-in extension XVideo-MotionCompensation
[   941.936] Initializing built-in extension SELinux
[   941.936] Initializing built-in extension XFree86-VidModeExtension
[   941.936] Initializing built-in extension XFree86-DGA
[   941.936] Initializing built-in extension XFree86-DRI
[   941.936] Initializing built-in extension DRI2
[   941.936] (II) "glx" will be loaded by default.
[   941.936] (WW) "xwayland" is not to be loaded by default. Skipping.
[   941.936] (II) LoadModule: "dri2"
[   941.936] (II) Module "dri2" already built-in
[   941.936] (II) LoadModule: "glamoregl"
[   941.936] (WW) Warning, couldn't open module glamoregl
[   941.936] (II) UnloadModule: "glamoregl"
[   941.936] (II) Unloading glamoregl
[   941.936] (EE) Failed to load module "glamoregl" (module does not exist, 0)
[   941.936] (II) LoadModule: "glx"
[   941.936] (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/extensions/libglx.so
[   941.944] (II) Module glx: vendor="NVIDIA Corporation"
[   941.944]    compiled for 4.0.2, module version = 1.0.0
[   941.944]    Module class: X.Org Server Extension
[   941.944] (II) NVIDIA GLX Module  331.79  Sat May 17 23:58:32 PDT 2014
[   941.944] Loading extension GLX
[   941.944] (II) LoadModule: "nvidia"
[   941.944] (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/drivers/nvidia_drv.so
[   941.944] (II) Module nvidia: vendor="NVIDIA Corporation"
[   941.944]    compiled for 4.0.2, module version = 1.0.0
[   941.944]    Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[   941.944] (II) NVIDIA dlloader X Driver  331.79  Sat May 17 23:37:42 PDT 2014
[   941.944] (II) NVIDIA Unified Driver for all Supported NVIDIA GPUs
[   941.944] (++) using VT number 1

[   941.944] (II) Loading sub module "fb"
[   941.944] (II) LoadModule: "fb"
[   941.944] (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/libfb.so
[   941.945] (II) Module fb: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[   941.945]    compiled for 1.14.4, module version = 1.0.0
[   941.945]    ABI class: X.Org ANSI C Emulation, version 0.4
[   941.945] (WW) Unresolved symbol: fbGetGCPrivateKey
[   941.945] (II) Loading sub module "wfb"
[   941.945] (II) LoadModule: "wfb"
[   941.945] (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/libwfb.so
[   941.945] (II) Module wfb: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[   941.945]    compiled for 1.14.4, module version = 1.0.0
[   941.945]    ABI class: X.Org ANSI C Emulation, version 0.4
[   941.945] (II) Loading sub module "ramdac"
[   941.945] (II) LoadModule: "ramdac"
[   941.945] (II) Module "ramdac" already built-in
[   941.969] (EE) NVIDIA: Failed to load the NVIDIA kernel module. Please check your
[   941.969] (EE) NVIDIA:     system's kernel log for additional error messages.
[   941.969] (EE) No devices detected.
[   941.969] (EE) 
Fatal server error:
[   941.969] (EE) no screens found(EE) 
[   941.969] (EE) 
Please consult the Fedora Project support 
     at http://wiki.x.org
 for help. 
[   941.969] (EE) Please also check the log file at "/var/log/Xorg.0.log" for additional information.
[   941.969] (EE) 

我查看了各个论坛上的帖子，没有找到可行的解决方案。无法弄清楚我做错了什么。请帮忙。

Answer 1

如果您使用的是笔记本电脑（755M 表明这是可能的），如果您有“集成”英特尔图形芯片组，那么一个干净的方法就是使用“BumbleBee”。

从源代码（或通过 kmod/akmod）安装 nvidia 模块对我来说是一次痛苦的经历：很可能是因为我打开了 UEFI，并且模块需要签名 - 这完全是另一回事。我禁用了安全启动。

Bumblebee 的好处在于它允许 NVidia 的 Optimus 功能适用于 Linux，这意味着当您不需要完整的 nvidia GPU 时，您可以在“低功耗”模式下运行。

Fedora 安装说明在这里：https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Bumblebee#fedora20

我的详细叙述在这里：http://mdda.net/oss-blog/2014-06/install-nvidia-optimus-on-FC20-acer-notebook/