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如何在数学模式中获取阶梯符号？

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如何在数学模式中获取阶梯符号？

我正在寻找一个“楼梯”或“阶梯”符号，可以在数学模式下使用它来表示阶梯状曲线，例如用作积分路径。我在下面附上了一些图片作为示例：

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对于“完整”楼梯：

在此处输入图片描述

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请随意添加更多合适的标签。

答案1

你可以自己构建一些东西，例如：

\documentclass{memoir}
\usepackage{multicol,tikz,xcolor, amsmath}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\tikzset{stairwayStyleLineWidth/.style={line width=0.04em}}
\tikzset{stairwayStyleRound/.style={line join=round,line cap=round,stairwayStyleLineWidth}}
\tikzset{stairwayStyleSharp/.style={stairwayStyleLineWidth}}
\tikzset{stairwayStyle/.style={stairwayStyleRound}}

\newcommand{\stairwayup}{\mathbin{
\tikz[baseline=(stairwayanchor.base)]{
    \node (stairwayanchor) {\quad}; 
    \draw[stairwayStyle] 
        ($(stairwayanchor.south west) + (0.0em,0.4em)$)
        -- ++(0.20em,0) -- ++(0,0.20em)
        -- ++(0.20em,0) -- ++(0,0.20em)
        -- ++(0.20em,0) -- ++(0,0.20em)
        -- ++(0.20em,0) %-- ++(0,0.25em)
        ;
}}
}

\newcommand{\stairwaydown}{\mathbin{
\tikz[baseline=(stairwayanchor.base)]{
    \node (stairwayanchor) {\quad}; 
    \draw[stairwayStyle] 
        ($(stairwayanchor.south east) + (0.0em,0.4em)$)
        -- ++(-0.20em,0) -- ++(0,0.20em)
        -- ++(-0.20em,0) -- ++(0,0.20em)
        -- ++(-0.20em,0) -- ++(0,0.20em)
        -- ++(-0.20em,0) %-- ++(0,-0.25em)
        ;
}}
}

\newcommand{\stairwayupfilled}{\mathbin{
\tikz[baseline=(stairwayanchor.base)]{
    \node (stairwayanchor) {\quad}; 
    \draw[stairwayStyle,fill=.] 
        ($(stairwayanchor.south west) + (0.0em,0.4em)$)
        -- ++(0,0.20em)
        -- ++(0.20em,0) -- ++(0,0.20em)
        -- ++(0.20em,0) -- ++(0,0.20em)
        -- ++(0.20em,0) %-- ++(0,0.25em)
        -- ++(0,-0.60em)
        -- cycle
        ;
}}
}

\newcommand{\stairwayuphollow}{\mathbin{
\tikz[baseline=(stairwayanchor.base)]{
    \node (stairwayanchor) {\quad}; 
    \draw[stairwayStyle] 
        ($(stairwayanchor.south west) + (0.0em,0.4em)$)
        -- ++(0,0.20em)
        -- ++(0.20em,0) -- ++(0,0.20em)
        -- ++(0.20em,0) -- ++(0,0.20em)
        -- ++(0.20em,0) %-- ++(0,0.25em)
        -- ++(0,-0.60em)
        -- cycle
        ;
}}
}

\newcommand{\stairwaydownfilled}{\mathbin{
\tikz[baseline=(stairwayanchor.base)]{
    \node (stairwayanchor) {\quad}; 
    \draw[stairwayStyle,fill=.] 
        ($(stairwayanchor.south east) + (0.0em,0.4em)$)
        -- ++(0,0.20em)
        -- ++(-0.20em,0) -- ++(0,0.20em)
        -- ++(-0.20em,0) -- ++(0,0.20em)
        -- ++(-0.20em,0) %-- ++(0,-0.25em)
        -- ++(0,-0.60em)
        -- cycle
        ;
}}
}

\newcommand{\stairwaydownhollow}{\mathbin{
\tikz[baseline=(stairwayanchor.base)]{
    \node (stairwayanchor) {\quad}; 
    \draw[stairwayStyle] 
        ($(stairwayanchor.south east) + (-0.0em,0.4em)$)
        -- ++(0,0.20em)
        -- ++(-0.20em,0) -- ++(0,0.20em)
        -- ++(-0.20em,0) -- ++(0,0.20em)
        -- ++(-0.20em,0) %-- ++(0,-0.25em)
        -- ++(0,-0.60em)
        -- cycle
        ;
}}
}



\begin{document}
\begin{multicols}{2}

The symbols used in Text $\stairwayupfilled \stairwayup \stairwayuphollow$ and $\stairwaydownfilled \stairwaydown \stairwaydownhollow$ and formulas:
\begin{align*}
    &5\stairwayup6 \stairwaydown 7 \\
    &\int_{\stairwayup} \omega, \int_{\stairwaydown} \omega\\
    &\stairwayupfilled \stairwayup \stairwayuphollow \\
    &\stairwaydownfilled \stairwaydown \stairwaydownhollow 
\end{align*}

Different sizes and widths: 

{\tiny $\stairwayup <$} 

{\huge $\stairwayup <$}

\begin{align*}
        {\tiny\stairwayup}
        {\huge\stairwayup}
\end{align*}

Color:
\begin{align*}
    \colorbox{blue}{\color{-blue} $\stairwayupfilled \stairwayup \stairwayuphollow$}
\end{align*}

Normalsize:
\begin{align*}
    6   &\stairwayup 5 \stairwaydown 7\\
    6   &> 5<7\\
    \int_{\stairwayup}  & \int_{\stairwaydown}
\end{align*}

\tiny Tiny:
\begin{align*}
    6   &\stairwayup 5 \stairwaydown 7\\
    6   &> 5<7\\
    \int_{\stairwayup}  & \int_{\stairwaydown}
\end{align*}

\huge Huge:
\begin{align*}
    6   &\stairwayup 5 \stairwaydown 7\\
    6   &> 5<7\\
    \int_{\stairwayup}  & \int_{\stairwaydown}
\end{align*}
\end{multicols}

\end{document}

观察楼梯的圆形外观。这样它们可以更好地融入<。如果您更改，可以选择尖角

\tikzset{stairwayStyle/.style={stairwayStyleRound}}

到

\tikzset{stairwayStyle/.style={stairwayStyleSharp}}

如果你想的话。笔画的粗细会随着字体大小而变化，符号的颜色也会相应改变。

钛钾一旦你有了基本的了解，z 就非常灵​​活。不过，与其他低级软件相比，它可能相对较慢。我的代码可能还有一些改进空间。

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

又一个这样的问题：我开始觉得我应该认真考虑把我的halloweenmath包裹将其整合到一个通常旨在用任意图片制作数学符号的包中。这样，您可以免费获得一些额外的功能，例如当bold数学版本生效时外观更大胆，以及下标/上标的自动缩放。然而，我看不出为什么所讨论的符号应该表现为二元运算符。

% My standard header for TeX.SX answers:
\documentclass[a4paper]{article} % To avoid confusion, let us explicitly 
                                 % declare the paper format.

\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}         % Not always necessary, but recommended.
% End of standard header.  What follows pertains to the problem at hand.

\usepackage{halloweenmath} % also loads "amsmath''

\makeatletter

\newcommand*\@HwM@ironwire@stairway[2]{%
  % #1 := font selector (e.g., "\textfont")
  % #2 := line thickness, in unit of default-rule-thickness "\fontdimen"
  \begin{@HwM@small@picture}#1{4.6}{-2.3}%
    \roundcap
    \linethickness{#2\@HwM@thickness@units@for #1}%
    \polyline(\-2,-2)(\-2,-1)(\-1,-1)(\-1,0)%
            (0,0)(0,1)(\+1,1)(\+1,2)(\+2,2)\relax
  \end{@HwM@small@picture}%
}
\newcommand*\@HwM@Ironwire@Stairway[2]{%
  % #1 := style selector (e.g., "\textstyle")
  % #2 := font selector (e.g., "\textfont")
  \@HwM@choose@thicknesses{\@HwM@ironwire@stairway #2}%
        {{1.25}}%
        {{2.5}}%
}

\newcommand*\@HwM@hollow@stairway[2]{%
  % #1 := font selector (e.g., "\textfont")
  % #2 := line thickness, in unit of default-rule-thickness "\fontdimen"
  \begin{@HwM@small@picture}#1{4.6}{-2.3}%
    \roundcap
    \linethickness{#2\@HwM@thickness@units@for #1}%
    \polygon(\-2,-2)(\-2,-1)(\-1,-1)(\-1,0)%
            (0,0)(0,1)(\+1,1)(\+1,2)(\+2,2)%
            (\+2,-2)\relax
  \end{@HwM@small@picture}%
}
\newcommand*\@HwM@Hollow@Stairway[2]{%
  % #1 := style selector (e.g., "\textstyle")
  % #2 := font selector (e.g., "\textfont")
  \@HwM@choose@thicknesses{\@HwM@hollow@stairway #2}%
        {{1.25}}%
        {{2.5}}%
}

\newcommand*\mathsimplerightstair{\@HwM@set@right@dir \@HwM@mathsimplestair}
\newcommand*\mathsimpleleftstair {\@HwM@set@left@dir  \@HwM@mathsimplestair}
\newcommand*\@HwM@mathsimplestair{%
  \@HwM@general@ordinary@symbol \@HwM@Ironwire@Stairway
}
\newcommand*\mathhollowrightstair{\@HwM@set@right@dir \@HwM@mathhollowstair}
\newcommand*\mathhollowleftstair {\@HwM@set@left@dir  \@HwM@mathhollowstair}
\newcommand*\@HwM@mathhollowstair{%
  \@HwM@general@ordinary@symbol \@HwM@Hollow@Stairway
}

\makeatother



\begin{document}

In text, surrounded by square brackets so to check the sidebearings:
\( [ \mathsimplerightstair \mathsimpleleftstair] \),
or \( [\mathhollowrightstair \mathhollowleftstair] \).
Now in display:
\[
    \mathsimplerightstair + \int_{\mathsimplerightstair} f(z)\,dz
        - \mathhollowleftstair - \int_{\mathhollowleftstair} g(z)\,dz
\]
Note that the symbols get smaller in the subscript, even if the main font size
doesn't change.  This behavior extends to double scripts, \emph{e.g.},
\( [\mathhollowrightstair_{\mathhollowrightstair^{\mathhollowrightstair}}] \),
as one would expect.\footnote{Of course, changes in the main font size are 
honored too:
\( [\mathhollowrightstair_{\mathhollowrightstair^{\mathhollowrightstair}}] \).}

Furthemore, compare the looks of the four symbols in the \texttt{normal} and in 
the \texttt{bold} math versions:
\( [\mathsimplerightstair \mathsimpleleftstair
\mathhollowrightstair \mathhollowleftstair] \)
{\bfseries \boldmath versus
\( [\mathsimplerightstair \mathsimpleleftstair
\mathhollowrightstair \mathhollowleftstair] \).}

As already mentioned in a footnote, the symbols also scale with the main font 
size (compare them with the brackets).

\bigskip

{\Large This is \verb|\Large|:
\( [ \mathsimplerightstair \mathsimpleleftstair] +
\mathhollowrightstair_{\mathhollowrightstair}\).}

\bigskip

{\Huge This is \verb|\Huge|:
\( [ \mathsimplerightstair \mathsimpleleftstair] +
\mathhollowrightstair_{\mathhollowrightstair}\).}

\bigskip

{\footnotesize This is \verb|\footnotesize|:
\( [ \mathsimplerightstair \mathsimpleleftstair] +
\mathhollowrightstair_{\mathhollowrightstair}\).}

\end{document}

请参阅注释halloweenmath.dtx以了解宏的工作原理。当然，可能仍需要对侧边距和线条粗细进行一些微调。

这是输出：

代码输出

添加： 我突然想到，在上面的代码中，您可能需要将所有出现的 替换为\roundcap，\roundcap \roundjoin以便在楼梯各段之间获得圆形连接以及圆形盖帽；事实上，\roundcap在 的情况下甚至毫无用处\@HwM@hollow@stairway，因为它根本没有盖帽！

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