如何修改箱线图！？（平均值、异常值、值：中位数……）

Question

我原本以为这些事情会比较难一些，但其实并没有那么糟糕。

正如评论中提到的那样，\boxplotvalue{average}不会将数字传递给pgf数字解析器，因此/pgf/number format/use comma没有效果。使用\pgfmathprintnumber{\boxplotvalue{average}}。

实现此目的的一种方法是使用scatter/classes。在axis选项中添加

scatter/classes={
  a={mark=star},
  b={mark=*}
}

在相关选项中\addplot添加

scatter,
scatter src=explicit symbolic,

最后修改坐标流为

coordinates {
    (2,1) [a]
    (2,4) [b]
    };

a要在从到的行的开头上方添加节点，b可以使用例如\draw (a) node[above right] {...} -- (b);。因此，在你的情况下
```
\draw[black, densely dotted]
      (axis cs:0, 5.50) coordinate (tmp)
      (current axis.west |- tmp) node[above right] {\pgfmathprintnumber{5.5}}-- (current axis.east |- tmp);
```
（可能需要进行一些修改，具体取决于您想要该节点的具体位置，不确定我是否理解得正确。）
50% 分位数就是中位数，因此您可以使用与平均值完全相同的方法。顺便问一下，您想要靠近框的中间，还是靠近中位数（如下所示）？

也就是说，可以修改箱线图的绘制方式，以便默认添加这两个节点。手册中描述了需要修改的样式，因此我从那里获取了以下大部分内容，仅添加了注释中指出的两件事：

\makeatletter
\pgfplotsset{
   boxplot/draw/average/.code={ % the bulk part of this is the default, found in the manual
      \draw [/pgfplots/boxplot/every average/.try]
      \pgfextra
      % do NOT use \draw[mark=*] plot coordinates because
      % boxplots uses the same plot handler to draw its
      % outliers.
      \pgftransformshift{%
      % basic level access to ’boxplot box cs’:
      \pgfplotsboxplotpointabbox
      {\pgfplotsboxplotvalue{average}}
      {0.5}%
    }%
    \pgfuseplotmark{\tikz@plot@mark}%
    \endpgfextra
    ;
    % the following line is the only new addition
    \node[right,font=\scriptsize] at (boxplot box cs: \boxplotvalue{average}, 0.95) {\pgfmathprintnumber{\boxplotvalue{average}}};
},
boxplot/draw/median/.code={
   \draw [/pgfplots/boxplot/every median/.try]
       (boxplot box cs:\pgfplotsboxplotvalue{median},0)
         % the following line is the only difference from the default definition
         node[left] {\pgfmathprintnumber{\pgfplotsboxplotvalue{median}}}
        --
        (boxplot box cs:\pgfplotsboxplotvalue{median},1);
  },
}
\makeatother

在下面的代码中，我刚刚在之前添加了它 \begin{tikzpicture}。但是，如果您有多个箱线图，并且它们都应该具有相同的样式，那么最好将其移动到序言中，或者创建一个新的样式。

\documentclass[a4paper]{scrbook}

\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}                     
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}                        

\usepackage{pgfplotstable} % loads pgfplots which loads tikz which loads graphicx
\usepgfplotslibrary{statistics}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.8}
\pgfplotsset{/pgf/number format/use comma} 
\usepackage{caption}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}
\textcolor{black!50}{\rule{\linewidth}{0.25pt}}
\centering
\scriptsize
\\[5ex]
\makeatletter
\pgfplotsset{
   boxplot/draw/average/.code={ % the bulk part of this is the default, found in the manual
      \draw [/pgfplots/boxplot/every average/.try]
      \pgfextra
      % do NOT use \draw[mark=*] plot coordinates because
      % boxplots uses the same plot handler to draw its
      % outliers.
      \pgftransformshift{%
      % basic level access to ’boxplot box cs’:
      \pgfplotsboxplotpointabbox
      {\pgfplotsboxplotvalue{average}}
      {0.5}%
    }%
    \pgfuseplotmark{\tikz@plot@mark}%
    \endpgfextra
    ;
    % the following line is the only new addition
    \node[right,font=\scriptsize] at (boxplot box cs: \boxplotvalue{average}, 0.95) {\pgfmathprintnumber{\boxplotvalue{average}}};
},
boxplot/draw/median/.code={
   \draw [/pgfplots/boxplot/every median/.try]
       (boxplot box cs:\pgfplotsboxplotvalue{median},0)
         % the following line is the only difference from the default definition
         node[left] {\pgfmathprintnumber{\pgfplotsboxplotvalue{median}}}
        --
        (boxplot box cs:\pgfplotsboxplotvalue{median},1);
  },
}
\makeatother
\begin{tikzpicture}
  \begin{axis}
    [
    clip=false,
    boxplot/draw direction=y,
    boxplot/variable width,
    boxplot/every median/.style={black,very thick,solid},
    width=1.00\textwidth,
    height=0.33\textheight,
    ylabel style={align=center}, 
    ytick={0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7},
    y tick label style={align=right},
    yticklabels={0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7},
    xtick={0,1,2,3,4},
    x tick label style={align=center},
    xticklabels={,1,2,3,4},
    scatter/classes={
      a={mark=star},
      b={mark=*}
    }
    ]

    \node at (axis cs:0,0) [anchor=west] {\tiny (- - -)};
    \node at (axis cs:0,8) [anchor=west] {\tiny (+++)};

%%% MEAN %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    \draw[black, densely dotted]
      (axis cs:0, 5.50) coordinate (tmp)
      (current axis.west |- tmp) node[above right] {\pgfmathprintnumber{5.5}}-- (current axis.east |- tmp);

      %%% Can the value "5,50" be displayed on the left side of the graph above he dotted line?


%%% 1 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    \addplot[
    mark=*,
    boxplot,
    boxplot prepared={
      average=5,
      lower whisker=2,
      lower quartile=4.5,
      median=5,
      upper quartile=6.5,
      upper whisker=7,
      sample size=3 
    },
    ] 
    coordinates {};


% 2 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    \addplot[
    boxplot,
    scatter,
    scatter src=explicit symbolic,
    mark options={fill=white}, 
    boxplot prepared={
      average=6.25,
      lower whisker=5,
      lower quartile=6,
      median=6,
      upper quartile=7,
      upper whisker=7,
      sample size=3 
    },
    ] 
    coordinates {
    (2,1) [a]
    (2,4) [b]
    };



% 3 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    \addplot[
    mark=*, 
    boxplot,
    mark options={fill=white}, 
    boxplot prepared={
      average=6.3,
      lower whisker=5,
      lower quartile=6,
      median=6,
      upper quartile=7,
      upper whisker=7,
      sample size=3 
    },
    ] 
    coordinates {(3,4)};


% 4 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    \addplot[
    mark=*, 
    boxplot,
    boxplot prepared={
      average=5.50,
      lower whisker=4,
      lower quartile=5,
      median=6,
      upper quartile=6,
      upper whisker=7,
      sample size=3 
    },
    ] 
    coordinates {};

  \end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\textcolor{black!50}{\rule{\linewidth}{0.25pt}}
\caption[caption]{caption}
\end{figure}
\end{document}

Answer 1