这些黑色矩形是什么（它们不在最小代码中，而是在原始文件中）并且为什么星号不是数字？
\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{report}
\setlength\textwidth{145mm}
\setlength\textheight{247mm}
\setlength\oddsidemargin{15mm}
\setlength\evensidemargin{15mm}
\setlength\topmargin{0mm}
\setlength\headsep{0mm}
\setlength\headheight{0mm}
\let\openright=\clearpage
\usepackage{booktabs, makecell,amsmath, graphicx}
\usepackage[output-decimal-marker={,}]{siunitx}
\newcommand\stack[1]{\multicolumn{1}{c}{\shortstack{#1}}}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}[htb]
\caption{Příklady zjištěných parametrů II}
\small\centering
\begin{tabular*}{\textwidth}{@{\extracolsep{\fill}}
c
S[table-format=2.2(2)]
S[table-format=2.2(2)]
S[table-format=6.0(1)]
S[table-format=6.0(3)]
S[table-format=1.4(2)]
S[table-format=1.3(3)]
}\Xhline{4\arrayrulewidth}
&&&&&&\\[-10pt]
\shortstack{Číslo\\ zdroje}
& \stack{$a$\\ ($\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$)}
& \stack{$i$\\ ($\si{\degree}$)}
& \stack{$T_1$\\ ($\mathrm{K}$)}
& \stack{$T_2$\\ ($\mathrm{K}$)}
& \stack{$\Omega_1$\\ ($\si{\degree}$)}
& \stack{$\Omega_2$\\ ($\si{\degree}$)} \\\midrule
7 & 43,9(3) & 81,0(11) & 30000$^*$ & 19380(520) & 3,534(55) & 5,615(84) \\
8 & 44,2(3) & 67,6(4) & 30000$^*$ & 24000$^\ast$ & 3,156$^\ast$ & 4,008(81) \\
9 & 44,0(3) & 73,6(3) & 30000$^*$ & 24000$^\ast$& 3,328(34) & 5,065$^\ast$ \\
\Xhline{4\arrayrulewidth}
\end{tabular*}
\smallskip
\resizebox{\linewidth}{!}{\textit{Pozn:}
Čísla v závorkách jsou chyby posledních uvedených cifer. $^*$značí fixované
parametry.}
\end{table}
\begin{table}[htb]
\caption{Příklady zjištěných parametrů II}
\small\centering
\begin{tabular*}{\textwidth}{@{\extracolsep{\fill}}
c
S[table-format=1.4(1)]
S[table-format=2.0]
S[table-format=2.2]
S[table-format=2.1(1)]
S[table-format=1.1(1)]
S[table-format=2.4(1)]
}\Xhline{4\arrayrulewidth}
&&&&&&\\[-10pt]
\shortstack{Číslo\\ zdroje}
& \stack{$q = \dfrac{M_2}{M_1}$}
& \stack{$M_1$\\ ($\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$)}
& \stack{$M_2$ \\ ($\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$)}
& \stack{$R_1$\\ ($\mathrm{R}_{\odot}$)}
& \stack{$R_2$\\ ($\mathrm{R}_{\odot}$)}
& \stack{$V_{\gamma}$\\ (\si{\kilo\meter\per\second})} \\\midrule
4 & & & & & & 21,7(5) \\
7 & 0,3821 & 25$^\ast$ & 9,55 & 14,3 & 4,0 & 21,74(50)\\
8 & 0,4147 & 25$^\ast$ & 10,4 & 16,8 & 7,0 & 21,77(51) \\
9 & 0,3962 & 25$^\ast$ & 9,91 & 15,6 & 4,8 & 21,74(50) \\
\Xhline{4\arrayrulewidth}
\end{tabular*}
\smallskip
\resizebox{\linewidth}{!}{\textit{Pozn:}
Čísla v závorkách jsou chyby posledních uvedených cifer. $^*$značí fixované
parametry.}
\end{table}
\end{document}
编辑
\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{report}
\setlength\textwidth{145mm}
\setlength\textheight{247mm}
\setlength\oddsidemargin{15mm}
\setlength\evensidemargin{15mm}
\setlength\topmargin{0mm}
\setlength\headsep{0mm}
\setlength\headheight{0mm}
\let\openright=\clearpage
\usepackage{booktabs, makecell,amsmath, graphicx}
\usepackage[output-decimal-marker={,}]{siunitx}
\NewDocumentCommand{\anote}{}{\makebox[0pt][l]{$^*$}}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}[htb]
\caption{Příklady zjištěných parametrů I}
\small
\setlength\tabcolsep{0pt}
\begin{tabular*}{\textwidth}{@{\extracolsep{\fill}}
c
S[table-format=1.6(2)]
S[table-format=5.3(3)]
S[table-format=1.4(3)]
S[table-format=3.1(2)]
S[table-format=3.2(2)]
S[table-format=3.1(2)]
}
\Xhline{4\arrayrulewidth}
&&&&&&\\[-10pt]
\makecell[t]{Číslo\\ zdroje}
& {\makecell[t]{$P$\\ (dny)}}
& {\makecell[t]{$T_0$\\ (RJD)}}
& {\makecell[t]{$e$}}
& {\makecell[t]{$\omega$\\ (\si{\degree})}}
& {\makecell[t]{$K_1$\\ (\si{\kilo\meter\per\second})}}
& {\makecell[t]{$K_2$\\ (\si{\kilo\meter\per\second})}} \\
\midrule
1 & 5,732436(15) & 54002,780(46) & 0,0910(37) & 149,2(30) & & \\
2 & 5,732436(3) & 54002,7241(96) & 0,0858(41) & 145,6(39) & & \\
3 & 5,732436(1) & 54002,7775(34) & 0,0883(26) & 149,1(23) & & \\
4 & & 54002,705(60) & 0,0955(69) & 144,0(39) & 106,33(71) & \\
5 & & 54002,785 & &149,2 & 108,5 & \\
6 & & 54002,768 & &148,3 & 107,9 & \\
7 & & & &148,7(24) & & \\
8 & & & &144,2(21) & & \\
9 & & & &140,0(18) & & \\
11 &5,732436\anote &56295,674(62) &0,1133(3) &141,3(2) & & \\
\hline
12 & 5,732436\anote & 57040,938\anote & 0,1124\anote & 144,2\anote &104,6(16)&266(20)\\
13 & 5,732436\anote & & 0,1124(92) & 141,2119(81) & & \\
14 & 5,732436\anote & & 0,1124 & 141,43 (75) & & \\
15& 5,732436\anote & & 0,1130(71) & 141,0834(48) & & \\
\Xhline{4\arrayrulewidth}
\multicolumn{7}{l}{\footnotesize \textit{Pozn:}
Čísla v~závorkách jsou chyby posledních uvedených cifer.}
\end{tabular*}
\label{parametryI}
\end{table}
\end{document}
答案1
切勿使用\shortstack。它不会达到您的预期效果。请\makecell在表格中使用 。
将星号的宽度设为零是有意义的，但您还应该更加注意其中的数字table-format。
使用table-align-text-post=false，星号将附加到数字上。
确保在 S 列的标题处支撑项目。
\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{report}
\setlength\textwidth{145mm}
\setlength\textheight{247mm}
\setlength\oddsidemargin{15mm}
\setlength\evensidemargin{15mm}
\setlength\topmargin{0mm}
\setlength\headsep{0mm}
\setlength\headheight{0mm}
\let\openright=\clearpage
\usepackage{booktabs, makecell,amsmath, graphicx}
\usepackage[output-decimal-marker={,}]{siunitx}
\NewDocumentCommand{\anote}{}{\makebox[0pt][l]{$^*$}}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}[htb]
\caption{Příklady zjištěných parametrů II}
\small\centering
\sisetup{table-align-text-post=false}
\begin{tabular*}{\textwidth}{@{\extracolsep{\fill}}
c
S[table-format=2.2(2)]
S[table-format=2.2(2)]
S[table-format=6.0]
S[table-format=6.0(3)]
S[table-format=1.3(2)]
S[table-format=1.3(2)]
}
\toprule
\makecell{Číslo\\ zdroje}
& {\makecell{$a$\\ ($\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$)}}
& {\makecell{$i$ \\ (\si{\degree})}}
& {\makecell{$T_1$\\ (\si{\kelvin})}}
& {\makecell{$T_2$\\ (\si{\kelvin})}}
& {\makecell{$\Omega_1$\\ (\si{\degree})}}
& {\makecell{$\Omega_2$\\ (\si{\degree})}} \\
\midrule
7 & 43,9(3) & 81,0(11) & 30000\anote & 19380(520) & 3,534(55) & 5,615(84) \\
8 & 44,2(3) & 67,6(4) & 30000\anote & 24000\anote & 3,156\anote & 4,008(81) \\
9 & 44,0(3) & 73,6(3) & 30000\anote & 24000\anote & 3,328(34) & 5,065\anote \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular*}
\smallskip
\parbox[t]{\textwidth}{\footnotesize
\textit{Pozn:}
Čísla v závorkách jsou chyby posledních uvedených cifer.
$^*$~značí fixované parametry.
}
\end{table}
\begin{table}[htb]
\caption{Příklady zjištěných parametrů II}
\small\centering
\begin{tabular*}{\textwidth}{@{\extracolsep{\fill}}
c
S[table-format=1.4]
S[table-format=2.0]
S[table-format=2.2]
S[table-format=2.1]
S[table-format=1.1]
S[table-format=2.2(2)]
}
\toprule
\makecell{Číslo\\ zdroje}
& {\makecell{$q = \dfrac{M_2}{M_1}$}}
& {\makecell{$M_1$\\ ($\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$)}}
& {\makecell{$M_2$ \\ ($\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$)}}
& {\makecell{$R_1$\\ ($\mathrm{R}_{\odot}$)}}
& {\makecell{$R_2$\\ ($\mathrm{R}_{\odot}$)}}
& {\makecell{$V_{\gamma}$\\ (\si{\kilo\meter\per\second})}} \\
\midrule
4 & & & & & & 21,7(5) \\
7 & 0,3821 & 25\anote & 9,55 & 14,3 & 4,0 & 21,74(50) \\
8 & 0,4147 & 25\anote & 10,4 & 16,8 & 7,0 & 21,77(51) \\
9 & 0,3962 & 25\anote & 9,91 & 15,6 & 4,8 & 21,74(50) \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular*}
\smallskip
\parbox[t]{\textwidth}{\footnotesize
\textit{Pozn:}
Čísla v závorkách jsou chyby posledních uvedených cifer.
$^*$ značí fixované parametry.}
\end{table}
\end{document}
