向倒金字塔图形添加轴

Question

我想建立一个倒金字塔，其顶点位于 x、y、z 轴的原点。我的尝试

\definecolor{cof}{RGB}{219,144,71}
\definecolor{pur}{RGB}{186,146,162}
\definecolor{greeo}{RGB}{91,173,69}
\definecolor{greet}{RGB}{52,111,72}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[thick,scale=5]
\coordinate (A1) at (0,0);
\coordinate (A2) at (0.6,0.2);
\coordinate (A3) at (1,0);
\coordinate (A4) at (0.4,-0.2);
\coordinate (B2) at (0.5,-0.5);

\begin{scope}[thick,dashed,,opacity=0.6]
\draw (A2) -- (B2);
\end{scope}
\draw[fill=cof,opacity=0.6] (A1) -- (A4) -- (A3) -- (A2);
\draw[fill=pur,opacity=0.6] (A1) -- (A4) -- (B2);
\draw[fill=greeo,opacity=0.6] (A3) -- (A4);
\draw[fill=greet,opacity=0.6] (A3) -- (A4) -- (B2);
\draw (A1) -- (B2) -- (A3);
\draw (A1) -- (A2) -- (A3);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

产生图片

但我无法添加轴。

Answer 1

我会用tikz-3dplot它。然后您可以使用 3d 坐标，添加轴等就变得很简单了。

\documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}
\definecolor{cof}{RGB}{219,144,71}
\definecolor{pur}{RGB}{186,146,162}
\definecolor{greeo}{RGB}{91,173,69}
\definecolor{greet}{RGB}{52,111,72}
\usepackage{tikz-3dplot}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[thick,scale=5]
\tdplotsetmaincoords{70}{60}
\begin{scope}[tdplot_main_coords]
\coordinate (A1) at (-0.5,-0.5,0);
\coordinate (A2) at (-0.5,0.5,0);
\coordinate (A3) at (0.5,0.5,0);
\coordinate (A4) at (0.5,-0.5,0);
\coordinate (B2) at (0,0,-0.5);

\begin{scope}[thick,dashed,,opacity=0.6]
\draw (A2) -- (B2);
\end{scope}
\draw[fill=cof,opacity=0.6] (A1) -- (A4) -- (A3) -- (A2) -- cycle;
\draw[fill=pur,opacity=0.6] (A1) -- (A4) -- (B2);
%\draw[fill=greeo,opacity=0.6] (A3) -- (A4);
\draw[fill=greet,opacity=0.6] (A3) -- (A4) -- (B2);
\draw (A1) -- (B2) -- (A3);
\draw (A1) -- (A2) -- (A3);
\draw[-stealth] (0,0,0) -- (1,0,0) node[pos=1.1]{$x$};
\draw[-stealth] (0,0,0) -- (0,1,0) node[pos=1.1]{$y$};
\draw[-stealth] (0,0,0) -- (0,0,1) node[pos=1.1]{$z$};
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

或者

\documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}
\definecolor{cof}{RGB}{219,144,71}
\definecolor{pur}{RGB}{186,146,162}
\definecolor{greeo}{RGB}{91,173,69}
\definecolor{greet}{RGB}{52,111,72}
\usepackage{tikz-3dplot}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[thick,scale=5]
\tdplotsetmaincoords{80}{60}
\begin{scope}[tdplot_main_coords]
\coordinate (A1) at (-0.5,-0.5,0);
\coordinate (A2) at (-0.5,0.5,0);
\coordinate (A3) at (0.5,0.5,0);
\coordinate (A4) at (0.5,-0.5,0);
\coordinate (B2) at (0,0,-0.5);

\begin{scope}[thick,dashed,,opacity=0.6]
\draw (A2) -- (B2);
\end{scope}
\draw[fill=cof,opacity=0.6] (A1) -- (A4) -- (A3) -- (A2) -- cycle;
\draw[fill=pur,opacity=0.6] (A1) -- (A4) -- (B2);
%\draw[fill=greeo,opacity=0.6] (A3) -- (A4);
\draw[fill=greet,opacity=0.6] (A3) -- (A4) -- (B2);
\draw (A1) -- (B2) -- (A3);
\draw (A1) -- (A2) -- (A3);
\draw[-stealth] (A1) -- ++ (0.5,0,0) node[above]{$x$};
\draw[-stealth] (A1) -- ++ (0,0.5,0) node[above]{$y$};
\draw[-stealth] (A1) -- ++ (0,0,0.5) node[pos=1.1]{$z$};
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

至于您旋转坐标轴的请求：

\documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}
\definecolor{cof}{RGB}{219,144,71}
\definecolor{pur}{RGB}{186,146,162}
\definecolor{greeo}{RGB}{91,173,69}
\definecolor{greet}{RGB}{52,111,72}
\usepackage{tikz-3dplot}
\begin{document}
\foreach \X in {0,5,...,355}
{\begin{tikzpicture}[thick,scale=5]
\path (-1.4,-0.6) rectangle (0.7,0.7);
\tdplotsetmaincoords{80}{60}
\begin{scope}[tdplot_main_coords]
 \coordinate (A1) at (-0.5,-0.5,0);
 \coordinate (A2) at (-0.5,0.5,0);
 \coordinate (A3) at (0.5,0.5,0);
 \coordinate (A4) at (0.5,-0.5,0);
 \coordinate (B2) at (0,0,-0.5);
 \begin{scope}[thick,dashed,,opacity=0.6]
 \draw (A2) -- (B2);
 \end{scope}
 \draw[fill=cof,opacity=0.6] (A1) -- (A4) -- (A3) -- (A2) -- cycle;
 \draw[fill=pur,opacity=0.6] (A1) -- (A4) -- (B2);
 \draw[fill=greet,opacity=0.6] (A3) -- (A4) -- (B2);
 \draw (A1) -- (B2) -- (A3);
 \draw (A1) -- (A2) -- (A3);
 \tdplotsetrotatedcoords{\X}{0}{0}
 \begin{scope}[tdplot_rotated_coords]
  \draw[-stealth] (A1) -- ++ (0.5,0,0) node[above]{$x$};
  \draw[-stealth] (A1) -- ++ (0,0.5,0) node[above]{$y$};
  \draw[-stealth] (A1) -- ++ (0,0,0.5) node[pos=1.1]{$z$};
 \end{scope}
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}}
\end{document}

当然，三维空间中可能存在不止一种旋转。这反映在以下事实中：\tdplotsetrotatedcoords{<angle 1>}{<angle 2>}{<angle 3>}具有三个参数（角度）的事实上。如果你对这些参数的解释感到困惑，你可能需要看看这个问题。