要指定列，我可以使用ps's-o选项：
ps -o pid,cmd
我怎样才能ps输出所有可用的列？
答案1
ps是一个非常依赖于系统的命令。所以答案取决于您使用的 Unix 变体。
psLinux 上的 procps-ng 版本 3.3.3 起：
ps -Ao "$(ps L|cut -d' ' -f1 | grep -vx thcount)" | less -S
（由于某种原因thcount出现在已知字段列表中，但不被接受作为-o.的参数nlwp，但可以）。
你会得到很多重复，因为其中许多字段是同一事物的别名（或表达它的不同方式。例如，start一旦你有了 ，你就不再需要lstart）。
让列标题显示字段选择器而不是普通标题（以帮助您优化所需的列）：
ps -Ao "$(ps L|sed -n '/thcount/!s/\([^ ]*\).*/\1=\1/p')" | less -S
POSIX 指定的字段有 args、comm、etime、group、nice、pcpu、pgid、pid、ppid、rgroup、ruser、time、tty、user 和 vsz。所以你可以使用
ps -Ao args,comm,etime,group,nice,pcpu,pgid,pid,ppid,rgroup,ruser,time,tty,user,vsz
对于应该适用于所有兼容系统的命令。
答案2
ps axo pid,tid,class,rtprio,ni,pri,psr,pcpu,stat,comm,cmd,stat,euid,ruid,tty,tpgid,sess,pgrp,ppid,tt,user,fname,tmout,f,wchan
您自己应该从上面的列表中进行选择。
例如：
mohsen@debian:~$ ps axo pid,ppid,user,cmd
PID PPID USER CMD
1 0 root init [2]
2 0 root [kthreadd]
3 2 root [ksoftirqd/0]
4 2 root [kworker/0:0]
5 2 root [kworker/0:0H]
6 2 root [kworker/u:0]
7 2 root [kworker/u:0H]
8 2 root [migration/0]
9 2 root [rcu_bh]
10 2 root [rcu_sched]
11 2 root [watchdog/0]
12 2 root [watchdog/1]
13 2 root [ksoftirqd/1]
14 2 root [migration/1]
15 2 root [kworker/1:0]
16 2 root [kworker/1:0H]
17 2 root [watchdog/2]
18 2 root [ksoftirqd/2]
19 2 root [migration/2]
20 2 root [kworker/2:0]
21 2 root [kworker/2:0H]
22 2 root [watchdog/3]
23 2 root [ksoftirqd/3]
24 2 root [migration/3]
25 2 root [kworker/3:0]
26 2 root [kworker/3:0H]
27 2 root [watchdog/4]
28 2 root [ksoftirqd/4]
29 2 root [migration/4]
30 2 root [kworker/4:0]
31 2 root [kworker/4:0H]
32 2 root [watchdog/5]
33 2 root [ksoftirqd/5]
34 2 root [migration/5]
35 2 root [kworker/5:0]
36 2 root [kworker/5:0H]
37 2 root [watchdog/6]
38 2 root [ksoftirqd/6]
39 2 root [migration/6]
40 2 root [kworker/6:0]
41 2 root [kworker/6:0H]
42 2 root [watchdog/7]
43 2 root [ksoftirqd/7]
44 2 root [migration/7]
45 2 root [kworker/7:0]
46 2 root [kworker/7:0H]
47 2 root [cpuset]
48 2 root [khelper]
49 2 root [kdevtmpfs]
50 2 root [netns]
51 2 root [bdi-default]
52 2 root [kintegrityd]
53 2 root [kblockd]
54 2 root [kworker/0:1]
55 2 root [kworker/4:1]
56 2 root [kworker/2:1]
57 2 root [kworker/3:1]
58 2 root [khungtaskd]
59 2 root [kswapd0]
60 2 root [ksmd]
61 2 root [khugepaged]
62 2 root [fsnotify_mark]
63 2 root [crypto]
67 2 root [kworker/6:1]
68 2 root [kworker/7:1]
69 2 root [kworker/1:1]
70 2 root [deferwq]
71 2 root [kworker/u:1]
90 2 root [kworker/5:1]
192 2 root [khubd]
202 2 root [ata_sff]
207 2 root [scsi_eh_0]
208 2 root [scsi_eh_1]
209 2 root [scsi_eh_2]
210 2 root [scsi_eh_3]
211 2 root [scsi_eh_4]
212 2 root [scsi_eh_5]
213 2 root [kworker/u:2]
214 2 root [kworker/u:3]
215 2 root [kworker/u:4]
216 2 root [kworker/u:5]
217 2 root [kworker/u:6]
218 2 root [kworker/u:7]
225 2 root [kworker/0:2]
232 2 root [kworker/0:1H]
260 2 root [jbd2/sda5-8]
261 2 root [ext4-dio-unwrit]
409 1 root udevd --daemon
499 2 root [kworker/2:1H]
606 2 root [kworker/4:1H]
624 2 root [kworker/1:1H]
1019 2 root [kworker/5:1H]
1074 2 root [kworker/3:1H]
1090 2 root [kpsmoused]
1091 2 root [kworker/1:2]
1097 2 root [cfg80211]
1264 2 root [hd-audio0]
1310 2 root [hd-audio1]
1559 2 root [kvm-irqfd-clean]
1588 2 root [kworker/2:2]
1613 1 root /sbin/brltty -q
2249 2 root [jbd2/sda3-8]
2250 2 root [ext4-dio-unwrit]
2623 1 root /sbin/rpcbind -w
2653 1 statd /sbin/rpc.statd
2659 2 root [rpciod]
2661 2 root [nfsiod]
2667 1 root /usr/sbin/rpc.idmapd
2730 2 root [flush-8:0]
3061 1 vnstat /usr/sbin/vnstatd -d --pidfile /run/vnstat/vnstat.pid
3126 1 root /usr/sbin/rsyslogd
3183 1 root /usr/sbin/acpi_fakekeyd
3224 1 daemon /usr/sbin/atd
3249 1 root tclsh /usr/bin/i8kmon -- --daemon --nouserconfig
3284 1 root /usr/sbin/acpid
3331 1 root /usr/sbin/inetd
3386 1 nobody /usr/bin/gdomap -I /var/run/gdomap.pid -p
3450 2 root [kauditd]
3456 1 root /usr/sbin/lwresd
3467 2 root [iprt]
3473 1 timidity /usr/bin/timidity -Os -iAD
3531 1 dirmngr /usr/bin/dirmngr --daemon --sh
3674 1 privoxy /usr/sbin/privoxy --pidfile /var/run/privoxy.pid --user pri
3679 1 root /usr/sbin/kerneloops
3702 1 root /usr/sbin/cron
3722 1 debian-+ /usr/sbin/tor --defaults-torrc /usr/share/tor/tor-service-d
3743 1 message+ /usr/bin/dbus-daemon --system
3793 1 avahi avahi-daemon: running [debian.local]
3794 3793 avahi avahi-daemon: chroot helper
3816 1 root /usr/bin/kdm -config /var/run/kdm/kdmrc
3836 3816 root /usr/bin/X :0 vt7 -br -nolisten tcp -auth /var/run/xauth/A:
3840 1 root /usr/sbin/NetworkManager
3903 1 root /usr/lib/policykit-1/polkitd --no-debug
3914 1 root /usr/sbin/modem-manager
3916 1 root /sbin/wpa_supplicant -u -s -O /var/run/wpa_supplicant
3921 3816 root -:0
3923 3840 root /sbin/dhclient -d -sf /usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-clien
3954 1 root /usr/sbin/nmbd -D
4024 1 root /usr/sbin/smbd -D
4140 1 root /usr/sbin/minissdpd -i 0.0.0.0
4153 1 root /usr/sbin/sshd
4170 1 root /sbin/getty 38400 tty1
4171 1 root /sbin/getty 38400 tty2
4172 1 root /sbin/getty 38400 tty3
4173 1 root /sbin/getty 38400 tty4
4174 1 root /sbin/getty 38400 tty5
4175 1 root /sbin/getty 38400 tty6
4184 4024 root /usr/sbin/smbd -D
4186 1 root /opt/zebedee/bin/zebedee -f /opt/zebedee/lib/zebedee/config
4233 1 root /usr/sbin/console-kit-daemon --no-daemon
4306 3921 mohsen gnome-session
4335 4306 mohsen [xbrlapi] <defunct>
4355 4306 mohsen /usr/bin/ssh-agent /usr/bin/dbus-launch --exit-with-session
4358 1 mohsen /usr/bin/dbus-launch --exit-with-session gnome-session
4362 1 mohsen /usr/bin/dbus-daemon --fork --print-pid 5 --print-address 7
4365 1 mohsen /usr/lib/at-spi2-core/at-spi-bus-launcher
4369 4365 mohsen /usr/bin/dbus-daemon --config-file=/etc/at-spi2/accessibili
4372 1 mohsen /usr/lib/at-spi2-core/at-spi2-registryd --use-gnome-session
4384 4306 mohsen /usr/lib/gnome-settings-daemon/gnome-settings-daemon
4388 1 mohsen /usr/bin/gnome-keyring-daemon --start --components=ssh
4397 1 mohsen /usr/bin/pulseaudio --start
4399 1 rtkit /usr/lib/rtkit/rtkit-daemon
4403 1 mohsen /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfsd
4409 1 root /lib/systemd/systemd-logind
4417 1 root /usr/lib/upower/upowerd
4561 1 mohsen /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfs-udisks2-volume-monitor
4565 1 root /usr/lib/udisks2/udisksd --no-debug
4605 1 mohsen /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfs-goa-volume-monitor
4608 1 mohsen /usr/lib/gnome-online-accounts/goa-daemon
4617 1 mohsen /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfs-afc-volume-monitor
4622 1 mohsen /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfs-gphoto2-volume-monitor
4626 1 mohsen /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfs-mtp-volume-monitor
4629 4306 mohsen /usr/bin/gnome-shell
4631 1 colord /usr/lib/colord/colord
4633 1 root /usr/lib/packagekit/packagekitd
4636 1 mohsen /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service
4637 4384 mohsen syndaemon -i 1.0 -t -K -R
4642 1 mohsen /usr/lib/gnome-settings-daemon/gsd-printer
4649 1 root /lib/systemd/systemd-localed
4694 1 mohsen /usr/lib/gnome-shell/gnome-shell-calendar-server
4697 1 root /usr/lib/accountsservice/accounts-daemon
4703 1 mohsen /usr/lib/evolution/evolution-source-registry
4713 1 mohsen /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/gconf/gconfd-2
4726 1 mohsen /usr/lib/telepathy/mission-control-5
4737 4306 mohsen /usr/lib/evolution/3.8/evolution-alarm-notify
4742 1 mohsen /usr/lib/evolution/evolution-calendar-factory
4766 1 mohsen /usr/lib/tracker/tracker-store
4780 1 mohsen /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfsd-burn --spawner :1.8 /org/gtk/gvfs/exec_
4817 4629 mohsen iceweasel
4915 4629 mohsen /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/terminator
4924 4915 mohsen gnome-pty-helper
4925 4915 mohsen /bin/bash
5014 4925 mohsen ps axo pid,ppid,user,cmd