我创建了这个漂亮的多边形
使用以下代码
\documentclass[margin=0pt]{standalone}
%---------------------------- Tikz Libraries ------------------------------%
\usepackage{ifthen}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations, decorations.markings}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows, arrows.meta}
%========================== Middle & pointing arrows ==========================%
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------%
% usage: \draw[->-] or \draw[->-=6pt red 1]
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------%
\tikzset{ ->-/.style args={#1 #2 #3}{
decoration={markings,mark= at position 0.5 with {\arrow{stealth}}, },
postaction={decorate}, },
->-/.default= {0.5 6pt black }}
%========================== Middle & pointing arrows ==========================%
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------%
% usage: \draw[-<-] path; or \draw[-<-=6pt red 1] path;
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------%
\tikzset{ -<-/.style args={#1 #2 #3}{
decoration={markings,mark= at position 0.5 with {\arrow[>=stealth]{<}}, },
postaction={decorate}, },
-<-/.default= {0.5 6pt black }}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
%Polygon 12 Seiten
\node[fill=gray!10] (pol) [
%draw,
minimum size=0.9\textwidth, regular polygon, regular polygon sides=12, rotate=195 ]{};
\foreach \x/\y/\i in {1/2/1,5/6/2,9/10/3} %\alpha's
\draw[black!10!red,auto=right,->-]
(pol.corner \x)--(pol.corner \y)
node[black!10!red,midway]{$\alpha_{\i}$};
\foreach \x/\y/\i in {3/4/1,7/8/2,11/12/3} %inverse \alpha's
\draw[black!10!red,auto=right,-<-]
(pol.corner \x)--(pol.corner \y)
node[black!10!red,midway]{$\alpha_{\i}$};
\foreach \x/\y/\i in {2/3/1,6/7/2,10/11/3} %\beta's
\draw[black!10!blue,auto=right,->-]
(pol.corner \x)--(pol.corner \y)
node[black!10!blue,midway]{$\beta_ {\i}$};
\foreach \x/\y/\i in {4/5/1,8/9/2,12/1/3} %inverse \beta's
\draw[black!10!blue,auto=right,-<-]
(pol.corner \x)--(pol.corner \y)
node[black!10!blue,midway]{$\beta_{\i}$};
%\xi's
\draw[black!40!green,decoration={ markings, mark=at position 0.5 with {\arrow{stealth}}}, postaction={decorate}]
(0,-5.44) --(-2.21,-0.63) node[midway, left] {$\xi_1$} ;
\draw[black!40!green,decoration={ markings, mark=at position 0.5 with {\arrow{stealth}}}, postaction={decorate}]
(0,-5.44) -- (0,-20pt) node[midway, left] {$\xi_2$};
\draw[black!40!green,decoration={ markings, mark=at position 0.5 with {\arrow{stealth}}}, postaction={decorate}]
(0,-5.44) -- (2.21,-0.63) node[midway, left] {$\xi_3$};
% 3 Kreise mit Beschriftung
\draw[violet,decoration={markings, mark=at position 0.26 with {\arrow[>=stealth]{<}}},
postaction={decorate},fill=white] (-2.5,0) circle (20pt) ;
\node[violet,above] at (-2.5,20pt) {$\rho_1$};
\draw[violet,decoration={markings, mark=at position 0.26 with {\arrow[>=stealth]{<}}},
postaction={decorate},fill=white] (0,0) circle (20pt);
\node[violet,above] at (0,20pt) {$\rho_2$};
\draw[violet,decoration={markings, mark=at position 0.26 with {\arrow[>=stealth]{<}}},
postaction={decorate},fill=white] (2.5,0) circle (20pt);
\node[violet,above] at (2.5,20pt) {$\rho_3$};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
现在，我尝试将此代码复制并粘贴到我的论文中。这是一个最简单的例子
\documentclass[oneside, a4paper,12pt]{article}
\usepackage{ifthen}
\usepackage{tikz-cd}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations, decorations.markings}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows, arrows.meta}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix, arrows, decorations.pathmorphing}
%========================== Middle & pointing arrows ==========================%
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------%
% usage: \draw[->-] or \draw[->-=6pt red 1]
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------%
\tikzset{ ->-/.style args={#1 #2 #3}{
decoration={markings,mark= at position 0.5 with {\arrow{stealth}}, },
postaction={decorate}, },
->-/.default= {0.5 6pt black }}
%========================== Middle & pointing arrows ==========================%
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------%
% usage: \draw[-<-] path; or \draw[-<-=6pt red 1] path;
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------%
\tikzset{ -<-/.style args={#1 #2 #3}{
decoration={markings,mark= at position 0.5 with {\arrow[>=stealth]{<}}, },
postaction={decorate}, },
-<-/.default= {0.5 6pt black }}
\begin{document}
\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}
%Polygon 12 Seiten
\node[fill=gray!10] (pol) [
%draw,
minimum size=0.9\textwidth, regular polygon, regular polygon sides=12, rotate=195 ]{};
\foreach \x/\y/\i in {1/2/1,5/6/2,9/10/3} %\alpha's
\draw[black!10!red,auto=right,->-]
(pol.corner \x)--(pol.corner \y)
node[black!10!red,midway]{$\alpha_{\i}$};
\foreach \x/\y/\i in {3/4/1,7/8/2,11/12/3} %inverse \alpha's
\draw[black!10!red,auto=right,-<-]
(pol.corner \x)--(pol.corner \y)
node[black!10!red,midway]{$\alpha_{\i}$};
\foreach \x/\y/\i in {2/3/1,6/7/2,10/11/3} %\beta's
\draw[black!10!blue,auto=right,->-]
(pol.corner \x)--(pol.corner \y)
node[black!10!blue,midway]{$\beta_ {\i}$};
\foreach \x/\y/\i in {4/5/1,8/9/2,12/1/3} %inverse \beta's
\draw[black!10!blue,auto=right,-<-]
(pol.corner \x)--(pol.corner \y)
node[black!10!blue,midway]{$\beta_{\i}$};
%\xi's
\draw[black!40!green,decoration={ markings, mark=at position 0.5 with {\arrow{stealth}}}, postaction={decorate}]
(0,-5.44) --(-2.21,-0.63) node[midway, left] {$\xi_1$} ;
\draw[black!40!green,decoration={ markings, mark=at position 0.5 with {\arrow{stealth}}}, postaction={decorate}]
(0,-5.44) -- (0,-20pt) node[midway, left] {$\xi_2$};
\draw[black!40!green,decoration={ markings, mark=at position 0.5 with {\arrow{stealth}}}, postaction={decorate}]
(0,-5.44) -- (2.21,-0.63) node[midway, left] {$\xi_3$};
% 3 Kreise mit Beschriftung
\draw[violet,decoration={markings, mark=at position 0.26 with {\arrow[>=stealth]{<}}},
postaction={decorate},fill=white] (-2.5,0) circle (20pt) ;
\node[violet,above] at (-2.5,20pt) {$\rho_1$};
\draw[violet,decoration={markings, mark=at position 0.26 with {\arrow[>=stealth]{<}}},
postaction={decorate},fill=white] (0,0) circle (20pt);
\node[violet,above] at (0,20pt) {$\rho_2$};
\draw[violet,decoration={markings, mark=at position 0.26 with {\arrow[>=stealth]{<}}},
postaction={decorate},fill=white] (2.5,0) circle (20pt);
\node[violet,above] at (2.5,20pt) {$\rho_3$};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}
\end{document}
但随后它产生了下面的图像
如您所见，绿线的位置不再正确。我没有缩放图片，所以我不知道出了什么问题。
答案1
问题在于不同的字体大小（12pt在主文件中）和图表文件中的默认 10pt 字体大小，因为您使用它们\textwidth来调整多边形的大小，并且此长度取决于文档的默认字体大小。您可以删除字体大小依赖性，例如通过使用明确的长度进行更改\textwidth（在子文件中，它的长度为 345pt），或者使用standalone 包裹（！）在主文档中使用选项obeyclassoptions，然后使用它\includestandalone{filebasename}来包含图表文件。standalone然后，在包含子文件中的代码时，包将自动切换到默认字体大小。
\documentclass[oneside, a4paper, 12pt]{article}
\usepackage[obeyclassoptions]{standalone}
\usepackage{ifthen}
\usepackage{tikz-cd}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations, decorations.markings}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows, arrows.meta}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix, arrows, decorations.pathmorphing}
%========================== Middle & pointing arrows ==========================%
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------%
% usage: \draw[->-] or \draw[->-=6pt red 1]
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------%
\tikzset{ ->-/.style args={#1 #2 #3}{
decoration={markings,mark= at position 0.5 with {\arrow{stealth}}, },
postaction={decorate}, },
->-/.default= {0.5 6pt black }}
%========================== Middle & pointing arrows ==========================%
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------%
% usage: \draw[-<-] path; or \draw[-<-=6pt red 1] path;
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------%
\tikzset{ -<-/.style args={#1 #2 #3}{
decoration={markings,mark= at position 0.5 with {\arrow[>=stealth]{<}}, },
postaction={decorate}, },
-<-/.default= {0.5 6pt black }}
\begin{document}
\begin{center}
\includestandalone{q470062_sub}% here q470062_sub.tex contains the TikZ picture, change to the used filename
\end{center}
\end{document}
进一步的standalone包选项在这里可能会有所帮助，请检查手册中subpreambles有关自动收集子文件前导码的选项。
如果您在包前adjustbox使用该选项加载包，您还可以使用使内容居中以及其他键来修改图表的大小等。exportstandalone\includestandalone[center]{q470062_sub}adjustbox
如果这对您来说太复杂，那么只需再次减小字体大小即可tikzpicture。在 12pt 文档中，\footnotesize宏会再次为您提供 10pt。将其直接放在前面\begin{tikzpicture}，并确保它周围有一个组，就像现在由于环境而形成的组一样center。
答案2
Martin Scharrer 的评论和回答已经分析了您的问题是由不同的字体大小引起的。以下是解决问题的最小侵入性尝试：
\documentclass[oneside, a4paper,12pt]{article}
\usepackage{ifthen}
\usepackage{tikz-cd}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations, decorations.markings}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows, arrows.meta}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix, arrows, decorations.pathmorphing}
%========================== Middle & pointing arrows ==========================%
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------%
% usage: \draw[->-] or \draw[->-=6pt red 1]
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------%
\tikzset{ ->-/.style args={#1 #2 #3}{
decoration={markings,mark= at position 0.5 with {\arrow{stealth}}, },
postaction={decorate}, },
->-/.default= {0.5 6pt black }}
%========================== Middle & pointing arrows ==========================%
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------%
% usage: \draw[-<-] path; or \draw[-<-=6pt red 1] path;
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------%
\tikzset{ -<-/.style args={#1 #2 #3}{
decoration={markings,mark= at position 0.5 with {\arrow[>=stealth]{<}}, },
postaction={decorate}, },
-<-/.default= {0.5 6pt black }}
\begin{document}
\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}
%Polygon 12 Seiten
\node[fill=gray!10] (pol) [
%draw,
minimum size=0.9\textwidth, regular polygon, regular polygon sides=12, rotate=195 ]{};
\foreach \x/\y/\i in {1/2/1,5/6/2,9/10/3} %\alpha's
\draw[black!10!red,auto=right,->-]
(pol.corner \x)--(pol.corner \y)
node[black!10!red,midway]{$\alpha_{\i}$};
\foreach \x/\y/\i in {3/4/1,7/8/2,11/12/3} %inverse \alpha's
\draw[black!10!red,auto=right,-<-]
(pol.corner \x)--(pol.corner \y)
node[black!10!red,midway]{$\alpha_{\i}$};
\foreach \x/\y/\i in {2/3/1,6/7/2,10/11/3} %\beta's
\draw[black!10!blue,auto=right,->-]
(pol.corner \x)--(pol.corner \y)
node[black!10!blue,midway]{$\beta_ {\i}$};
\foreach \x/\y/\i in {4/5/1,8/9/2,12/1/3} %inverse \beta's
\draw[black!10!blue,auto=right,-<-]
(pol.corner \x)--(pol.corner \y)
node[black!10!blue,midway]{$\beta_{\i}$};
\coordinate(mycord) at (0,-6.15);
%\xi's
\draw[black!40!green,decoration={ markings, mark=at position 0.5 with {\arrow{stealth}}}, postaction={decorate}]
(mycord) --(-2.21,-0.63) node[midway, left] {$\xi_1$} ;
\draw[black!40!green,decoration={ markings, mark=at position 0.5 with {\arrow{stealth}}}, postaction={decorate}]
(mycord) -- (0,-20pt) node[midway, left] {$\xi_2$};
\draw[black!40!green,decoration={ markings, mark=at position 0.5 with {\arrow{stealth}}}, postaction={decorate}]
(mycord) -- (2.21,-0.63) node[midway, left] {$\xi_3$};
% 3 Kreise mit Beschriftung
\draw[violet,decoration={markings, mark=at position 0.26 with {\arrow[>=stealth]{<}}},
postaction={decorate},fill=white] (-2.5,0) circle (20pt) ;
\node[violet,above] at (-2.5,20pt) {$\rho_1$};
\draw[violet,decoration={markings, mark=at position 0.26 with {\arrow[>=stealth]{<}}},
postaction={decorate},fill=white] (0,0) circle (20pt);
\node[violet,above] at (0,20pt) {$\rho_2$};
\draw[violet,decoration={markings, mark=at position 0.26 with {\arrow[>=stealth]{<}}},
postaction={decorate},fill=white] (2.5,0) circle (20pt);
\node[violet,above] at (2.5,20pt) {$\rho_3$};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}
\end{document}
答案3
我能够使用 (pol.corner 1) 消除字体大小依赖性。
以下代码产生了所需的结果。
\documentclass[oneside, a4paper,12pt]{article}
\usepackage{ifthen}
\usepackage{tikz-cd}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations, decorations.markings}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows, arrows.meta}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix, arrows, decorations.pathmorphing}
%========================== Middle & pointing arrows ==========================%
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------%
% usage: \draw[->-] or \draw[->-=6pt red 1]
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------%
\tikzset{ ->-/.style args={#1 #2 #3}{
decoration={markings,mark= at position 0.5 with {\arrow{stealth}}, },
postaction={decorate}, },
->-/.default= {0.5 6pt black }}
%========================== Middle & pointing arrows ==========================%
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------%
% usage: \draw[-<-] path; or \draw[-<-=6pt red 1] path;
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------%
\tikzset{ -<-/.style args={#1 #2 #3}{
decoration={markings,mark= at position 0.5 with {\arrow[>=stealth]{<}}, },
postaction={decorate}, },
-<-/.default= {0.5 6pt black }}
\begin{document}
\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}
%Polygon 12 Seiten
\node[fill=gray!10] (pol) [
%draw,
minimum size=0.9\textwidth, regular polygon, regular polygon sides=12, rotate=195 ]{};
\foreach \x/\y/\i in {1/2/1,5/6/2,9/10/3} %\alpha's
\draw[black!10!red,auto=right,->-]
(pol.corner \x)--(pol.corner \y)
node[black!10!red,midway]{$\alpha_{\i}$};
\foreach \x/\y/\i in {3/4/1,7/8/2,11/12/3} %inverse \alpha's
\draw[black!10!red,auto=right,-<-]
(pol.corner \x)--(pol.corner \y)
node[black!10!red,midway]{$\alpha_{\i}$};
\foreach \x/\y/\i in {2/3/1,6/7/2,10/11/3} %\beta's
\draw[black!10!blue,auto=right,->-]
(pol.corner \x)--(pol.corner \y)
node[black!10!blue,midway]{$\beta_ {\i}$};
\foreach \x/\y/\i in {4/5/1,8/9/2,12/1/3} %inverse \beta's
\draw[black!10!blue,auto=right,-<-]
(pol.corner \x)--(pol.corner \y)
node[black!10!blue,midway]{$\beta_{\i}$};
%\xi's
\draw[black!40!green,decoration={ markings, mark=at position 0.5 with {\arrow{stealth}}}, postaction={decorate}]
(pol.corner 1) --(-2.21,-0.63) node[midway, left] {$\xi_1$} ;
\draw[black!40!green,decoration={ markings, mark=at position 0.5 with {\arrow{stealth}}}, postaction={decorate}]
(pol.corner 1) -- (0,-20pt) node[midway, left] {$\xi_2$};
\draw[black!40!green,decoration={ markings, mark=at position 0.5 with {\arrow{stealth}}}, postaction={decorate}]
(pol.corner 1) -- (2.21,-0.63) node[midway, left] {$\xi_3$};
% 3 Kreise mit Beschriftung
\draw[violet,decoration={markings, mark=at position 0.26 with {\arrow[>=stealth]{<}}},
postaction={decorate},fill=white] (-2.5,0) circle (20pt) ;
\node[violet,above] at (-2.5,20pt) {$\rho_1$};
\draw[violet,decoration={markings, mark=at position 0.26 with {\arrow[>=stealth]{<}}},
postaction={decorate},fill=white] (0,0) circle (20pt);
\node[violet,above] at (0,20pt) {$\rho_2$};
\draw[violet,decoration={markings, mark=at position 0.26 with {\arrow[>=stealth]{<}}},
postaction={decorate},fill=white] (2.5,0) circle (20pt);
\node[violet,above] at (2.5,20pt) {$\rho_3$};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}
\end{document}