平面圆盘轴对称

Question

我正在尝试重新创建这个图像：

该图表示 2 个平面线圈的轴对称表示（圆柱坐标系）。我想给读者增加一些直观感受，向他们展示我们在平面上表示问题，但实际上它是一个“3d”模型。

以下是 MWE：

\documentclass[border=7pt]{standalone}

%%%%%%%%%%

\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{3d}

%%%%%%%%%%%


\begin{document}

    \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=4.5]

    \tikzset{zxplane/.style={canvas is zx plane at y=#1,very thin}}
    \tikzset{yxplane/.style={canvas is yx plane at z=#1,very thin}}

    % Coil 1
    \begin{scope}[zxplane=-0.1] % Reflection
        \draw[fill=blue!40,opacity=0.8,even odd rule] (0,0) circle (0.1) (0,0) circle (0.42);
    \end{scope}

    % Coil 2
    \begin{scope}[zxplane=0.175] % Secondary
        \draw[fill=green!40,opacity=0.8,even odd rule] (0,0) circle (0.228) (0,0) circle (0.428);
    \end{scope}

    % Plane
    \draw [fill=black, opacity=0.2] (0,-0.5) rectangle (0.5, 0.5);
    \draw [dashed] (0, -0.5) -- (0, 0.5);

    \end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

目前看起来像这样：

我不知道如何让飞机打破这些环路。任何帮助都将不胜感激。此外，线圈看起来不平衡，如果能把它们弄直就好了。

Answer 1

欢迎来到 TeX.SE！您已经很接近了。我通过加载引入了 3d 正交坐标tikz-3dplot，并按以下顺序绘制事物：后面的半线圈、平面，最后是前景中的半线圈。

\documentclass[tikz,border=7pt]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz-3dplot}
\usetikzlibrary{3d}
%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{document}
\tdplotsetmaincoords{70}{0}
\begin{tikzpicture}[tdplot_main_coords,scale=4.5,
xyplane/.style={canvas is xy plane at z=#1,very thin}]
%     \tikzset{zxplane/.style={canvas is zx plane at y=#1,very thin}}
%     \tikzset{yxplane/.style={canvas is yx plane at z=#1,very thin}}

    % Coil 1 in the back
    \begin{scope}[xyplane=-0.1] % Reflection
        \clip(-0.5,0) rectangle (0.5,1);
        \draw[fill=blue!40,opacity=0.8,even odd rule] (0,0) circle (0.1) (0,0) circle (0.42);
    \end{scope}

    % Coil 2 in the back
    \begin{scope}[xyplane=0.175] % Secondary
        \clip(-0.5,0) rectangle (0.5,1);
        \draw[fill=green!40,opacity=0.8,even odd rule] (0,0) circle (0.228) (0,0) circle (0.428);
    \end{scope}

    % Plane
    \begin{scope}[canvas is xz plane at y=0]
    \draw [fill=black, opacity=0.2] (0,-0.5) rectangle (0.5, 0.5);
    \draw [dashed] (0, -0.5) -- (0, 0.5);
    \end{scope}

    % Coil 1 in the front
    \begin{scope}[xyplane=-0.1] % Reflection
        \clip(-0.5,0) rectangle (0.5,-1);
        \draw[fill=blue!40,opacity=0.8,even odd rule] (0,0) circle (0.1) (0,0) circle (0.42);
    \end{scope}

    % Coil 2 in the front
    \begin{scope}[xyplane=0.175] % Secondary
        \clip(-0.5,0) rectangle (0.5,-1);
        \draw[fill=green!40,opacity=0.8,even odd rule] (0,0) circle (0.228) (0,0) circle (0.428);
    \end{scope}

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

您可以调整通过 设置的视角\tdplotsetmaincoords{70}{0}。