☰

如何绘制如下的立方体？

tag-icon • tag-icon pstricks pst-solides3d
如何绘制如下的立方体？ 
\documentclass[pstricks,border=10pt]{standalone}
\usepackage{pst-solides3d}
\begin{document}
\psset{viewpoint=120 50 30 rtp2xyz,Decran=50}
\pstVerb{/Colors [(red)(yellow)(orange)(green)(blue)] def }
\def\figure#1#2{%
\begin{pspicture}(-3,-3)(3,3)
\psframe[linestyle=none,fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=blue!50](-3,-3)(3,3)
    \psSolid[action=draw**,a=8,object=cube,fillcolor=green!30,ngrid=3,%
    rm=4 40 13 31 53 22,hollow,incolor=pink!50,Rot#2=-#1\space]%
    \end{pspicture}
}
    \multido{\iA=0+5}{72}{\figure{\iA}{X}}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述 立方体内部是空心的。

那么，如何获得类似于下图的输出呢？

在此处输入图片描述

%% 来自 Herbert 的评论

\documentclass[pstricks]{standalone}
\usepackage{pst-solides3d}
\begin{document}

\begin{pspicture}(-4.5,-3.5)(6,6)
\psset{Decran=60,viewpoint=80 35 15 rtp2xyz,a=1,lightsrc=80 30 20,}
%   \psSolid[object=grille,base=0 7 0 7,fillcolor=gray!40]%%
%   \psSolid[object=grille,base=0 7 0 7,RotY=90,fillcolor=gray!30](0,0,7)%
%   \psSolid[object=grille,base=0 7 0 7,RotX=-90,fillcolor=gray!20](0,0,7)%
\def\figure#1#2#3{\psSolid[object=cube,fcol=1 (green) 2 (blue) 3 (red) 4 (pink) 5 (orange) 6 (cyan)](#1,#2,#3)}
    \foreach \i in {0.5,1.5,2.5}{\figure{0.5}{\i}{0.5}}
    \foreach \i in {1.5,2.5}{\figure{\i}{.5}{0.5}}
    \figure{1.5}{2.5}{0.5}
    \foreach \i in {1.5,2.5}{\figure{2.5}{\i}{0.5}}
    \foreach \i in {1.5,2.5}{\figure{.5}{.5}{\i}}
    \figure{2.5}{.5}{1.5}
    \figure{.5}{1.5}{2.5}
    \foreach \i in {1.5,2.5}{\figure{\i}{.5}{2.5}}
    \figure{2.5}{1.5}{2.5}
    \foreach \i in {1.5,2.5}{\figure{.5}{2.5}{\i}}
    \figure{1.5}{2.5}{2.5}
    \foreach \i in {1.5,2.5}{\figure{2.5}{2.5}{\i}}
\end{pspicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

但是使用 perspective=80 135 15 rtp2xyz ，我得到以下结果：

在此处输入图片描述

答案1

如果你不想里面也有立方体，那很简单：

\documentclass[pstricks,border=10pt]{standalone}
\usepackage{pst-solides3d}
\begin{document}
\psset{viewpoint=120 60 30 rtp2xyz,Decran=50}
\pstVerb{/Colors [(red)(yellow)(orange)(green)(blue)] def }
\begin{pspicture}(-3,-3)(3,3)
\psSolid[action=draw**,a=8,object=cube,fillcolor=green!30,ngrid=7,%
    rm=  8  12  24  36  40 
        57  61  73  85  89
       106 110 122 134 138
       155 159 171 183 187
       208 212 220 228 232
       269 273 281 289 293,
        hollow,incolor=blue!30]%
\end{pspicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

作为单个立方体：

\documentclass[pstricks]{standalone}
\usepackage{pst-solides3d}
\def\Figure#1#2#3#4{%
    \psSolid[object=cube,name=c#4,ngrid=1,a=1,
             action=none,fcol=1 (green) 2 (blue) 3 (red) 4 (pink) 5 (orange) 6 (cyan)](#1,#2,#3)}

\begin{document}

    \begin{pspicture}(-4.5,-3.5)(6,6)
    \psset{Decran=60,viewpoint=80 10 15 rtp2xyz,lightsrc=viewpoint,solidmemory}
    \foreach \i/\j in {0.5/1,1.5/2,2.5/3}{\Figure{0.5}{\i}{0.5}{\j}}
    \foreach \i/\j in {1.5/4,2.5/5}{\Figure{\i}{.5}{0.5}{\j}}
    \Figure{1.5}{2.5}{0.5}{6}
    \foreach \i/\j in {1.5/7,2.5/8}{\Figure{2.5}{\i}{0.5}{\j}}
    \foreach \i/\j in {1.5/9,2.5/10}{\Figure{.5}{.5}{\i}{\j}}
    \Figure{2.5}{.5}{1.5}{11}
    \Figure{.5}{1.5}{2.5}{12}
    \foreach \i/\j in {1.5/13,2.5/14}{\Figure{\i}{.5}{2.5}{\j}}
    \Figure{2.5}{1.5}{2.5}{15}
    \foreach \i/\j in {1.5/16,2.5/17}{\Figure{.5}{2.5}{\i}{\j}}
    \Figure{1.5}{2.5}{2.5}{18}
    \foreach \i/\j in {1.5/19,2.5/20}{\Figure{2.5}{2.5}{\i}{\j}}
    \psSolid[object=fusion,
             base=c1 c2 c3 c4 c5 c6 c7 c8 c9 c10 c11 c12 c13 c14 c15 c16 c17 c18 c19 c20]
    \composeSolid
    \end{pspicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

对于许多立方体，你可以简化融合对象：

\def\cubes{}
\multido{\iA=1+1}{20}{\xdef\cubes{\cubes\space c\iA}}
\begin{pspicture} ....
    ....    
    \psSolid[object=fusion, base=\cubes]
    ....

以下是构建完整立方体的方法：

\documentclass[pstricks]{standalone}
\usepackage{pst-solides3d}
\newcounter{fig}
\def\Figure#1#2#3{%
    \stepcounter{fig}%
    \psSolid[object=cube,name=c\thefig,ngrid=1,a=1,
             action=none,fcol=1 (green) 2 (blue) 3 (red) 4 (pink) 5 (orange) 6 (cyan)](#1,#2,#3)}

\begin{document}

    \begin{pspicture}(-5,-3.5)(4,6)
    \psset{Decran=60,viewpoint=80 60 15 rtp2xyz,lightsrc=viewpoint,solidmemory}
    \multido{\iA=0+1}{7}{%
      \multido{\iB=0+1}{7}{%
         \multido{\iC=0+1}{7}{%
           \Figure{\iB}{\iA}{\iC}%
    }}}%
    \psSolid[object=fusion, base=
    % 1
       c1   c2   c3   c4   c5   c6   c7
       c8        c10  c11  c12       c14
       c15  c16  c17  c18  c19  c20  c21
       c22  c23  c24       c26  c27  c28
       c29  c30  c31  c32  c33  c34  c35
       c36       c38  c39  c40       c42
       c43  c44  c45  c46  c47  c48  c49
    % 2
       c50       c52  c53  c54       c56
    %      
       c64       c66  c67  c68       c70
       c71       c73       c75       c77
       c78       c80  c81  c82       c84
    %      
       c92       c94  c95  c96       c98
     % 3 ...
      ]
    \composeSolid
    \end{pspicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

完整图像：

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

像这样吗？

\documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz-3dplot}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\tikzset{plane/.style n args={3}{insert path={%
#1 -- ++ #2 -- ++ #3 -- ++ ($-1*#2$) -- cycle}},
unit xy plane/.style={plane={#1}{(1,0,0)}{(0,1,0)}},
unit xz plane/.style={plane={#1}{(1,0,0)}{(0,0,1)}},
unit yz plane/.style={plane={#1}{(0,1,0)}{(0,0,1)}},
get projections/.style={insert path={%
let \p1=(1,0,0),\p2=(0,1,0)  in 
[/utils/exec={\pgfmathtruncatemacro{\xproj}{sign(\x1)}\xdef\xproj{\xproj}
\pgfmathtruncatemacro{\yproj}{sign(\x2)}\xdef\yproj{\yproj}
\pgfmathtruncatemacro{\zproj}{sign(cos(\tdplotmaintheta))}\xdef\zproj{\zproj}}]}},
pics/unit cube/.style={code={
\path[get projections];
\draw (0,0,0) -- (1,1,1);
\ifnum\zproj=-1
 \path[3d cube/every face,3d cube/xy face,unit xy plane={(0,0,0)}]; 
\fi
\ifnum\yproj=1
 \path[3d cube/every face,3d cube/yz face,unit yz plane={(1,0,0)}]; 
\else
 \path[3d cube/every face,3d cube/yz face,unit yz plane={(0,0,0)}]; 
\fi
\ifnum\xproj=1
 \path[3d cube/every face,3d cube/xz face,unit xz plane={(0,0,0)}]; 
\else
 \path[3d cube/every face,3d cube/xz face,unit xz plane={(0,1,0)}]; 
\fi
\ifnum\zproj>-1
 \path[3d cube/every face,3d cube/xy face,unit xy plane={(0,0,1)}]; 
\fi
}},
3d cube/.cd,
xy face/.style={fill=orange},
xz face/.style={fill=blue},
yz face/.style={fill=red},
every face/.style={draw,very thick}
}
\begin{document}
\foreach \Angle in {5,15,...,355} 
{\tdplotsetmaincoords{60}{\Angle} % the first argument cannot be larger than 90
\begin{tikzpicture}[line join=round]
 \pgfmathtruncatemacro{\NumCubes}{7}
 \path[use as bounding box] (-\NumCubes/2-3,-\NumCubes/2-2) 
 rectangle (\NumCubes/2+3,\NumCubes/2+4);
 \begin{scope}[tdplot_main_coords]
  \pgfmathtruncatemacro{\NextToLast}{\NumCubes-1}
  \path[get projections];
  \ifnum\yproj=1
   \def\LstX{1,...,\NumCubes}
  \else 
   \def\LstX{\NumCubes,\NextToLast,...,1}
  \fi
  \ifnum\xproj=-1
   \def\LstY{1,...,\NumCubes}
  \else 
   \def\LstY{\NumCubes,\NextToLast,...,1}
  \fi
  \ifnum\zproj=1
   \def\LstZ{1,...,\NumCubes}
  \else 
   \def\LstZ{\NumCubes,\NextToLast,...,1}
  \fi
  \foreach \X in \LstX
  {\foreach \Y in \LstY
   {\foreach \Z in \LstZ
    {\xdef\itest{1}
     \ifodd\X
     \else
       \pgfmathtruncatemacro{\jtest}{mod(\X+\Y,4)}
       \ifnum\jtest=0
        \xdef\itest{0}
       \fi
       \pgfmathtruncatemacro{\jtest}{mod(\X+\Z,4)}
       \ifnum\jtest=0
        \xdef\itest{0}
       \fi
     \fi
     \ifodd\Y
     \else
       \pgfmathtruncatemacro{\jtest}{mod(\Y+\Z,4)}
       \ifnum\jtest=0
        \xdef\itest{0}
       \fi
     \fi
     \ifnum\itest=1
     \path (\X-\NumCubes/2-1/2,\Y-\NumCubes/2-1/2,\Z-\NumCubes/2-1/2) pic{unit cube};
     \fi}}
  }
 \end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

相关内容