考虑一下ex-14-5.mf：
mode:=ljfour; % 600dpi for dvips (you must run "gftopk")
mode_setup;
beginchar("e",10pt#,7.5pt#,2.5pt#);
pickup pencircle scaled (.4pt+blacker);
draw fullcircle scaled .2w shifted (w/2,(h+d)/2-d);
draw fullcircle scaled .6w shifted (w/2,(h+d)/2-d);
draw fullcircle scaled w shifted (w/2,(h+d)/2-d);
endchar;
end
在其上运行 metafont( mf)。一切正常：
$ mf ex-14-5
This is METAFONT, Version 2.7182818 (TeX Live 2017) (preloaded base=mf)
(ex-14-5.mf [101] )
Font metrics written on ex-14-5.tfm.
Output written on ex-14-5.600gf (1 character, 696 bytes).
Transcript written on ex-14-5.log.
现在运行tex此文件。一切正常：
\font\x=ex-14-5 \x e \bye
$ tex ex-14-5
This is TeX, Version 3.14159265
(ex-14-5.tex [1] )
Output written on ex-14-5.dvi (1 page, 260 bytes).
Transcript written on ex-14-5.log.
运行时dvips -M0 ex-14-5它会尝试自动创建pk文件：
This is dvips(k) 5.998 Copyright 2018 Radical Eye Software (www.radicaleye.com)
' TeX output 2019.03.14:1625' -> ex-14-5.ps
kpathsea: Running mktexpk --mfmode ljfour --bdpi 600 --mag 1+0/600 --dpi 600 ex-14-5
<various errors follow>
如果我pk在调用之前手动生成文件dvips ex-14-5，则一切正常：
$ rm *pk
$ gftopk ex-14-5.600gf
$ dvips ex-14-5
This is dvips(k) 5.998 Copyright 2018 Radical Eye Software (www.radicaleye.com)
' TeX output 2019.03.14:1625' -> ex-14-5.ps
<./ex-14-5.600pk></usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/dvips/base/tex.pro>
</usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/dvips/base/texps.pro>.
</usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmr10.pfb>[1]
除了使用-M0命令行选项外，我还尝试添加M0-.dvipsrc但没有帮助。
如何告诉dvips不要尝试自动生成pk文件？
答案1
如果你使用字体通过./，如
\font\x=./myfont
然后mktexpk就不会被调用。
此功能允许有mktexpk选择地抑制。-M在这种情况下选项不可用，因为它会抑制mktexpk所有字体。
魔法发生在kpathsea_find_glyph。这是来自 tex-glyph.c 的相关代码
/* If not an alias, try creating it on the fly with mktexpk,
unless FONTNAME is absolute or explicitly relative. */
if (!ret && !kpathsea_absolute_p (kpse, fontname, true)) {
因此，kpathsea_absolute_p当文件名明确是相对的时返回 true。
使用相对路径的输出dvips现在符合要求：
$ dvips -q ex-14-5
dvips: Font ./ex-14-5 not found; using cmr10
dvips: Design size mismatch in font ex-14-5
dvips: Checksum mismatch in font ex-14-5