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将 numpy 数据导出到 csv 到 pgfplots 时出错

tag-icon • tag-icon pgfplots python csv
将 numpy 数据导出到 csv 到 pgfplots 时出错

我必须绘制数值模拟的数据。我使用和进行模拟python。numpy但现在我想将结果绘制在 LaTeX 文件中。由于我希望能够在不重新运行模拟的情况下修改布局，我认为将结果导出到文件中csv然后读取此文件pgfplots是一个很好的解决方案。不幸的是，当我这样做时，我得到的结果与使用matplotlib例如绘制时不同。

以下是我从中获得的信息matplotlib： Matplotlib 结果

以下是我获得的结果pgfplots： pgfplots 结果

pgfplots使用以下 LaTeX 代码生成结果：

\documentclass[12pt]{standalone} 
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{tikz}                       % 
\usepackage{pgfplots}                   %
    \pgfplotsset{compat=newest}         %


\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture} 
    \begin{axis}[colormap/viridis,
                enlarge y limits=false,
                axis equal image,
                axis on top,
                colorbar,
            ]           

        \addplot[ 
                matrix plot*, point meta=explicit, mesh/cols=10,
            ]
            table[x=y, y=x, 
                meta=T, ignore chars={\#}, col sep=comma,
                ] 
            {hydrostat.csv};

    \end{axis}  
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

该文件hydrostat.csv可以通过这个链接获取： https://transfernow.net/103fg0a2hl44

numpy该文件是由as命令生成的np（其中T1是输出字段，X和Y是坐标，ly和ly是网格的尺寸）：

np.savetxt('./hydrostat.csv', np.column_stack(( np.reshape(X, (lx*ly,1)), np.reshape(Y, (lx*ly,1)), np.reshape(T1, (lx*ly,1))  )), header='x, y, T', comments='# ',delimiter=',', newline='\n' )

我认为这不是什么大问题，只是一个错误的配置pgfplots，但我找不到它。

看起来行数和列数有点不对，所以我尝试更改mesh/cols值，但结果却很糟糕。我还尝试了从格式导出之类的操作matplotlib，pgf但它会创建一个png图像，因此无法更改布局，除非重新运行模拟。 也发生了同样的情况matplotlib2tikz。

提前感谢您帮助我找出错误。

答案1

简洁版本

感谢marmot的评论，我们可以确定部分问题来自文件中的原始数据csv。

numpy/python可以使用以下命令导出数据来解决该问题T1：

np.savetxt('./hydrostat.csv', np.column_stack(( np.reshape(X, (lx*ly,1)), np.reshape(Y, (lx*ly,1)), np.reshape(T1.T, (lx*ly,1))  )), header='x, y, T', comments='# ',delimiter=',', newline='\n' )

请注意 转置的数据的存在T1.T。

最后一点是使用y dir=reverse获取想要的输出pgfplots。

长版本

如果我使用numpy/python代码导出数据（不转置）：

np.savetxt('./hydrostat.csv', np.column_stack(( np.reshape(X, (lx*ly,1)), np.reshape(Y, (lx*ly,1)),  np.reshape(T1, (lx*ly,1))  )), header='x, y, T', comments='# ',delimiter=',', newline='\n' )

hydrostat.csv我在问题链接中或 Ulrich 的回答中获得了以下文件。

然后使用以下 LaTeX 代码：

\documentclass[12pt]{standalone} 
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{tikz}                       % 
\usepackage{pgfplots}                   %
    \pgfplotsset{compat=newest}         %


\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture} 
    \begin{axis}[colormap/viridis,
                enlarge y limits=false,
                axis equal image,
                axis on top,
                colorbar,
                y dir=reverse,
            ]           

        \addplot[ 
                matrix plot*, point meta=explicit, mesh/cols=10,
            ]
            table[x expr=\thisrow{x}, y expr=\thisrow{y}, 
                            meta=T, ignore chars={\#}, col sep=comma,
                 ] 
            {hydrostat.csv};

    \end{axis}  
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

我将获得结果图片：在此处输入图片描述

我加了一个红圈来突出这个问题。即使外径比是想要的倒数（这可以通过使用 Ulrich 的解决方案来解决），这个区域的数据也与图片不同matplotlib。

然后如果我使用numpy/python代码（带有转置）：

np.savetxt('./hydrostat.csv', np.column_stack(( np.reshape(X, (lx*ly,1)), np.reshape(Y, (lx*ly,1)),  np.reshape(T1.T, (lx*ly,1))  )), header='x, y, T', comments='# ',delimiter=',', newline='\n' )

我将获得该文件hydrostat.csv：

# x, y, T
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1.000000000000000000e+01,2.000000000000000000e+01,6.668059134476987948e-01

然后使用 LaTeX 代码：

\documentclass[12pt]{standalone} 
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{tikz}                       % 
\usepackage{pgfplots}                   %
    \pgfplotsset{compat=newest}         %


\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture} 
    \begin{axis}[colormap/viridis,
                enlarge y limits=false,
                axis equal image,
                axis on top,
                colorbar,
                y dir=reverse,
            ]           

        \addplot[ 
                matrix plot*, point meta=explicit, mesh/cols=10,
            ]
            table[x expr=\thisrow{y}, y expr=\thisrow{x}, 
                            meta=T, ignore chars={\#}, col sep=comma,
                 ] 
            {hydrostat.csv};

    \end{axis}  
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

我终于得到了想要的结果：在此处输入图片描述

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