如何绘制仅在第一行带有列线的表格？ 这是我的代码的 MWE：
\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{float}
\usepackage[table]{xcolor}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}[H]
\centering
\caption{Data of subways in Fortal city}
\rowcolors{1}{gray!20}{white}
\begin{tabular}{c|c|c|c}
\hline
Line & Extension & Stations & Vehicle type \\
\hline
South & 24,1 km & 19 & Electric \\
West & 19,5 km & 10 & VLT a diesel \\
Parangaba-Mucuripe & 13,2 km & 10 & VLT a diesel \\
East & 7,3 km & 11 & VLT a diesel \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
\end{document}
我想要实现的目标：
答案1
我删除了参数中的列tabular，但我将它们拉回来，仅在标题中使用multicolumn{1}{c|}{text}
以下是完整的工作代码：
\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{float}
\usepackage[table]{xcolor}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}[H]
\centering
\caption{Data of subways in Fortal city}
\rowcolors{1}{gray!20}{white}
\begin{tabular}{cccc}
\hline
\multicolumn{1}{c|}{Line} & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{Extension} & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{Stations} & Vehicle type \\
\hline
South & 24,1 km & 19 & Electric \\
West & 19,5 km & 10 & VLT a diesel \\
Parangaba-Mucuripe & 13,2 km & 10 & VLT a diesel \\
East & 7,3 km & 11 & VLT a diesel \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
\end{document}
请注意，对于这个特定问题，我不需要c|在最后一列绘制一列。否则它会变成边框，而我并不想发生这种情况。
此外，为了避免总是写入，multicolumn{1}{c|}{text}我定义了一个新命令\topr{}，这样\newcommand{\topr}[1]{\multicolumn{1}{c|}{#1}}我就不用写入固定值了。因此改进后的代码如下所示：
\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{float}
\usepackage[table]{xcolor}
\newcommand{\topr}[1]{\multicolumn{1}{c|}{#1}}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}[H]
\centering
\caption{Data of subways in Fortal city}
\rowcolors{1}{gray!20}{white}
\begin{tabular}{cccc}
\hline
\topr{Line} & \topr{Extension} & \topr{Stations} & Vehicle type \\
\hline
South & 24,1 km & 19 & Electric \\
West & 19,5 km & 10 & VLT a diesel \\
Parangaba-Mucuripe & 13,2 km & 10 & VLT a diesel \\
East & 7,3 km & 11 & VLT a diesel \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
\end{document}
答案2
卡尔斯特布尔
这是使用该包设置的表格类型卡路里。您会发现，所有规则都是可见的，并且规则和颜色之间没有白线。但是，我建议排版为经典booktable表格，没有垂直规则，也没有任何灰色阴影，见下文。
我定义了一些快捷方式来减少编码。
与原版相比，我删除了侧边距（第一列的左填充和最后一列的右填充，这是学术表格的惯例。另外，我将数字列右对齐，但将数字移动到列中心 1.25em。我还将“km”移动到了列标题。如果您更喜欢单行标题，只需将列增加一些pt。
\documentclass[12pt, a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{cals, url}
\usepackage{xcolor, caption}
\newcommand{\rl}{\hspace*{1.25em}}
\begin{document}
\begin{table*}
\caption{Data of subways in Fortal city}
%\footnotesize % Not necessary with too tiny font. Eventually, use `small` if you prefer smaller font in the tables.
\small\sffamily
\begin{calstable}[c]
% Defining columns relative to each other and relative to the margins
\colwidths{{\dimexpr(\columnwidth)/3\relax}
{\dimexpr(\columnwidth)/6\relax}
{\dimexpr(\columnwidth)/6\relax}
{\dimexpr(\columnwidth)/4\relax}
}
% The tabular fills the text area if the divisors for all columns were 4
% Set up the tabular
\makeatletter
\def\cals@framers@width{0.8pt} % Outside frame rules, reduce if the rule is too heavy
\def\cals@framecs@width{0pt}
\def\cals@bodyrs@width{0.6pt}
\def\cals@cs@width{0.4pt} % Inside rules, reduce if the rule is too heavy
\def\cals@rs@width{0.4pt}
\def\cals@bgcolor{}
\def\lb{\ifx\cals@borderL\relax % Left border switch (off-on)
\def\cals@borderL{0pt}
\else \let\cals@borderL\relax\fi}
\def\rb{\ifx\cals@borderR\relax % Right border switch (off-on)
\def\cals@borderR{0pt}
\else \let\cals@borderR\relax\fi}
\def\bb{\ifx\cals@borderB\relax % Bottom border switch (off-on)
\def\cals@borderB{0pt}
\else \let\cals@borderB\relax\fi}
\def\lp{\ifdim\cals@paddingL=0.0pt\relax % Left padding switch (off-on)
\cals@setpadding{Ag}
\else \setlength{\cals@paddingL}{0pt}\fi}
\def\rp{\ifdim\cals@paddingR=0.0pt\relax % Right padding switch (off-on)
\cals@setpadding{Ag}
\else \setlength{\cals@paddingR}{0pt}\fi}
\def\gray{\ifx\cals@bgcolor\empty % "Switch" to turn on and off colour
\def\cals@bgcolor{gray!20}
\else \def\cals@bgcolor{} \fi}
% R1H1
\thead{\bfseries%
\brow
\gray\lp\alignL\cell{\vfil Line}\lp
\alignC\cell{\vfil Extension (km)}
\alignC\cell{\vfil Stations}
\rp\alignR\cell{\vfil Vehicle type}\rp \gray
\erow
\mdseries%
}
\tfoot{\lastrule\strut}
%R2H1
\brow
\lb\lp\bb\alignL\cell{South}\lp
\alignR\cell{24,1\rl}
\alignR\cell{19\rl}
\rp\alignR\cell{Electric}\rp
\erow
%R3H2
\brow
\gray\lp\alignL\cell{West}\lp
\alignR\cell{19,5\rl}
\alignR\cell{10\rl}
\rp\alignR\cell{VLT a diesel}\rp\gray
\erow
%R4B3
\brow
\lp\alignL\cell{Parangaba-Mucuripe}\lp
\alignR\cell{13,2\rl}
\alignR\cell{10\rl}
\rp\alignR\cell{VLT a diesel}\rp\bb
\erow
%R7N1
\brow
\gray\lp\cell{ East}\lp
\alignR\cell{7,3\rl}
\alignR\cell{11\rl}
\rp\alignR\cell{VLT a diesel}\gray\rp
\erow
\makeatletter
\end{calstable}\par
\end{table*}
\end{document}
经典书桌样式表格
这里我修改了@Levy 的代码，但做了几处改动：
\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{booktabs, caption, tabulary}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}[!tb]
\small\sffamily\centering
\caption{Data of subways in Fortal city}
\begin{tabulary}{\linewidth}{@{}LRRC@{}}
\toprule
\textsc{line} & \textsc{extension\linebreak(km)} & \textsc{stations} & \textsc{vehicle type}\\
\midrule
South & 24,1 & 19 & Electric \\
West & 19,5 & 10 & VLT a diesel \\
Parangaba-Mucuripe & 13,2 & 10 & VLT a diesel \\
East & 7,3 & 11 & VLT a diesel \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabulary}
\end{table}
\end{document}
答案3
使用，您可以放置一条指令，表明您不想再绘制垂直规则，仅此而已{NiceTabular}。nicematrix\Block{*-*}{}
\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{float}
\usepackage{nicematrix}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}[H]
\centering
\caption{Data of subways in Fortal city}
\begin{NiceTabular}{c|c|c|c}
\CodeBefore
\rowcolors{1}{gray!20}{}
\Body
\hline
Line & Extension & Stations & Vehicle type \\
\hline
\Block{*-*}{}
South & 24,1 km & 19 & Electric \\
West & 19,5 km & 10 & VLT a diesel \\
Parangaba-Mucuripe & 13,2 km & 10 & VLT a diesel \\
East & 7,3 km & 11 & VLT a diesel \\
\hline
\end{NiceTabular}
\end{table}
\end{document}
